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approaching a problem without applying the concept of feedback the number of levels a system has

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1. approaching a problem without applying the concept of feedback
2. the number of levels a system has. for instance, a "second-order" system has two level variables
3. behavior exhibited by a second-order or higher-order system in which the stock value moves sinusoidally over time. three types of oscillation included sustained, where the amplitude is always constant, expanding, where the amplitude increases over time; and dampened, where the amplitude decreases over time
4. a system that grows beyond a sustainable condition, reduces the basis for sustained existence, and then collapses below the level that might have been sustained. example: fishing rates that exceed the replenishment rate resulting in a collapse of the fishing population
5. numerical values that describe relationships in a system and are considered constant, at least during the computation span of one model run. parameters are shown by a circular converter in STELLA and by other symbols in other software
6. the time duration of each cycle in oscillatory behavior from the analogous part of one wave to another
7. positive or negative sign of a causal loop. positive loops are called reinforcing, and negative loops are called balancing
8. analysis employed to evaluate the causes of undesirable behavior in a system. it allows the model-builder to compare how a system would react to different policies through simulation
9. feedback that contains reinforcing loops which produce exponential change. change in one direction results in more and more change in the same direction. positive feedback produces growth that would be out of control if it weren't for limits of growth
10. MS Windows-based modeling software package for system dynamics models. It is equipped with advanced functions such as interactive simulation, On-Line help, expandable function library, and data exporting