Homework answers / question archive / Auburn University BIOLOGY 3040 Chapter 5 1)What must an animal’s response to the environment achieve for it to be effective? – Response to the environment can be via adjustments to:   An osmoconformer is an organism that allows its internal salt concentrations to follow the salt concentrations outside of the body – A fish that has a very limited amount of food has much less scope for growth than the same fish under stressful conditions (such as elevated temperature) – An animal with large aerobic scope will be _________ able to respond to stressors in the environment that would increase the basal oxygen uptake, such as would occur with elevated temperature

Auburn University BIOLOGY 3040 Chapter 5 1)What must an animal’s response to the environment achieve for it to be effective? – Response to the environment can be via adjustments to:   An osmoconformer is an organism that allows its internal salt concentrations to follow the salt concentrations outside of the body – A fish that has a very limited amount of food has much less scope for growth than the same fish under stressful conditions (such as elevated temperature) – An animal with large aerobic scope will be _________ able to respond to stressors in the environment that would increase the basal oxygen uptake, such as would occur with elevated temperature

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3. An osmoconformer is an organism that allows its internal salt concentrations to follow the salt concentrations outside of the body –
4. A fish that has a very limited amount of food has much less scope for growth than the same fish under

stressful conditions (such as elevated temperature) –

5. An animal with large aerobic scope will be _________ able to respond to stressors in the environment that would increase the basal oxygen uptake, such as would occur with elevated temperature.
6. Poikilotherms have an advantage over homeotherms. What is it? –

 

7. At the thermal optimum for a poikilotherm, there would be relatively low rise in metabolic rate around that temp. value –
8. What would happen to a winter acclimated animal if the temperature suddenly increased? –
9. Homeotherms use countercurrent heat exchangers to –
10. Tuna and Marlin use high temp., specialized tissues to maintain above ambient temps for certain key tissues such as brain and some muscles in order to maintain high efficiency and ability to swim fast for extended periods. –
11. Damage to cells can be repaired by the activity of so called heat shock proteins, which are involved in

rebuilding damaged proteins such as enzymes when extreme heat or other types of damage are sustained. –

12. Cell membranes are highly fluid, as demonstrated in 1970 by Fyre and Edidin. The key characteristic of

their work was what they showed that the fluidity of membranes is dictated by the physical chemistry of the lipids, not be up or down regulation of gene products –

13. The coccolithophore E. huxlyii secretes a relatively large platelet structure that is nearly as big as the cell

itself, through the endomembrane/secretion system –

14. Changes in environmental temperature can have many effects. What are the likely effects of extended temp change on an organism? –
15. Some fish do not use heat shock proteins to adjust to extremes in temp. For instance, icefish have antifreeze

proteins in their blood –

16. During osmosis, water flows down the concentration gradient of solute-bound water. –
17. Some animals, such as crabs, are able to adjust to changes in salinity above or below a certain value. These animals adjust the pumping of sodium in order to do so. –
18. Marine fish have to maintain constant osmotic conditions in their bodies at about 1/3 of sea water. They do

this by excreting sodium and chloride across their gills and by sending magnesium and sulfate out through the urine –

19. The Bohr effect describes the effects of lowered pH on enzyme or carrier molecule (ex: hemoglobin)

function. –

20. Countercurrent exchange ensures sufficient oxygen uptake in the gills of crabs –