Introduction

Covid-19 pandemic has hit the world as countries, and the World Health Organization never thought. It is effects can be told by every individual around the globe. Covid-19 is a new disease that is caused by the Coronavirus. Covid-19 is mainly spread through contact with a person who is already infected and surfaces touched with infected individuals. It can also be spread through respiratory droplets, especially if they land on another individual's mouth and nose membranes. Symptoms associated with individuals who have contracted the disease include cough, sore throat, fever, and headache. In severe cases, an individual who has Covid-19 may develop breathing difficulties, and it can lead to death if an individual is not taken to specialized treatment.

Since it was first reported, December 2019, it has claimed a million live globally, with more than fifty million reported cases and thirty-three million recoveries. The numbers prove that Covid-19 is a threat to human life. Moreover, the elderly have been the worst. The elderly have weaker immunity; thus, it affects them most when they contract the disease. The elderly may require intensive care or a ventilator when they have contracted the virus compared to young adults (Zhou, 2020). Individuals that have disregarded the World Health Organization protocols have exposed themselves to the danger of contracting the Coronavirus and even succumbing to the disease. This paper will discuss the Corona Virus, its impacts, and the prevention mention that people should prevent themselves from contracting the virus.

Body

Covid-19 was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan Province, China. Since then, the virus has spread to all parts of the globe. Most world countries are recording surging numbers of individuals that contract the disease each day. As the article advances, numbers are significantly increasing. However, the recoveries are much more than the fatalities (Cooper et al., 2020). When the numbers began rising, the World Health Organization and individual health departments established measures that would reduce infections throughout the globe. The WHO instituted measures such as wearing masks that could cover an individual mouth and nose, regular washing of hands with soap and running water, social distancing, and avoid touching services. These measures were critical in reducing the number of people that would contract the disease. Moreover, individual governments put strict measures that would ensure curbing the spread of the Coronavirus. Governments enacted lockdowns, curfews, banning social gatherings of all kinds, and sensitizing their citizens on the spread of the virus. These measures have been critical to maintaining the numbers that are witnessed; perhaps the numbers would be higher than those not put in place.

Secondly, Covid-19 affects all people, despite age, color, race, and gender. This literature review would: however, focus on older adults. The older people have been the worst affected individuals. People at advanced ages, especially 60 years and above, have been hospitalized, put into intensive care, ventilators to assist them in breathing, and some have succumbed to other age groups. The CDC records that in 100,000 people, 513 of those with 85 years and above are likely to be hospitalized and put in more care and a more significant percentage succumbs to the virus. When the age is raised to 60 years and above, more people would be hospitalized in a population of 100,000 people. The CDC further advances that individuals above the age of 60 are likely to be hospitalized and be vulnerable to the virus if they have underplaying medical conditions. Most individuals at 60 years and above have medical conditions, which work against them if they contract the Corona Virus (Spinelli et al., 2020). Also, older people have weakened immunity: their antibodies cannot effectively defend them from the virus, making them vulnerable. Most of the people who have succumbed to the virus are the elderly, making almost 40 percent.  Therefore, the elderly are the most vulnerable age group in an instance that they contract the virus.

Moreover, several people have contracted the virus, and some have succumbed. For instance, more than fifty million people have contracted the virus, and the number increases each day as new cases are recorded. Globally, million-plus cases have succumbed, and the number grows each day. Also, 33 million people have recovered from the virus. More than 10 million have contracted the virus in the United States, and 230 thousand plus people have succumbed to the virus. Even in the United States, the most affected individuals are the elderly, and the people of color have high contracting cases. Asia is the worst hit continent, with 14 million-plus people that have been infected. Europe and North America continents have recorded more than 12 million infected people in each continent. South America has recorded lo million-plus cases of individuals who have contracted the virus, and Africa has recorded one million-plus case. Forty percent of the recorded cases are 60 years and above, and this shows that the elderly are most affected, and their death rates are high compared to the other ages (Boehmer et al., 2020).

Furthermore, initiatives have been put forth to deal with the spreading of the virus. The government initiated initiatives and WHO initiatives that have been working hand in hand. The World Health Organization has put measures such as wearing masks to help prevent the virus's spread. Masks help prevent individuals from contracting the virus through the mouth and noses in public spaces. The mask prevents particles that carry the virus from corning into contact with the nose and mouth. Washing of hands is another initiative that governments and other organizations have put up. Governments and non-governmental organizations have put up washing points across the globe. Washing of hands requires running water and soap.

Governments have also encouraged their populations to keep a distance of 1.5 to 2 meters in public spaces (Xiao et al., 2020). Governments have also put measures, such as lockdowns and curfews, which have significantly helped curb the virus's spread. The elderly have been allowed by governments to work from home to cushioned from contracting the virus. Even after the partial opening of the economies, the elderly were exempted from attending social gatherings and resuming work; this is critical to prevent them from contracting the virus.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Covid-19 has affected individuals and disrupted them from their norm. People have been forced to stay indoors and are limited to attend social gatherings. There has been a global sensitization of Covid-19, and people are supposed to wear the mask, wash their hands regularly, keep social distance in public spaces, and avoid touching surfaces, especially in public spaces. The elderly have been the most hit due to their weakened immunity and prevailing health conditions. The elderly are people that have a higher likelihood of being hospitalized after contracting the virus.  Thus, it makes them the most vulnerable group. For the world to curb the virus's spread, it would be critical that governments enforce the lockdowns concurrently to fumigate public spaces and reduce infections significantly. Fumigation of public spaces should be done regularly so that the possibility of the virus surviving until the next person touches the surface is eliminated. Such moves would help to curb the spread of the virus.