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Please could you help me understand the following information? I have provided a list of medications and the information needed for each of them

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Please could you help me understand the following information? I have provided a list of medications and the information needed for each of them. Also, you do not need to complete warfarin as it is already completed and provided as an example. Thank you!

 

Medications:

1. Warfarin/Coumadin: * Already done as an example.

2. Thiamine (vitamin B)

3. Folic acid

4. Multivitamins

 

 

For each medication above include the following information:

 

1. Medication

2. Drug description

3. Mode of Action

4. Indications

5. Contraindications

6. Dosage and administration

7. Side effects

8. Adverse reaction

9.  Nursing consideration

10.  Patient teaching

 

Warfarin does not need to be completed as it was already done as an example.

 

Medication: Warfarin/Coumadin (This is just an example)

 

Drug description- Anticoagulant, commonly known as a blood thinner - used to treat blood clots and to prevent new clots from forming in your body. Prevention of these harmful blood clots reduces the risk of stroke or heart attack.

 

MOA (mode of action) - Inhibits hepatic synthesis of vitamin K, which decreases prothrombin and the clotting factors VII, IX, and X.

Indications - Atrial fibrillation (AF), venous thromboembolism (VTE), and prosthetic heart valves. Atrial fibrillation is probably the most common indication for warfarin therapy in our community.

 

Contraindications - Hemophilia, peptic bleeding ulcer, blood dyscrasias, severe liver or kidney disease, acute myocardial infarction, alcoholism. 

 

Dosage and administration:

A (adult): PO: LD: 5-10 mg/d for 2-5 d; maint: 2-10 mg/d.

 

C (child): PO: 0.05 - 0.2 mg/kg/d; titrate to INR.

 

Side effects: Anorexia, alopecia, fever, stomatitis, abdominal cramps, rash, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.

Adverse reaction - Bleeding, hemorrhage, GI bleeding, ecchymoses, hematuria, purple-toe syndrome. 

 

Nursing consideration - monitor vital signs, PT or INR, and platelet count. Examine pt. mouth, nose, urine, stool, and skin for bleeding. Keep anticoagulant antagonists, vitamin K available as an antidote.

 

Patient teaching - Inform the dentist when taking warfarin, use a soft toothbrush, warn the patient to shave with an electric razor. Advise pt. to have lab tests such as PT or INR performed as ordered by the health care provider. Encourage pt. not to smoke, smoking increases drug metabolism. Check with the provider before taking OTC, Aspirin should not be taken with warfarin. Inform pt. that many herbal products interact with anticoagulants and may increase bleeding, let your provider know before use. Teach pt. how to control external hemorrhage.