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Two Faces of Creation in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein

Categories: Greek Mythology

  • Words: 3221

Published: Jul 13, 2024

Deities are present throughout literature with influences from Christianity, Judaism, Greek, and Roman Mythology. The idea of a higher power watching over people is a comfort to some but, to others, a burden. Literary interpretations of deity express both these views and more. How the deity approaches man or its creation influences these interpretations. Creation is born of ignorance and will mold itself to fit the ideas of its creator. This idea is seen in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein when Victor Frankenstein approaches his creation with hatred and disdain, causing the creature to pursue a path of rebellion and destruction. If Frankenstein had shown his creature kindness and love, the creature would not have caused the deaths of those Victor loved. Mary Shelley's use of allusions in Frankenstein creates the idea that a creator has two sides; one of kindness while the other of hatred and punishment. The side the creator chooses to approach their creation predetermines the destiny of the creature.

When a creator approaches their creation with kindness, the creature will live a life of happiness and redemption. A creator will never prevent their creations from committing sin or making mistakes because everything has free will. However, a creator will guide their creations when they make a mistake and punish them. The sins of the creature will never go without punishment. The side the creator chooses to approach their creation determines the severity of punishment and the prospect of redemption. God shows love and mercy to Adam and Eve when they eat the fruit of the forbidden tree. When Adam and Eve sin, in John Milton's Paradise Lost,  they approach God and beg for forgiveness. God grants them redemption but still punishes them by forcing them to leave the Garden and become more distant from God. God granting them this forgiveness acts as a proclamation for all of man that when they sin and come seeking forgiveness, it will be granted, which appears in Samuel Coleridge's "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner." The Mariner also sins when he kills the albatross with his crossbow (Coleridge81-82). By killing the albatross, he unleashes the wrath of God, which shows through the sea becoming silent and the breeze stops. They are stuck on the sea of water with not "any drop to drink" (Coleridge, 122). The Mariner is the only one out of the crew to survive and feels guilty and regrets what he did. God punishes the Mariner for what he causes by forcing him to remain in the silence of the sea, alone with nothing but his thoughts of guilt until he finally makes peace with nature for taking the life of one of their own. The redemption price is that the Mariner must travel around the world and tell those he deems the story of his ordeal. By punishing the Mariner and granting him redemption, the relationship between God and him became closer. Showing creatures forgiveness and kindness when they do wrong has a positive effect on the creature's life. In this case, it allows the Mariner to become a Prophet of God and allows him to spread God's teaching all over. Even though the Mariner is not that fond of this arrangement, he knows that it is necessary to reconcile the crimes he has committed, so he does the deed without complaint. Paradise Lost and The Rime of the Ancient Rime are both alluded to in "Frankenstein" as a way of arguing that if Victor showed his creature the same kindness that Adam and Eve and the Mariner were shown that he would not have committed the acts of violence that caused the deaths of Frankenstein’s loved one. The creature was ignorant towards his appearance and how humanity views his deformities and would not know of such a thing if he was not subjected to the wrath of society alone. Frankenstein wanted to create a race of his own that would love and be gracious toward him (M. Shelley 49). However, creators only obtain the love of their creatures when they give their love first, which is why the imagined relationship between Victor and his creation never came to be.

By the creator neglecting to provide kindness and approaching their creature with hatred and punishment, the creature will pursue a path of rebellion and cause destruction to the life of their creator. The creature in Frankenstein thought of himself as Adam because he is created with "no link to any other being in existence" (M. Shelley 132). He was alone with the only knowledge of his creator being from Frankenstein 's journal , which held the details of how horrid Victor believes his creature to be. When the creature learns of his creator's thoughts, he feels less like Adam and more like Satan being cast out of Heaven and out of his creator's life. Satan believes that God is a tyrant and has too much power, so he starts a rebellion with the assistance of other angels drawn in by Satan's charisma. Satan and the angels are banished to Hell, where Satan resides as the ruler. Satan's anger grew not only because of his banishment but also after witnessing God show kindness and love toward his new creations, Adam and Eve. Satan wants to destroy Adam and Eve to bring God pain, just as Victor's creature wants to kill Elizabeth on Victor and her wedding night to bring his creator pain (M. Shelley 172). Satan and Frankenstein's creatures have the mindset that if they cannot obtain their creator's love, then no one can. Satan plans to convince Eve, who then convinces Adam to take a bite of the forbidden tree's fruit so God would have to lose his creations and be in pain. His plan works, and Adam and Eve are banished from the Garden. A creator who shows their creature nothing but punishment and hatred will experience the destruction of the things they love most. Victor experiences this when the monster kills his wife Elizabeth, which indirectly causes his father's death. Victor loses loved ones to the hands of his creation that all he is left with is the feeling of revenge (M. Shelley 206).

Victor and God both punish their creatures for what they have done; however, Victor merely attempts, but God completes his punishment. Creators are vengeful when their creations rebel, as seen in the story of Prometheus. What is different about Prometheus' story is that Prometheus rebels against Jupiter to help humanity, not destroy it. Jupiter is outraged that Prometheus went against his orders, so he plans to punish humanity to hurt Prometheus. Jupiter does so by creating and sending down Pandora, a beautiful lady who holds a mysterious box that she is not supposed to open, to Prometheus and his brother Epimetheus. Pandora has one fatal flaw; her curiosity.

Her curiosity gets the better of her, and she opens the box and unleashes diseases, and cares about the world. Jupiter's revenge is now complete and has now weakened humanity to maintain his power. Creator, good and evil alike, will punish those who defy them. However, the severity of the punishment depends on which side the creator presents toward their creation, the kind or the wicked.

A creator who is indifferent toward their creation leads to the creature feeling uncertain about their identity and purpose in life. Frankenstein's creature's ignorance is its greatest asset but also its greatest enemy. When the creature leaves the laboratory, he knows nothing about the world or himself. His actions are that of a child just learning about the world. The creature is confused; he has never experienced light, thirst, hunger, or darkness before (M. Shelley 105).

The creature has no guidance and no idea of his identity. The creature eventually makes his way to the cottagers who fascinate him. He observes them and their daily events, which further his questions about himself. He sees how the cottagers are a family and wonders why he was left alone and "what was [he]?" (M. Shelley 123). He has no recollection of a time before he was in the woods. He has no memories of ever having anyone. By observing the cottagers, he began to learn about the world and the idea of a creator. He begins to wonder where his creator is. He wonders why his creator abandons him if he had put effort into creating him. The creature becomes increasingly aware of his appearance and wonders if his purpose in life was to be ugly and alone. Creators should always make themselves known to their creations to give them purpose and protect them from uncertainty and sadness from feeling like they do not belong anywhere. However, not knowing a creator might allow life to become more endurable. Percey Shelley's "Mutability" shows that living life, day to day, and knowing that they all could die at any moment is comforting. Since they know they will all die one day, they live their lives to the fullest and do not worry about each day's events because they are always changing, and there is nothing they can do about it (P. Shelley IV). Individuals know their purpose is only to live life as they want, but that can leave room for trouble. A person could follow down the wrong path and lead to them ruining their entire life. A creator always needs to be present in a creature's life because, without one, nothing is stopping the world's cruelties from taking control.

Frankenstein's monster is subjected to these cruelties alone, which causes him to change from a creature of innocence and love to one of violent hate. Creatures need a creator to help them prevail against the world's cruelties, so they do not fall prey to its violence.

Creators have two sides; one of kindness while the other of hatred and punishment. The side the creator chooses to approach their creation predetermines the destiny of the creature.

When a creator approaches their creation with kindness, the creature will live a life of happiness and redemption. By the creator neglecting to provide kindness and approaching their creature with hatred and punishment, the creature will pursue a path of rebellion and cause destruction in the life of their creator. A creator who is indifferent toward their creation leads to the creature feeling uncertain about their identity and purpose in life. Creators should always be involved in their creatures' lives to provide guidance; however, this should stem from kindness and not hatred.

Works Cited

  • Coleridge, Samuel. "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner." Lyrical Ballads, 1798. Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. Reader's Library Classics. 1818.
  • Shelley, Percey. "Mutability" 1816.

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