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Please respond to these two people

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Please respond to these two people.

Student 1 :

Before taking this course, I did not know the importance that research has on nursing practice. Now, that I have studied the basics of nursing research I’m more educated on the importance how research improves the overall nursing care experience. Research is the foundation of evidence-based practice. It uses structure, relevance, and analytical methods of EBP to help nurses address complicated problems that arise in the field. EBP systematically help solve challenging questions so patients can remain safe and improve quality of life.

• Identify two concepts from research or EBP that you intend to apply to your nursing practice and why.

The two concepts I plan on utilizing are from the research designs and settings. I was drawn to the experimental/ descriptive designs with a naturalistic setting. I would use these two concepts because I believe true evidence comes from how society functions normally without any manipulation to the study. Studying these concepts, enlighten me because this design had little to no bias, no manipulation and the researcher can insert themselves into the study. In my opinion, I believe a true prediction of evidence is to study society as natural as possible.

Student 2:

This course is relevant to nursing practice because it emphasizes how we can use research to improve patient care and to determine what the most effective practice is. It allows nurses to stay up to date with current information to better our practice and to keep our patients safe and as satisfied as possible. Additionally, nursing research helps us correct previous misunderstandings or shortcomings and implement new and improved treatment protocols.

A concept I intend to apply to my nursing practice is keeping a consistent approach to evidence-based practice to provide the best quality care to my patients. One way to do this is to stay up to date on systematic reviews of the health topic I am interested in to understand the best research evidence available to answer my questions. Another concept I intend to apply to my nursing practice is addressing recurring clinical issues by forming a PICOT question. By using the skills learned in this class on how to construct a PICOT question, components of the clinical issue will be identified and should guide the search for evidence. As we know by now, a well-built PICOT question increases the likelihood of finding the best evidence quickly and efficiently, which will benefit our future nursing practice.Recommendations Guidelines for formulating a PICO statement in Evidenced Based Practice Evidence-based medicine and clinical guidelines were explored from MSD MANUAL professional version. The guidelines were recently modified in May 2021 by Brian F. Mandell as which are as follow (Mandell, 2021). Formulate a clinical question to conduct research. Evidence gathering to support the formulated question. Evaluation of the evidence by the quality and validity of research conducted. Interventions to make the evidence applicable to a patient. The professionals should adhere to protocols and instructions to attain a safer zone for practice. Nursing staff should not deprive of resources as it results in suboptimal intensive care to the patient. Structured communication and central decision-making abilities should be strong enough to help mothers cope with emotional and situational stress. Nursing professionals should utilize appropriate techniques to educate mothers about the termination of a drug or therapy. Uncertainty about their clinical judgments and job strain results in intra-team conflicts and creates an alarming situation for their practice. So professionals should be settled enough with their expertise. REFERENCES RACIAL/ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN STRESS, COPING, AND DISTRESS AMONG MOTHERS WITH A CHILD IN THE ICU Angelini, C. R., Pacagnella, R. C., Parpinelli, M. A., Silveira, C., Andreucci, C. B., Ferreira, E. C., . . . Cecatti, J. G. (2018). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and severe maternal morbidity: is there an association? Clinics, 73. Mandell, B. F. (2021). Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Guidelines. Retrieved July 30, 2021, from https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/special-subjects/clinical-decisionmaking/evidence-based-medicine-and-clinical-guidelines Ramos, F. P., Enumo, S. R. F., & Paula, K. M. P. d. J. P. (2017). Maternal Coping with Baby Hospitalization at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit 1. 27, 1019. Youngblut, J. M., Brooten, D., Glaze, J., Promise, T., & Yoo, C. (2017). Parent grief 1–13 months after death in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 22(1), 77-96. Evidence Based Practice PICO(T) QUESTION In mothers of children (P), what is the effect does stress have (I) on women with children admitted into the hospital (O) compared with different women of racial/ ethnic background PICO(T) STATEMENT (C) within a week (T)? evident part of modern research. It is entirely based on the formulation of the PICO(T) statement regarding research of new questions. PICO(T) statement is a mnemonic used to formulate a research MORBIDITY WITH PTSD Previous maternal morbidity was not associated with PTSD until the next 5 years. Low parity increased the risk of PTSD by 2.5 folds. Increased age factor was associated with an increased risk of PTSD. (Angelini et al., 2018) major components each describing a step EFFECT OF MORTALITY IN NEWBORNS guide towards research. WITH STRESS AFFECTING PARENTS P population/ patient or problem Mothers were more severely affected by PTSD at the I intervention demise of their children. (Youngblut, Brooten, Glaze, O outcome/ diagnosis therapy T time The longer the infants were hospitalized, the more the mothers were able to cope Some mothers were more vulnerable to stress and demand more psychosocial attention. Mothers with more than one child or a paid job were severely stressed due to the burden of tasks and concerns. More adaptive responses were observed with emotions mediated by religious beliefs. (Ramos, Enumo, & Paula, 2017). question. This mnemonic consists of four C comparison FACTS OBTAINED FROM THE STUDY ARE AS FOLLOW with the situation adaptively. RELATION OF SEVERE MATERNAL Evidence-based practice is the most How do mothers cope with the stress of their babies at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit? Promise, & Yoo, 2017) Mothers took 3 to 13 months to cope with the stress. Fathers took 3 to 6 months to move out of the grief of child death. Recommendations Guidelines for formulating a PICO statement in Evidenced Based Practice Evidence-based medicine and clinical guidelines were explored from MSD MANUAL professional version. The guidelines were recently modified in May 2021 by Brian F. Mandell as which are as follow (Mandell, 2021). Formulate a clinical question to conduct research. Evidence gathering to support the formulated question. Evaluation of the evidence by the quality and validity of research conducted. Interventions to make the evidence applicable to a patient. The professionals should adhere to protocols and instructions to attain a safer zone for practice. Nursing staff should not deprive of resources as it results in suboptimal intensive care to the patient. Structured communication and central decision-making abilities should be strong enough to help mothers cope with emotional and situational stress. Nursing professionals should utilize appropriate techniques to educate mothers about the termination of a drug or therapy. Uncertainty about their clinical judgments and job strain results in intra-team conflicts and creates an alarming situation for their practice. So professionals should be settled enough with their expertise. REFERENCES RACIAL/ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN STRESS, COPING, AND DISTRESS AMONG MOTHERS WITH A CHILD IN THE ICU Angelini, C. R., Pacagnella, R. C., Parpinelli, M. A., Silveira, C., Andreucci, C. B., Ferreira, E. C., . . . Cecatti, J. G. (2018). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and severe maternal morbidity: is there an association? Clinics, 73. Mandell, B. F. (2021). Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Guidelines. Retrieved July 30, 2021, from https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/special-subjects/clinical-decisionmaking/evidence-based-medicine-and-clinical-guidelines Ramos, F. P., Enumo, S. R. F., & Paula, K. M. P. d. J. P. (2017). Maternal Coping with Baby Hospitalization at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit 1. 27, 1019. Youngblut, J. M., Brooten, D., Glaze, J., Promise, T., & Yoo, C. (2017). Parent grief 1–13 months after death in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 22(1), 77-96. Evidence Based Practice PICO(T) QUESTION In mothers of children (P), what is the effect does stress have (I) on women with children admitted into the hospital (O) compared with different women of racial/ ethnic background PICO(T) STATEMENT (C) within a week (T)? evident part of modern research. It is entirely based on the formulation of the PICO(T) statement regarding research of new questions. PICO(T) statement is a mnemonic used to formulate a research MORBIDITY WITH PTSD Previous maternal morbidity was not associated with PTSD until the next 5 years. Low parity increased the risk of PTSD by 2.5 folds. Increased age factor was associated with an increased risk of PTSD. (Angelini et al., 2018) major components each describing a step EFFECT OF MORTALITY IN NEWBORNS guide towards research. WITH STRESS AFFECTING PARENTS P population/ patient or problem Mothers were more severely affected by PTSD at the I intervention demise of their children. (Youngblut, Brooten, Glaze, O outcome/ diagnosis therapy T time The longer the infants were hospitalized, the more the mothers were able to cope Some mothers were more vulnerable to stress and demand more psychosocial attention. Mothers with more than one child or a paid job were severely stressed due to the burden of tasks and concerns. More adaptive responses were observed with emotions mediated by religious beliefs. (Ramos, Enumo, & Paula, 2017). question. This mnemonic consists of four C comparison FACTS OBTAINED FROM THE STUDY ARE AS FOLLOW with the situation adaptively. RELATION OF SEVERE MATERNAL Evidence-based practice is the most How do mothers cope with the stress of their babies at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit? Promise, & Yoo, 2017) Mothers took 3 to 13 months to cope with the stress. Fathers took 3 to 6 months to move out of the grief of child death. HAND HYGIENE AND HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS By: Sonia Puente PICO QUESTIO N “In hospital nurses, are alcohol-based solutions more effective or less effective than handwashing in reducing hospital-acquired infections?” CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION • As of 2018, 1 in 31 hospitalized patients acquired a hospitalacquired infection (HAI) • • (Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, 2018) The 2020 National Acute Care HAI metrics shows progress has been made in decreasing HAI’s • • (Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, 2020) The CDC claims using 60% alcohol-based solution is more effective than handwashing with soap and water • (Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, 2021) This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA STUDY BY KARAOGLU & AKIN, 2018 • Knowledge regarding hand hygiene significantly increased post-training compared to the scores taken pre-training. • There was a significant increase in hand hygiene compliance by nurses post-training compared to pre-training, but compliance rates still showed need for improvement. • In the post-training period, nurses were observed using handwashing or alcoholbased solutions according to the correct guidelines only 26% of the time. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-ND GUIDELINES ON HEALTH HYGIENE IN HEALTHCARE (WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, 2019) • Using 60-80% alcohol-based solution is more effective in killing bacteria than using antiseptic detergents or plain soap when hands are not visibly soiled. • A reason for non-compliance of hand hygiene was because of skin reactions, most commonly dermatitis. Once a moisture containing agent was added to the alcohol-based solution, nurses were more accepting of using it. • Sinks, soap, and alcohol-based solution dispensers should be placed in locations to promote hand hygiene at the point of care to promote maximum compliance among healthcare workers. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND STUDY BY YOUSEF, ET AL., 2020 • Creating a culture of safety in the healthcare setting increased the rate of hand hygiene compliance. A nursing leader on each unit served as a role model for other nurses and worked part of their shift for them if they needed to attend hand hygiene trainings. These efforts worked towards reaching maximum compliance in using hand hygiene to reduce hospital-acquired infections. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PRACTICE • Hospitals and other healthcare establishments should provide regular training sessions on hand hygiene practices according to the guidelines (Yousef, et al., 2020). • A nursing leader for each unit would be helpful in serving as a role model for other nurses (Yousef, et al., 2020). • Creating a safe environment where units are awarded monthly for not having any cases of HAI’s or have shown a decrease in cases compared to the previous month. Holding challenges with an incentive will motivate healthcare workers to be more compliant in their hand hygiene practice (Yousef, et al., 2020). This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC REFERENCES • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018, October 5). HAI data. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/index.html • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, December 2). Current hai progress report. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.cdc.gov/hai/ data/portal/progress-report.html • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, January 8). Hand hygiene in healthcare settings. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https:// www.cdc.gov/handhygiene/providers/index.html • Karaoglu, M. K., & Akin, S. (2018). Effectiveness of hygienic hand washing training on hand washing practices and knowledge: a nonrandomized quasi-experimental design. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 49(8), 360–371. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uta.edu/10.3928/00220124-20180718-07 • World Health Organization. (2009). Who guidelines on hand hygiene in health care: a summary. WHO Press. https://www.who.int/gpsc/5may/tools/who_guidelineshandhygiene_summary.pdf • Yousef, R. H. A., Salem, M. R., & Mahmoud, A. T. (2020). Impact of implementation of a modified world health organization multimodal hand hygiene strategy in a university teaching hospital. American Journal of Infection Control, 48(3), 249–254. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uta.edu/10.1016/j.ajic.2019.07.019