Homework answers / question archive / Political Economies (1 page) o Tell the reader when and why the data/BDP was created – or why it should be o If you know, describe the broader market and policy trends surrounding the creation of the data/BDP – connect it to strategies, company policies, directives, etc

Political Economies (1 page) o Tell the reader when and why the data/BDP was created – or why it should be o If you know, describe the broader market and policy trends surrounding the creation of the data/BDP – connect it to strategies, company policies, directives, etc

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Political Economies (1 page) o Tell the reader when and why the data/BDP was created – or why it should be o If you know, describe the broader market and policy trends surrounding the creation of the data/BDP – connect it to strategies, company policies, directives, etc. o Describe who owns the data/BDP and what the conditions of access are (free, open, one-time payment, subscribed, etc.) o If you haven’t already, consider connecting to Srnicek’s idea of platforms as a new type of firm o See questions from exercises under files Points and questions for political economy analysis: • • • • Tell the reader when and why the data/BDP was created – or why it should be (> see history below) o The data was created in 2019, and is part of a series of surveys that the EC do every third year on quality of life in European cities o The data was created to measure well-being and to inform public policy. The EC recognized that GDP was not a good enough indicator / a too narrow indicator as it only focus on economic aspects to say something about well-being. o The data was created to help inform policy for the EU countries, as well as promote EU values o Years of previous surveys: 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016 If you know, describe the broader market and policy trends surrounding the creation of the data/BDP – connect it to strategies, company policies, directives, etc. o See history below: Still looking in to who made survey – read intro of survey. o GDP couldn’t be seen as lone indicator for well-being anymore o European values Describe who owns the data/BDP and what the conditions of access are (free, open, one-time payment, subscribed, etc.) o https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/en/information/maps/quality_of_life/ o European Commission --> Who are they and what is their purpose? o This one is free and no subscription or payment is needed If you haven’t already, consider connecting to Srnicek’s idea of platforms as a new type of firm o Don't find this particularly applicable here since the EU commission is behind this Questions of the exercise 1. What institutions/actors are relevant to the data/BDP in your case? a. The European Commision and the EU b. Society in general c. Are the governments also actors? Are actors only the ones producing the data, or are they also the users of the data? i. Gnvtms are not directly actors – but they (or at least local city gvntms) are the policy makers that rely on this intelligence ii. Data is mostly aimed at them but report also mentions interest of citizens iii. Can we find evidence of specific action taken by local policy makers based on this report? a. Who did they hire to do it? i. This survey has been contracted to IPSOS in the context of a Framework Contract with Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy (“Policy Development and Economic Analysis Unit”). PDF Clara sent in chat ii. Commission department is responsible for EU policy on regions and cities iii. b. Who is in the EC? 2. What political and/or economic dynamics might be relevant to the data in your case? a. The EC and EU values and purpose b. What has the data been used for? Did it inform any policy decisions in the respective countries already? Or is it more on an EU level/overall strategy (probably)? i. https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/strategic-plan-2016-2020-dgregio_april2016_en.pdf ii. Page 6: Overview of DG REGIO contribution to the Commission general objectives: among others 1. (1) A New Boost for Jobs, Growth and Investment; 2. (3) A Resilient Energy Union with a Forward-Looking Climate Change Policy; 3. If we can see that job and cleanliness of air have influence on satisfaction, the above could be an example of the data influencing strategy. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:91ce5c0f-12b6-11eb-9a5401aa75ed71a1.0001.02/DOC_1&format=PDF Page 2: It mapped out our vision of building a fairer, healthier, greener and more digital society. While many things have changed in the last year, that ambition remains our driving force for the year ahead. 3. What regulations are relevant to the data in your case? a. They ask about health so GDPR, but everything has been anonymized b. Are there any regulations that the EC has to follow? https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/5._h2020_ethics_and_data_protection_0.pdf 1. What algorithms/platforms is your data/BDP a product of, and what new algorithms/platforms/markets might your data inform? 2. If it is part of a platform, does it confirm to one of Srnicek’s platform types? 3. If it is part of a platform, who owns it? 4. What does it cost to produce your data/BDP? a. See if you stumble upon it. 5. How does one gain access to your data/BDP? a. It is openly available, free access, and no subscription needed. b. What does it mean to have free access to data? https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/grants_manual/hi/oa_pilot/h2020-hi-oa-pilotguide_en.pdf 1. What’s the history of your dataset – where was the data/BDP made, by whom and for what purpose? It was made by the European Commision. • EC Purpose: What the European Commission does: The Commission helps to shape the EU's overall strategy, proposes new EU laws and policies, monitors their implementation and manages the EU budget. It also plays a significant role in supporting international development and delivering aid. o https://ec.europa.eu/info/about-european-commission/what-europeancommissiondoes_en#:~:text=The%20Commission%20helps%20to%20shape,international%20d evelopment%20and%20delivering%20aid. o https://ec.europa.eu/info/about-european-commission/what-europeancommission-does/strategy-and-policy_en • The goals of the European Union are among others: o promote peace, its values and the well-being of its citizens o offer freedom, security and justice without internal borders o sustainable development based on balanced economic growth and price stability, a highly competitive market economy with full employment and social progress, and environmental protection o combat social exclusion and discrimination o enhance economic, social and territorial cohesion and solidarity among EU countries o https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/eu-in-brief_en o How does this fit with the questions in the dataset? > responses are to form base for policy decisions 2. What kind of historical development was the dataset /BDP a response to? Market development? Public policy? • EC asks for several different kind of surveys across different subjects that relates to its policy and strategy making. There have been several surveys on the quality of life in European cities at different times (2016 and 2013, 2010, 2007) a. "The EU also acknowledged that the GDP, as a stand-alone indicator does not provide sufficient information on how well (or bad) European citizens live. Therefore, the EU initiated the collection of subjective indicators to complement the conventional measures of QoL" (Maricic & Melica 2019) -> see. Original source in Rademacher (p.8, 2015) a. "European Commission initiated in 2009 the action ‘GDP and beyond — Measuring progress in a changing world’ (rademacher 2015) b. The overall aim is to develop more inclusive indicators that provide a more reliable knowledge base for better public debate and policy-making (EU Commission 2009) Other questions 1. What is the relation is between the economics and the politics associated with your data/BDP a. Can we find any strategies or policy-making related to this subject?? --> Can we somethings budgets? b. "The EU also acknowledged that the GDP, as a stand-alone indicator does not provide sufficient information on how well (or bad) European citizens live. Therefore, the EU initiated the collection of subjective indicators to complement the conventional measures of QoL" (Maricic & Melica 2019) c. The overall aim is to develop more inclusive indicators that provide a more reliable knowledge base for better public debate and policy-making (EU Commission 2009) 2. Look at the different aspects that you have written down so far (actors/institutions/etc,platforms and economics, history) 3. Is a story or certain dynamics at play that define the data/BDP?