Homework answers / question archive / Environmental scanning for change Knowledge, skills, abilities for environmental scanning Curiosity that never sleeps Constantly challenging “the facts” (respectfully) Basic statistical analysis Ability to write tight, right and quick Endlessly searching: Internet, news, magazines, meetings, conferences, documentaries, journals, experiences, anything! Ability to “connect the dots” – to see patterns in data, not just a bunch of numbers (critical thinking) Strong understanding of and curiousity in human attitudes / behavior 2 2 Environmental scanning is a process that systematically surveys and interprets relevant data to identify external opportunities and threats

Environmental scanning for change Knowledge, skills, abilities for environmental scanning Curiosity that never sleeps Constantly challenging “the facts” (respectfully) Basic statistical analysis Ability to write tight, right and quick Endlessly searching: Internet, news, magazines, meetings, conferences, documentaries, journals, experiences, anything! Ability to “connect the dots” – to see patterns in data, not just a bunch of numbers (critical thinking) Strong understanding of and curiousity in human attitudes / behavior 2 2 Environmental scanning is a process that systematically surveys and interprets relevant data to identify external opportunities and threats

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Environmental scanning for change Knowledge, skills, abilities for environmental scanning Curiosity that never sleeps Constantly challenging “the facts” (respectfully) Basic statistical analysis Ability to write tight, right and quick Endlessly searching: Internet, news, magazines, meetings, conferences, documentaries, journals, experiences, anything! Ability to “connect the dots” – to see patterns in data, not just a bunch of numbers (critical thinking) Strong understanding of and curiousity in human attitudes / behavior 2 2 Environmental scanning is a process that systematically surveys and interprets relevant data to identify external opportunities and threats. An organization gathers information about the external world, its competitors and itself. The company should then respond to the information gathered by changing its strategies and plans when the need arises 3 …a scanning system can be considered effective if it generates awareness of environmental conditions, knowledge about the organization's strengths and weaknesses, and an awareness of existing or impending problems. However, only those scanning systems that are aligned with the requirements of organizational context would be expected to be effective 4 Predicting and planning the future P.E.S.T -- Political, Economic, Social, and Technological forces ESG -- Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance (ESG) measures the sustainability and societal impact of an investment in a company or business. Force-field – Kurt Lewin’s Driving Forces and Restraining Forces impacting a decision S.W.O.T. – Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats S.M.A.R.T. – Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Timely goals Fishbone diagram -- also called an Ishikawa cause and effect diagram. If you do this then that will happen. Decision tree -- A decision tree is a specific type of flow chart used to visualize the decision making process by mapping out different courses of action, as well as their potential outcomes. Gibbs Reflective Cycle -- Conclusion about what you learned and what you could have done differently. Action plan for how you would deal with similar situations in the future, or general changes you might find appropriate. 5 6 8 9 This Is the Future Of Remote Wo In 2021 THIS IS THE FUTURE OF REMOTE WORK IN 2021 (FORBES.COM) 10 11 12 The interconnectivity of internal environment factors What impact does one internal environmental factor have on all the others? Answer requires: • Deep and wide research • Critical thinking • Challenging assumptions • Accepting that facts are fluid (they can change quickly) 13 This is the mathematical plot trajectory of the “Lorenz attractor” also commonly called the famous “Butterfly Effect.” It shows what happens to data projections if just a very small change is made to a formula with many variables. The discovery was made in 1960 by American theoretical meteorologist Dr. Edward Lorenz. It is one of the great achievements of twentieth-century physics and a major contribution to chaos theory. Chaos theory “Sensitive dependence of initial conditions” Simply put, it means that in certain cases a very small change can dramatically change outcomes. 14 The speed of change in internal organizational environments is not keeping up with the speed of change in external organizational environments. Internal organizational environment This disconnect foretells a collapse of the internal/external organizational ecosystem. The impact of such a collapse can have devastating impacts on social, economic, political, and ecological conditions. Integrated Change Cycle ©Eli Sopow Ph.D. 15 Organizational culture includes the values, traditions, assumption of how things get done, and the reasons for both penalties and rewards for employees. Structure involves how the organization is put together including levels of reporting, how power is shared, the span of control of managers, centralization and decentralization, and whether an organization is hierarchical or “flat.” Organizational systems involve how information, training, communication, accountability, and responsibility is designed and operated throughout the organization. Included are Human Resources and Information Technology systems. Organizational climate is how employees feel about their workplace. It involves job satisfaction (liking what they do), morale (how they feel about workplace conditions), and how engaged they feel in the workplace . Organizational actions are the outcome of all the above. Actions can include the quality and timeliness of services and products to clients and customers, the reputation and trust level in your organization, and the level of engagement of employees. 16 The library has an excellent range of research sources related to environmental scanning and outstanding staff to help you. • • • • • Google Scholar enables you to search for academic literature, including peerreviewed papers, theses, books, preprints The Conference Board of Canada's e-Library contains over 4,000 research documents in areas such as economics, market forecasting, statistics, leadership, public policy, risk management, jobs, and tourism. Academic Search Utimate is a multidisciplinary database with a large index of academic journal articles. It is a good place to start general research. Nexis Uni (formerly called LexisNexis Academic) is a comprehensive database covering major newspapers in Canada and worldwide, as well as some smaller titles in British Columbia. In addition, it has a wealth of information from legal resources as well as company information, IPO and M&As. Regional Business News provides full access to business publications, on a regional level, for Canada and the United States. Key resources include newspapers, trade publications, magazines and newswires. 17 Other great sources for environmental scanning SimplyAnalytics is a mapping, analytics, and data visualization application containing interactive maps and reports using thousands of demographic, business, and marketing variables, including Statistics Canada data. The Conference Board of Canada's e-Library contains over 4,000 research documents in areas such as economics, market forecasting, statistics, leadership, public policy, risk management, jobs, and tourism. Nexis Uni (formerly called LexisNexis Academic) is a comprehensive database covering major newspapers in Canada and worldwide, as well as some smaller titles in British Columbia. In addition, it has a wealth of information from legal resources as well as company information, IPO and M&As. Hootsuite https://hootsuite.com/pages/digital-2020#c-204634 18 Selected environmental scanning sources The World Values Survey (free) The WVS consists of nationally representative surveys conducted in almost 100 countries containing almost 90 percent of the world’s population, using a common questionnaire answered by a total of almost 400,000 respondents. Only downside is the latest data is about two years old. http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSOnline.jsp Statistics Canada (free) Data from Canada’s 2016 census (done every 5 years) provide statistical information about everything that can be measured in Canadian society—age, gender, income, size of families, marital status, languages spoken at work and at home, fear of crime, immigration and cultural diversity, type of housing, and a wide range of economic factors. https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/index-eng.cfm 19 Selected environmental scanning sources OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2019 Issue 2 (free) The OECD Economic Outlook is a twice-yearly analysis of the major economic trends and prospects for the next two years. You find a set of projections for output, employment, prices, fiscal and current account balances. Coverage is provided for all OECD member countries as well as for selected non-member countries. https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-economic-outlook-volume-2019-issue2_9b89401b-en#page2 The 2019 plus Edelman Trust Barometer (free) Reveals how public trust in institutions and corporations' changes over a year. https://www.edelman.com/trust-barometer 20 Selected environmental scanning sources Google Trends. One of my great favorites. A solid scientific search engine that displays in maps, trend lines, and Excel format (if you want) how many people in any country and most major cities are searching for particular search terms on Google in any month, week and year. (https://trends.google.com/trends/?geo=US) The default is the U.S. but you can select any one of dozens of countries. 21 Spotting emerging trends (just one good tool) Because billions of people use the Internet as a search tool to inform them about issues, products, and services you can use this free tool to: • Find out in what areas and cities certain demands for products are ie the company you chose for exercise one • Find out what issues are creating a demand for more public knowledge and by what category as related to your company • Find out what the trends in public interest about key issues, products, and topics Learn more at: https://medium.com/google-news-lab/what-is-google-trends-data-and-whatdoes-it-mean-b48f07342ee8 Google Trends 22 https://blog.getpocket.com/2020/06/the-biasembedded-inalgorithms/?utm_source=pocket&utm_medium=email &utm_campaign=pockethits The Social Dilemma (2020) - IMDb www.imdb.com › title The Social Dilemma (2020). PG-13 | 94 min | Documentary, Drama. The ... Rating: 8/10 - 10,676 votes 23 Competitors Demography News & social media Economy Society & culture Climate change Politics & law Science & technology External environment impact rating (Very low 1.2.3.4.5 Very high) rating rating rating rating rating rating rating rating Issues in brief Issues in brief Issues in brief Issues in brief Issues in brief Issues in brief Issues in brief Issues in brief 24 4 5 Economy Society & culture Very strong Politics & law 3 Climate change 2 News Social Media How strongly (+ or -) are two factors connected to each other? 1 Demography Very weak Competitors Interconnectivity: External factors Competitors Demography News & social media Economy Society & culture Climate change Politics & law Science & technology Sopow, E. (2020). Aligning workplace wellness with global change: An integrated model. Journal of Organizational Change Management . Publication date: 30 June 2020 25 4 5 Economy Society & culture Very strong Politics & law 3 Climate change 2 News Social Media How strongly (+ or -) are two factors connected to each other? 1 Demography Very weak Competitors Interconnectivity: External factors Competitors Demography 4 News & social media 4 4 Economy 4 4 4 Society & culture 4 5 5 3 Climate change 3 3 5 5 5 Politics & law 2 2 3 4 4 5 Science & technology 4 3 3 5 5 5 5 26 The interconnectivity of internal environment factors What impact does one internal environmental factor have on all the others? Answer requires: • Deep and wide research • Critical thinking • Challenging assumptions • Accepting that facts are fluid (they can change quickly) 27 Connecting the external to the internal To what degree do internal and external environment factors impact each other? Why does it matter? Answer requires: • Deep and wide research • Critical thinking • Challenging assumptions • Accepting that facts are fluid (they can change quickly) Sopow, E. (2020). Aligning workplace wellness with global change: An integrated model. Journal of Organizational Change Management . Publication date: 30 June 2020 28 All change is interconnected The main change is often linked to other issues that will be impacted by the change: • Linkages • Parallels • Patterns Workplace diversity Benefits Performance Gender equalit y Main change magnifier Conflict management Communication Job satisfaction Respect Morale 29 The state of our internal corporate climate “… fewer employers demonstrate commitment by having formal wellness strategies or wellness policies.”* -Conference Board of Canada, 2017 “Only 1 in 5 (of employees) believe the system is working for them” -2019 Edelman Trust Barometer “ …if an organization experiences changes more rapidly than it can comprehend and control them, then it is not possible to keep the system stable. “ -Dent, E. Complexity Science: a Worldview Shift. Emergence, 1(4), 5–19 *boldface inserted 30 ©Eli Sopow PhD Very positive Internal environmental impact rating / 5.0 1 2 3 4 5 Very negative Rating Issues in brief Culture Structure Systems Climate Actions AVERAGE 31 Internal environment scan: Jose’s Yummy Pizza Place 4.4 / 5.0 Very positive 5 1 2 3 4 5 4.5 4 5 Very negative 5 4 4 Structure Systems 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Culture Climate Actions Eli Sopow Ph.D. 32 33 34 Readiness ratings: 1&2=low (black), 3=average (grey), 4&5=high (white). Org culture Org structure Org systems Org climate Org actions Organization Change Readiness Matrix (example) Competitors Science & technology Economy Climate change Society & culture Demography News & social media Politics & law 4 5 3 3 5 5 4 3 5 4 4 2 2 3 2 2 4 5 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 2 5 4 3 2 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 35 Integrated Environmental Scan: Executive summary: Jose’s Pizza Place Key findings 1. External environmental factors: • The company is facing significant challenges from competitors as new pizza shops open nearby with lower prices. • The company’s equipment and technology is outdated and leading to inefficiencies. • The company has not recognized a large change in ethnic diversity within its market area. • The company’ has limited exposure in news and social media sites. 2. Internal environmental factors: • The company has a risk-adverse culture preventing requires changes to innovation and employee treatment. There are indications of gender bias. • The structure and systems of the company do not encourage employee suggestions. • There is evidence of very low morale among employees to the above factors. 3. Recommendations: • Increased presence on social media through posts and advertising, targeting customer language profile. • Review of current equipment and upgrades as necessary for increased efficiency. • Ongoing and open communication with employees about ideas. • Training for all employees in respectful workplace behaviors 36 CASE STUDY EXAMPLE: Staying in the pizza business Two years ago a small pizza shop (Jose’s Yummy Pizza Place) opened in Vancouver’s East Side. Employees include an older male manager and two younger employees, male and female, on each of two shifts. The shop makes a variety of pizzas ranging from pepperoni to vegetarian. So far business is good but the owner wants to make sure business stays good and be prepared for change. As a consultant here’s how you have completed both the External and Internal Environment Impact Rating. 37 38 ©Eli Sopow PhD 39 4 5 Economy Society & culture Very strong Politics & law 3 Climate change 2 News Social Media How strongly (+ or -) are two factors connected to each other? 1 Demography Very weak Competitors Interconnectivity: External factors Competitors Demography 4 News & social media 4 4 Economy 4 4 4 Society & culture 4 5 5 3 Climate change 3 3 5 5 5 Politics & law 2 2 3 4 4 5 Science & technology 4 3 3 5 5 5 5 40 41 42