Advocacy Paper

Social determinants of health are the complicated situations wherein people are born and live that affect their wellbeing and health. Socioeconomic, cultural, and political constructs are examples of intrinsic factors. On the other hand, place-based circumstances include easily available health-care, education systems, secure environmental circumstances, well-designed neighborhoods, and the affordability of nutritious food options. The ability to work is an essential SDOH because it offers significant benefits in terms of financial stability, self-efficacy, support networks, and socioeconomic class (Chung et al., 2016). In several nations, health insurance provided by an employer is also available to the majority of the population. In this case, the critical social determinants of health include employment status whereby the patient is not employed, therefore has no insurance.

The second social determinant of health is educational opportunities. The evidence demonstrating the value of education as a health determinant is one of the most captivating in the field. Health outcomes such as average lifespan, mortality, and health behaviors are highly linked with education. Academic achievement has a significant impact on health by influencing opportunities, job growth, and income. In this scenario, the patient has completed school through the 8th grade. Due to a lack of proper education, the patient has a long-standing history of alcohol and tobacco abuse and has developed chronic pancreatitis. The final SDOH that the patient is experiencing is the inability to obtain housing. The connection between housing and health is well established, according to scientific proof. Housing stability, reliability, security, and affordability, as well as the social and physical features of neighborhoods, all impact health­ related results. Housing's effects on health are currently being regarded mainly by policymakers, which is a positive development. Housing is one of the well-researched SDOH (Gold et al., 2017). Studies have found that certain housing initiatives for low-income individuals can enhance health results while also lowering health-care expenses in some cases. Numerous health care organizations, payers, as well as government agencies are pursuing to understand better the entirety of the wellness and housing literature to identify where they can most successfully intervene on behalf of their people. In this case, the patient has no house. He is putting up at a friend's place and sleeping on a couch.

Identify a theory and apply it

Environmental Theory by Nightingale

According to Florence Nightingale's Environmental Concept, nursing is described as "the act of using the client's environment to aid him in his healing process." A nurse's intervention to set up environmental settings suitable for the progressive recovery of the patient's condition and that  external  forces  affiliated with the  client's  environs impact the  client's life, as well  as his progression,  are  essential  components  of  this  process.   In her  writings,  Florence  Nightingale asserted  that  nursing  "should  signify  the  appropriate  use  of  fresh  air,  warmth,  light,  quiet, cleanliness, and the appropriate choice and administering of diet, all done to cause the client the least possible loss of vital strength." It was in her declaration that she mirrored the art of nursing. The art of nursing, as it is currently practiced, appears explicitly constituted to destroy what God had created disease to be," which she defined as "a reparative process." in terms of environment, Nightingale highlights the physical environs whereby she mirrors a public health framework whereby all that surrounds people is regarded concerning the health status (Mughal & Ali, 2017). According  to Nightingale,  in terms  of  bed  and bedding,  an individual  in  good health breathes out approximately  three pints of moisture via the skin and lungs throughout a 24-hour period. Organic material finds its way into the sheets and remains there unless the bedding is changed and ventilated regularly. She assumed that the bed should be positioned in the brightest area of the room, close to a window so that the client could see out of it while sleeping. She also did remind the caretaker not to lean against, sit on, or shake the patient's bed needlessly, as this could cause injury. In terms of personal hygiene, similarly, just as it is worth replacing the air around a sick individual regularly to transport morbid effluvia from the skin and lungs, by trying to maintain free air circulation, it is also essential to keep skin pores free of all  obstructing excrements (Mughal & Ali, 2017). In this scenario, the environment of the patient is not conducive to recovery. For instance, he is presently sleeping on the couch in his friend's apartment. He is extremely thin, dejected, and untidy in appearance.

How a nurse practitioner can promote social justice

Due to a significant shortage of primary care doctors in rural areas, inhabitants in these areas frequently have restricted access to primary care doctors. In rural areas, APRN's who have complete autonomy in their practice, like inpatient diagnosis and medication prescriptions, can improve access to health and care outcomes for their patients (Browne & Tarlier, 2018).

According to a recent study released in Health Affairs, 25 % of Americans have two or many chronic ailments, like high blood pressure and diabetes. The management of these diseases, on the other hand, is disorganized and accounts for approximately 75% of total health­ care spending. A patient-centered method to care by APNs, like adult-geriatric nurse practitioners (AGNP), can help patients with multiple diseases minimize their medical expenses and enhance the health of those suffering from those illnesses (Browne & Tarlier, 2018).

Identify what screening tests/procedures you would recommend