Louisiana State University - HIST 2055

Chapter 17 The War of the Union

TRUE/FALSE

1)In his first inaugural address, President Lincoln said: “I am loath to close. We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection.”

2. Four states joined the Confederacy after President Lincoln called on the loyal states to supply an army to put down the southern rebellion.

3. The mountainous region of Tennessee was among the most pro-Confederate areas in the South.

4. The Confederate ship Virginia was able to break the Union blockade.

5. Opposition to the draft provoked a week-long riot in New York City.

6. The Battle of Antietam marked the bloodiest single day of the Civil War.

7. For many American women, the Civil War was a liberating experience that marked a significant change in their status.

8. With the absence of southern congressmen during the war, Republicans passed an act granting citizen- ship to African Americans.

9. Copperheads were members of the extreme fringe of the peace wing of the Democratic party.

10. Bull Run (Manassas) is in Virginia.

11. Several of Lincoln’s cabinet members had been his rivals for the presidency.

12. Due to its superior resources, the North’s victory in the Civil War was guaranteed.

13. Union forces suffered defeat at Shiloh due to Grant’s heavy drinking.

14. Lincoln replaced McClellan as Union commander because McClellan was overly aggressive.

15. The paper money known as greenbacks issued by the U.S. Treasury during the war was not backed by gold or silver.

16. General Grant’s strategy was a war of attrition in which he would relentlessly attack the Confederates.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. In his inaugural speech, Lincoln:
   1. said the Union is eternal
   2. basically told the seceded states “good riddance”
   3. promised to abolish slavery
   4. called for military volunteers
   5. was angry and defiant toward the South

2. The Confederates were inspired to bombard Fort Sumter as a result of:
   1. Lincoln’s inaugural speech
   2. Lincoln’s decision to resupply it
   3. Lincoln’s invasion of Virginia
   4. Jefferson Davis’s aggressive mentality
   5. the threat it posed to the people of Charleston

3. All of the following were slave states that remained in the Union EXCEPT:
   1. Maryland
   2. Kentucky
   3. Tennessee
   4. Delaware
   5. Missouri

4. Robert E. Lee joined the Confederates because he:
   1. hated Lincoln

1. 2. was promised a lot of money
   3. had not been promoted in the U.S. Army
   4. was loyal to Virginia
   5. was asked by his friend Jefferson Davis

5. When the war started, the South:
   1. immediately attacked Washington, D.C.
   2. was guaranteed to lose
   3. was equal to the North in manpower if you count the slaves
   4. had no trained and experienced military leaders
   5. had the advantage of fighting a defensive war

6. At the beginning of the Civil War, the North:
   1. generated less farm production than the South
   2. had about the same extent of railroad development as the South
   3. produced almost 60 percent of the nation’s manufactures
   4. had an edge of about four to one in potential manpower
   5. had fewer ships and firearms than the South

7. After the fall of Fort Sumter, partisans on both sides hoped the war:
   1. would be a contest of bravery
   2. would bring new immigrants to the United States as workers
   3. would last a long time, thus helping the United States get out of its economic depression
   4. might end with one sudden bold stroke, the capture of Washington or the fall of Richmond
   5. would provoke French or British intervention

8. The first real battle of the war:
   1. was fought near Washington, D.C.
   2. was the Battle of Harpers Ferry
   3. was a victory for the Union forces
   4. resulted in the death of General Albert S. Johnston
   5. made both sides think victory would be quick and easy

9. At the First Battle of Bull Run:
   1. Union forces won easily
   2. Union forces almost captured Richmond
   3. Union industrial supremacy proved decisive
   4. Confederates showed greater courage
   5. Thomas Jackson earned his nickname

10. The Anaconda strategy:
    1. was General P. G. T. Beauregard’s strategy for southern victory
    2. was General U. S. Grant’s strategy for northern victory
    3. assumed a quick end to the war
    4. included, among other things, a blockade of the southern coast
    5. proposed to use biological warfare against the South

11. The fight between the Monitor and the Virginia was the first between:
    1. steamboats
    2. submarines
    3. battleships
    4. ironclads
    5. torpedo boats

12. Civil War soldiers:
    1. were strictly volunteers
    2. were not paid
    3. were sometimes drafted
    4. were unlikely to be killed
    5. fought for the same reasons

13. Anti-draft rioters in New York City especially targeted for their violence:
    1. military recruiters
    2. recently arrived immigrants
    3. southern sympathizers
    4. abolitionists
    5. African Americans

14. A legal option for draftees on either side who chose not to serve was to:
    1. hire a substitute
    2. leave the country
    3. volunteer for community service instead
    4. claim to be insane
    5. claim to be a pacifist

15. The Trent episode of late 1861:
    1. helped break the Union blockade
    2. brought the Confederacy French recognition
    3. greatly angered the British
    4. involved the capture of a Confederate vessel
    5. illustrated Confederate use of raiding ships

16. Most of the Confederacy’s diplomatic efforts were aimed at:
    1. Britain
    2. Egypt and India
    3. South America
    4. Spain
    5. China

17. Fighting along the Kansas-Missouri border:
    1. pitted Indian tribes against each other
    2. featured brutal guerrilla warfare
    3. produced the war’s highest casualties
    4. brought Grant to Lincoln’s attention
    5. gave Confederates control of the West

18. Fort Donelson:
    1. was the site of the most important battle in the eastern theater before 1864
    2. was an important Union fortification on the Great Lakes
    3. fell to Robert E. Lee in 1863
    4. fell to Ulysses S. Grant in 1862
    5. when captured, gave the Union full control of the Mississippi

19. McClellan’s peninsular campaign was intended to:
    1. show off his strategic genius
    2. inflict maximum casualties on the rebels
    3. impress Lincoln
    4. capture Richmond
    5. liberate the slaves

20. All of the following are true about the Battle of Antietam EXCEPT:
    1. Lee’s secret orders fell into the hands of the enemy
    2. it was the bloodiest single day of the war
    3. McClellan vigorously pursued the retreating Lee
    4. Lee hoped a victory would gain the Confederacy foreign recognition
    5. it inspired Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation

21. At Fredericksburg:
    1. Lee’s army took a bad beating
    2. Confederates used a great defensive position

1. 3. McClellan once again was the aggressor
   4. the Union captured a strategic Confederate city
   5. Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation

22. Which of the following statements best describes the Civil War at the end of 1862?
    1. Union troops had a definite edge in the East.
    2. Confederate troops had a definite edge in the West.
    3. After the decisive victories at Fredericksburg and Antietam, Union officers anticipated a quick end to the war.
    4. The war in the East was a virtual deadlock.
    5. The recruitment of black troops had given the North a huge advantag

23. Lincoln initially rejected a policy of emancipation:
    1. to keep the border states in the Union
    2. because the war was going so well
    3. because of his own racism
    4. because there was no money to compensate slave owners
    5. for fear of losing reelection

24. The Emancipation Proclamation:
    1. called for a slave uprising
    2. was justified as a military necessity
    3. hurt U.S. relations with Britain and France
    4. immediately freed every slave
    5. reflected Lincoln’s changing views on the morality of slavery

25. The 54th Massachusetts Regiment was:
    1. proof of how well black troops could fight
    2. wiped out at Fort Wagner
    3. the North’s best cavalry unit
    4. notorious for a high rate of desertions
    5. proof of how well black and white troops could fight together

26. By the end of the war, the number of blacks serving the Union:
    1. was small, because a federal law prohibited free Negroes from carrying firearms
    2. had been reduced by Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation
    3. was about 10 percent of the Union army’s total manpower
    4. was the major reason the North won the war
    5. was not very important, because black troops were not used in combat

27. Slavery was ultimately eradicated by:
    1. the Emancipation Proclamation
    2. Lee’s surrender
    3. the Thirteenth Amendment
    4. an act of Congress
    5. divine intervention

28. The greatest number of women who served in the war did so as:
    1. soldiers
    2. spies
    3. cooks
    4. nurses
    5. chaplains

29. All of the following are true of religion during the war EXCEPT:
    1. revivals swept both armies
    2. both sides claimed God’s favor
    3. African Americans saw the relevance of Exodus
    4. women became more active in churches
    5. Lincoln claimed to be certain of God’s purpose

30. Congress did all the following during the war EXCEPT:
    1. ban foreign immigration
    2. approve a transcontinental railroad
    3. raise tariff rates
    4. pass a Homestead Act
    5. establish land grant state colleges

31. The greenbacks issued by the U.S. Treasury:
    1. were backed by gold and silver
    2. caused runaway inflation
    3. depended upon public faith in the government
    4. paid the war’s entire cost
    5. were printed in a rainbow of colors

32. By late in the war, food in the Confederacy:
    1. was imported from England
    2. remained plentiful

1. 3. could not be purchased with paper money
   4. was outrageously expensive
   5. was limited to vegetables

33. To deal with disloyalty, Lincoln sometimes:
    1. had traitors shot
    2. postponed elections
    3. shut down the press
    4. suspended habeas corpus
    5. declared a temporary dictatorship

34. Lincoln’s major opponent in the 1864 election was:
    1. Clement Vallandigham
    2. Charles Sumner
    3. Andrew Johnson
    4. Stephen Douglas
    5. George McClellan

35. Jefferson Davis’s most vocal political opponents were:
    1. Confederate generals
    2. slave owners
    3. defenders of states’ rights
    4. ministers
    5. bankers and merchants

36. In addition to the huge number of soldier deaths in the war, an equally huge number of     also died.
    1. women
    2. animals
    3. children
    4. slaves
    5. war workers

37. At the Battle of Chancellorsville:
    1. the Union turned back a Confederate invasion
    2. Lee displayed his typical caution
    3. the Confederates lost Stonewall Jackson
    4. black troops turned the tide for the Union
    5. General Hooker delivered the big victory Lincoln had been seeking

38. The Battle of Gettysburg occurred in:
    1. Maryland
    2. Tennessee
    3. Virginia
    4. Pennsylvania
    5. North Carolina

39. On the third day at Gettysburg, General Pickett:
    1. was repulsed with terrible losses
    2. broke through the Union center
    3. captured the town of Gettysburg with its valuable supplies
    4. led the Confederate retreat
    5. was sent south to relieve Vicksburg

40. All of the following battles resulted in Confederate victories EXCEPT:
    1. Vicksburg
    2. First Bull Run
    3. Second Bull Run
    4. Chancellorsville
    5. Fredericksburg

41. As Union commander, Grant was best characterized by his:
    1. tactical caution
    2. alcoholism
    3. ability to train and inspire troops
    4. belief the war would be won in the West
    5. plan to relentlessly attack

42. At Petersburg:
    1. the Confederates finally had superior numbers
    2. Grant put the Confederates under siege
    3. the armies fought in a burning forest
    4. Lee received plentiful reinforcements
    5. a victory boosted Confederate morale

43. Hood’s attack at Franklin:
    1. led to his army’s slaughter
    2. forced Sherman to abandon Atlanta
    3. made him one of the South’s greatest heroes

1. 4. recaptured key rail lines
   5. restored Tennessee to Confederate control

44. More than any other general, William T. Sherman recognized:
    1. the connection between the South’s economy, its morale, and its ability to wage war
    2. the greatness of the Confederate army
    3. that the South would never unconditionally surrender
    4. the need to march through Georgia with respect for the Confederacy
    5. the need to kill masses of enemy civilians

45. Sherman’s army in its march to the sea:
    1. committed widespread rape and murder
    2. sought to break the enemy’s morale
    3. burned every dwelling in its path
    4. caused Sherman to later apologize for its behavior
    5. suffered terrible losses to combat and desertion

46. Lincoln’s second inaugural address:
    1. called for revenge on the South
    2. disappointed most his audience
    3. was a plea for reconciliation
    4. showed his indifference to religion
    5. declared the war was now over

47. At Appomattox Court House:
    1. Jefferson Davis was captured
    2. Joseph Johnston led his last attack against Sherman
    3. the last battle of the war took place
    4. most Confederate resistance ended
    5. the Confederates shifted to guerrilla warfare

48. The death toll in the Civil War was roughly: a.      1,000,000

b.   140,000

c.   375,000

d.   630,000

e.   2,000,000