Homework answers / question archive / Does Apple Treat Its App Developers Fairly? Presented by: David Pearson Background to the Case - Lawsuit ?led against Apple, trial started on Monday 5/3 Who’s involved? - - Epic Games Apple The argument: Apple has a “monopoly” over iPhone and iPad games Apple takes 30% of all transactions completed through the App Store Also have 100% market share of mobile app distribution for iOS devices Android’s numbers are similar Epic has also ?led a separate lawsuit against Android History to the Case - Tim Sweeney, CEO of Epic Games, saw Apple’s 30% earnings tax to be too high Fortnite was free on all platforms, main source of revenue was in-game purchases Ordered game developers to add an unauthorized payment method into their games Fortnite was then banned from the App Store in August - - Lawsuit was ?led shortly after this Threatened to remove developer license for desktop Macbooks Epic Games is seeking to prove in court that the App Store Epic’s Argument - Apple is too controlling of iOS mobile app market Unfair share of payments taken “Monopoly”? Dif?culty to enter market Violation of antitrust laws? Other companies take less earnings - - Xbox marketplace Steam etc

Does Apple Treat Its App Developers Fairly? Presented by: David Pearson Background to the Case - Lawsuit ?led against Apple, trial started on Monday 5/3 Who’s involved? - - Epic Games Apple The argument: Apple has a “monopoly” over iPhone and iPad games Apple takes 30% of all transactions completed through the App Store Also have 100% market share of mobile app distribution for iOS devices Android’s numbers are similar Epic has also ?led a separate lawsuit against Android History to the Case - Tim Sweeney, CEO of Epic Games, saw Apple’s 30% earnings tax to be too high Fortnite was free on all platforms, main source of revenue was in-game purchases Ordered game developers to add an unauthorized payment method into their games Fortnite was then banned from the App Store in August - - Lawsuit was ?led shortly after this Threatened to remove developer license for desktop Macbooks Epic Games is seeking to prove in court that the App Store Epic’s Argument - Apple is too controlling of iOS mobile app market Unfair share of payments taken “Monopoly”? Dif?culty to enter market Violation of antitrust laws? Other companies take less earnings - - Xbox marketplace Steam etc

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Does Apple Treat Its App Developers Fairly? Presented by: David Pearson Background to the Case - Lawsuit ?led against Apple, trial started on Monday 5/3 Who’s involved? - - Epic Games Apple The argument: Apple has a “monopoly” over iPhone and iPad games Apple takes 30% of all transactions completed through the App Store Also have 100% market share of mobile app distribution for iOS devices Android’s numbers are similar Epic has also ?led a separate lawsuit against Android History to the Case - Tim Sweeney, CEO of Epic Games, saw Apple’s 30% earnings tax to be too high Fortnite was free on all platforms, main source of revenue was in-game purchases Ordered game developers to add an unauthorized payment method into their games Fortnite was then banned from the App Store in August - - Lawsuit was ?led shortly after this Threatened to remove developer license for desktop Macbooks Epic Games is seeking to prove in court that the App Store Epic’s Argument - Apple is too controlling of iOS mobile app market Unfair share of payments taken “Monopoly”? Dif?culty to enter market Violation of antitrust laws? Other companies take less earnings - - Xbox marketplace Steam etc. “I wanted the world to see Apple exercises total control over all software on iOS and it can use that control to deny users access to apps” - Tim Sweeney Apple’s Argument - Attorneys said this lawsuit was ?led due to Epic’s ?nancial struggles Apple provides the platform/market for applications Claim that they are just one of many What about gaming consoles? 30% seems to be market average Been the same since establishment of App Store in 2008 App Store is an essential part to Apple Products and the iOS Experience Apple can’t be a monopoly since an Android store and Google Play store exist Safari could be used to download whatever you want Final Thoughts - Does Apple have a monopoly over the mobile application market? A monopoly is: the exclusive possession or control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service Case is still ongoing as we speak Epic raised awareness about this topic Discussion Questions - Opinions on the case? Does Apple have the right to only allow app developers to publish their work to the App Store? Should Apple allow other ways of downloading applications onto iPhones and iPads? Will other app development companies speak up about this topic? Could this be the start of a movement? What are some possible solutions or compromises? References https://www.protocol.com/apple-epic-trial/epic-games-apple-lawsuit https://www.wsj.com/articles/apple-and-fortnite-maker-epic-games-to-square-off-in-court-116200342 02 https://www.wired.com/story/epic-apple-lawsuit-one-legal-question/ https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/29/microsoft-will-match-epic-and-share-more-money-with-video-gam e-makers.html President Joe Biden’s Corporate Tax Plan Henry Haske The Basics of President Biden’s Tax Plan ? President Biden is asking for $2 trillion in corporate tax increases over the next 15 years ? ? Basically is a retort to Republican’s 2017 tax laws ? ? Would pay for his infrastructure plan Corporate tax rate dropped from 35% to 21% This tax increase proposal does not include any other proposal including estates, capital gains, or income of any kind What would change? ? GDP increase ? ? ? ? As it stands now: corporate taxes make of 1.3% of the United State’s GDP This tax plan would add on another 0.5% Corporate tax rate - increase from 21% to 28% Would make the U.S. have one of the highest corporate tax rates out of any other major economy in the world Why is this signi?cant? ? Debatable between scholars and business experts if increase in corporate tax discourages investment ? ? “Some projects that make sense at 21% won't make sense at 28%” (WSJ) Tax plans like this one introduced by President Joe Biden do not only a?ect the 1% and big corporation owners ? ? ? A?ects unemployment A?ects wages Can even decide where a business will choose to do business Just in America? ? President Biden aiming to… ? ? ? Pressuring other nations to impose an international corporate tax to discourage corporations from simply moving overseas Non-based U.S. corporations > U.S. corporations… unless international tax If this minimum international tax was put into place ? ? Calculated on a country-by-country basis Each company could exclude 10% of their tangible foreign assets ? Some do not like this Foreign / Domestic ? ? 2017 Taxes 10.5% tax on foreign pro?ts of U.S. Companies Biden increase this to 21%, still not 28% ? Competitive advantage without the international minimum corporate tax Discussion Questions - What do you think? 1. 2. 3. 4. Is an international minimum corporate tax rate something you would like to see be implemented into our world? Why or why not? Is it even possible? The corporate tax rate has shifted from 35% to 21%, and will probably soon be raised to 28%, if President Biden’s tax proposal is passed. Do you believe our government in the U.S. is taxing corporate businesses too much, too little, or just enough? Should the money that the government is taxing corporate entities go into government projects (ex: infrastructure) or should it go somewhere else? Imagine for a moment you are a top executive at a big corporation that will now be taxed 28% under President Biden’s new tax proposal. How would you feel? Is this fair to you as a business owner? Works Cited ? ? ? ? ? https://www.wsj.com/articles/whats-in-bidens-2-trillion-corporate-tax-plan-11617206009 http://steve-lovelace.com/the-corporate-states-of-america/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_companies_by_revenue#/media/File:Walmart_stor e_exterior_5266815680.jpg http://www.worldbusinesschicago.com/world-business-chicago-looks-forward-to-2019-as-2018ends-strong/ https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-09-16/poll-two-key-barriers-trump-biden Current Events: Pay-For-Success Programs April 9th 2021 Jennifer Chun Presentation Topics What is pay-for-success? What is Social Finance (US)? How is Social Finance (US) funded? What are some of the training programs working with Social Finance? ? How is pay-for-success relevant now? ? What do you think about pay-for-success? ? ? ? ? Pay-For-Success ? New model of workforce training that bases pay for training from training programs based on whether a student is hired ? Students only pay for the schooling only if it landed them a job ? Partnership between project partners and project supporters ? Training workshop organizations, nonprofits, government, investors, philanthropists/supporters ? Training program fee = partnership’s fee + student fee (only after being hired, sometimes income threshold) ? Workforce training mostly applies to trade-school fields Social Finance (US) ? US branch of NPO originally from the UK, created in 2011 ? Dedicated to mobilizing capital to drive social progress ? Social Investment ? Advisory Services ? Field Building ? Help advance pay-for-success ? Powered by a more than $40 million fund ? Paying low-income students, minority candidates and veterans, to enter the training programs Social Finance (US) Funding ? Governments Partnerships ? States: Ohio, talks with other states ? Federal: proposal with new labor secretary ? Income-share agreements with students ? 5% ~ 9% wage (income-based), monthly payments, four years ? Payment obligation stops upon job loss ? Social investment ? Social Impact Bonds & Career Impact Bonds ? Philanthropic investors primarily after social impact Social Finance Partners ? General Assembly (current) ? Launched first-ever Career Impact Bond ? 1,000 individuals, 10 U.S. cities ? Develop in-demand coding skills, sustainable tech careers, achieve improved social mobility Social Finance Partners ? Alchemy Code Lab (future) ? Will serve 290 students (unemployed/underemployed) ? 23-week, full-time online training program for software engineering jobs ? Increase access to software development careers, increase diversity and inclusion in tech sector (women, LGBTQIA+ individuals) Social Finance Partners ? American Diesel Training Center (current, NYT article) ? 229 students, Ohio and possibly other states ? Teaching students latest and best software for cars ? Awareness of alternative power sources (electricity, hydrogen) ? Students can return cost-free for retraining ? Significant gain of income for students ? Pays initial ~60% fee, rest if student lands and keeps a job earning at least $30K annually How is “Pay-For-Success” relevant now? ? Millions of Americans out of work due to COVID-19 ? Upended industries, accelerated automation ? American Jobs Plan - March 31, 2021 White House Statement ? Pres. Joe Biden’s $2 trillion infrastructure and jobs plan ? “Create millions of good jobs, rebuild our country’s infrastructure…” ? “Maximizing equity, health, and environmental benefits” ? Emphasis on “next-generation training programs” that embrace “evidence-based approaches” Discussion Questions ? Do you see pay-for-success programs working out for the American people and the economy? Does it seem to fit well with the American Jobs Act? ? Do you think the pay-for-success approach should be applied to American colleges? ? What are your thoughts on social investment? Do you think more nonprofits should offer this option to their beneficiaries? End of Presentation Sources Original New York Times article https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/07/business/job-training-work.html Social Finance US https://socialfinance.org/ Social Finance US General Assembly https://socialfinance.org/project/general-assembly/ Social Finance US Alchemy Code Lab https://socialfinance.org/project/alchemy-code-lab/ White House Report “The American Jobs Plan” https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/03/31/fact-sheet-the-americ an-jobs-plan/ America Diesel Training https://www.americandieseltraining.com/about Job Training Act of 1983 Original Document https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/1983/03/art1full.pdf Programs Similar to Pay-For-Success ? 1982’s Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) ? Passed by Congress after many people lost their jobs due to the opening of trade borders to foreign markets ? Allowed people to collect unemployment while being trained for another trade ? establish federal assistance programs to prepare youth and unskilled adults for entry into the labor force and to provide job training to economically disadvantaged and other individuals facing serious barriers to employment.