Homework answers / question archive / Northern Arizona University BIO 181 Quiz 2 1)In order for a prokaryote cell to divide, which of the following must occur? a

Northern Arizona University BIO 181 Quiz 2 1)In order for a prokaryote cell to divide, which of the following must occur? a

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Northern Arizona University

BIO 181

Quiz 2

1)In order for a prokaryote cell to divide, which of the following must occur? a. A reproductive signal. DNA replication, segregation of DNA and cytokinesis b DNA replication, crossing over, and segregation of DNA

c.             DNA replication and segregation of DNA

d.            Cell growth and cytokinesis

e.            Transcription and translation leading to spindle reduction and cell growth

2.            Which of the following is true for mitosis?

a.            the chromosome # in the resulting cells is halved

b.            DNA replication I completed in prophase

c.             crossing over occurs during prophase

d.            Two genetically identical nuclei cells are formed

e.            it consists of two nuclear divisions

2.            Which of the following phases of the cell cycle are part of interpahse?

a.            anaphase

b.            telophase c. G2

d. Metaphase

e. none of the above

3.            Mitosis is the process of chromosomes separation. Cytoplasm is divided between the two daughter cells in a process known as:

a.            karyokinesis

b.            cytokinesis

c.             cleavage

d.            splitting

e.            none of the above

4.            Progression through the cells cycle is regulated by oscillations in the concentration of which type of molecular?

a.            actin

b.            tubulin

c.             CDK’s cyclin-dependent kinases

d.            Cyclins

e.            Lipids

5.            Sister chromatids are held together at the

a.            golgi body

b.            nuclear envelope c. centromere

 

d. ribosome

e. lysosome

6.            Nerve cells lose their ability to undergo mitosis. Instead, they are permanently stuck in

a.            G0

b.            G2

c.             S of interphase

d.            metaphase

e.            an activated state

 

 

7.            Mitotic Promoting Factor contains a pair of biochemicals called ? and ?

a.            actin; myosin b. Cdk’s, cyclin

c. ligand; recepor

d. MSH; MSH-receptor e ATP; ATPase

8.            A key step in passing through the G1 checkpoint is:

a.            destruction of ENF

b.            growth factors stimulating production of p53

c.             activation of Rb in E2F

d.            phosphorylation of RB by a cyclin Dependent kinase

e.            all the above

9.            Which of the following are proteins that acts as tumor suppressors?

a.            p53

b.            ligase

c.             cyclin dependent kinase

10.          If a double-stranded DNA molecule contains 22% C, it must contain ? % A

a.            22

b.            44 c. 28

11.          which of the following molecular models describes the structure of the DNA molecule?

a.            double-stranded and paralle

b.            single-stranded and anit-parallel

c.             Helical, double-stranded and antiparallel

12.          Double-stranded DNA looks a little like a ladder that has been twisted into a helix, or spiral. The side supports of the ladder are:

a.            individuals nitrogenous bases

b.            alternating bases and sugars

c.             alternating sugars and phosophates

 

13.          The antiparallel relationship of the 2 strands of DNA refers to the

a.            twisted configuration of the strands

b.            alternative branching pattern of the strands

c.             alignment of the strands, such that one strand starts with a 3’ carbon and the other starts with a 5’ carbon

 

14.          when nucleotides polymerize to form a nucleic acid       

a.            a phosphodiester bond forms between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of a second

b.            a hydrogen bond forms between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the 2nd

c.             a covalent bond forms.

15.          Which of the following nitrogenous bases is found in RNA, but not DNA?

a.            Thymine

b.            Adenine c. Uracil

16.          In the mismatch repair process:

a.            helicase inserts the correct base in the lagging strand

b.            primase adds thymidine to the 5’ end of the growing strand

c.             enzyme complexes replace bases that were incorrectly inserted into the newly synthesized DNA strand

17.          At the end of DNA replication, two DNA molecules are produced, each one consisting of a parental DNA strand and a new DNA strand. This process is known as:

a.            semiconservative replication

b.            conservative replication

c.             dispersive replication

18.          During DNA replication:

a. one template strand must be degraded to allow the other strand to be copied b. the template strands must separate so that both can be copied

19.          In a growing DNA strand, each monomer is added to which carbon of the deoxyribose?

1. 1’

2. 2’

3. 3’

20.          the enzyme that restores the phosphodiester linkage btwn adjacent fragments in the lagging strand during DNA replication is:

a.            DNA ligase

b.            Primase

c.             Helicase

21.          The primary function of DNA polymerase is to

a.            add nucleotides to the following daughter strand

 

b.            seals nicks along the sugar-phosphate backbone of the daughter stand

c.             unwind the parent DNA double helix.

22.          The lagging daughter strand of DNA is synthesized in what appears to be the “wrong” direction. This synthesis is accomplished by?

a.            synthesizing short Okazaki fragements in a 5’ to 3’ direction

b.            synthesizing multiple short RNA primers to initiate DNA replication

c.             using DNA polymerase I to remove RNA primers from Okazakis fragements

d.            all the above

23.          which of the following statements about DNA replication is FALSE?

a.            Okazaki fragments are synthesized as part of the leading strand

b.            replication forks represent areas of active DNA synthesis on the chromosomes

c.             error rates for DNA replication are often less than one in every billion base pairings

24.          In many eukaryotes, there are repetitive sequences at the ends of chromosomes called telomeres. After successive rounds of DNA replication, the ? strand becomes shorter.

In some cells, an enzyme called ? repairs the shortened strand.

a.            lagging, telomerase

b.            leading, DNA polymerase pol I

c.             leading; replicase

25.          the central dogma of molecular biolgy states that ? is transcribed into ?, which is translated into ?

a.            genes, polypetides, gene product

b.            protein; DNA; RNA

c.             DNA; RNA; protein

26.          An alien ship lands in flagstaff. The aliens are friendly and have DNA structure That is similar to our own and contains 4 bases. However, the aliens have proteins

That are made up of 100 amino acids. What is the smallest # of nucleotides that can be in codon for this species.

a.            2

b.            3

c.             4

 

 

 

 

27.          According to the table and figure above, which enzyme is defective in the strain with the

 

“A” mutation?

a.            Enzyme 1

b.            Enzyme 2

c.             Enzyme 3

28.          A mutation that results in the codon UAG where there has been UGG is

a.            a nonsense mutation

b.            a missense mutation

c.             a frame-shift mutation

29.          A mutation that results in the codon CCA where there had been CCG is

a.            nonsense mutation

b.            a missense mutation

c.             a silent mutation

 

 

30.          31.

the bottom half of this DNA sequence would be transcribed as?

a.            AAT AAC TTT CAG TAA CCG GTA

b.            AAU AAC UUU CAG CCG GUA

c.             AUG GCC AAU GAC UU CAA UAA

31.          the amino acid sequence would be translated is (using ^)?

a.            Methionine Alanin Asparagine Aspatic acid Phenylalanine Glutamine Stop

b.            Glutamine Asparagine Aspatic acid Phenylalanine Glutamine Stop

c.             Tyrosine Alanin Asparagine Aspatic acid Phenylalanine Glutamine Stop

32.          In eukaryotic cells, transcription occurs in the ? while translation occurs on ? that are located in the ?

a.            cytosol, ribsomes, nucleus

b.            ribsomes, nucleoids cytosol

c.             nucleus, ribosomes, cytsol

 

33.          the “promorter” is found

a.            on proteins

b.            on carbohydrates

c.             on lipids

d.            on DNA

34.          in prokaryotes the region of DNA to which the Sigma subunt of the RNA polymerase “holoenzyme” binds most tightly in the

a.            promoter

b.            poly C center

c.             enhancer

 

35.          the link between mRNA and a protein is

a.            tRNA

b.            a promoeter

c.             start codon

36.          in eukaryotic cells, the proteins that function in an analogous manner to Sigma ink prokaryotes by adding specificity to polymerase-dependent RNA synthesis

are known as

a.            transcription factors

b.            gene terminators

c.             stabilizers

37.          Put the following events of elongation in prokaryotic translation in chorological order

1.            Binding of mRNA w/ small ribosomal subunit

2.            Recognition of initiation codon

3.            Complementary base pairing btwn initiator codon & anticodon of initiator tRNA

4.            Base pairing of the mRNA codon following the intiator codon w/ its Complementary tRNA

5.            Attachment of the large subunit

a.            1,2,3,4,5

b.            2, 1 5, 4,3

c.             1, 2, 3,5, 4

39.          during translation initiation, the first site occupied by a charged tRNA is the

a.            A site

b.            B site

c.             P site

 

40.          the mRNA is smaller in than the length of the DNA that codes for it because..

a.            in eukaryotic cells, the intones of the gene are not transcribed

b.            after transcription the introns are removed by a complex known as a “Splicesome”

41.          the characteristic of DNA that allows it to make an exact cops of itself is its

a.            sugar-phosphate backbone

b.            complementary base pairing

42.          the molecules that make up a chromosome are ? and ?

a.            DNA; RNA

b.            Proteins; lipids

43.          which of the following is true for both phospholipids and triglycerides?

a.            they both contain a phosphate group

b.            they are both part of DNA

44.          fish such as Atlantic Salmon live in very cold water. One way in which they maintain fluidity in their plasma is by:

a.            replacing unsaturated fatty acids with saturated fatty acids in their phospholipids

 

b.            replacing saturated fatty acids w/ unsaturated fatty acids in their phospholipids

45.          the “powerhouse” of the cell is?

a.            endoplasmic reticulum

b.            mitochondria

46.          A prokaryotic cell does not have:

a.            nucleus

b.            DNA

47.          of the following atomic configurations, the one that has an atomic mass of 20 in the atoms w/

a. 20 protons, 20 neutrons, 20 electrons b. 10 protons, 10 electrons, 10 neutrons

48.          during chemical reactions

a. the protons of atoms interact b. the electrons of atoms interact

49.          the sodium-potassium pumps

a.            require energy in the form of ATP

b.            works against an electrochemical gradient

c.             is a form of active transport d. all the above

50.          which of the following will spontaneously form bilayers in an aqueous environment?

a.            fatty acids

b.            phospholipids