Victimology Questions 

1. Physical injury results in victims being assaulted and injured on their bodies. Physical injury is classified into four categories: minor harm, treated and discharged, hospitalization, and killed. Minor harm on a victim results in minor injury on the body of the victim. As a result, the person being assaulted to cause physical injury may be knocked, pushed, cut, or bruised. The harm caused by this type of physical injury is not severe because the victim is not that much affected compared to these other types of physical damage (Lantz & Kim, 2019). Treated and discharged is another type of physical injury where the victim has an injury on the body that needs medical attention. However, the injury is not that severe because they can receive treatment and discharge from a hospital. The injury is serious for an injury that needs hospitalization because the victim needs medical attention and must receive hospital treatment for a certain period. The critical physical injury that can result in death is the most outrageous physical injury on a victim. The victim is injured to the point of death as a result of the physical injury. At this point, the victim can neither be hospitalized because it is beyond repair.
2. There are three stages of a crisis. The stages are the effect stage, the recoil stage, and the recovery stage. During the impact or the effect stage, the victim is affected due to the crisis that has occurred. The crisis creates effects on the victim. The effects of the crisis may harm the victim's life since they cannot recover or organize their lives the way it was previously. The victim may fail to see a difference in their lives during this stage due to the crisis. An outside party may be the one to notice the change (Kamei, 2019). During the recoil stage, the victim tries to recollect themselves and survive the aftermath of the crisis. The recoil stage is the critical stage because the victim may fall back. It is difficult for them to overcome everything, and they need support. The victim may also withdraw from people because they need to recollect and organize themselves together. The last stage is the recovery stage. At this stage, the victim has addressed all the issues affecting them to heal from the crisis. The crisis that caused turmoil in their lives affected them, and therefore they needed to deal with it to heal. The victim needs counseling and a support group to enable them to survive through this stage.
3. Victim service presenters have the role of presenting on various issues. Presenters must ensure that the message they are trying to pass across targets the right audience and addresses critical issues resulting from the presentation. Victim service providers can be required to do a formal and informal presentation based on the requirements of their audience. For a presentation by the victim service provider to be effective, the presenter has to know about the topic being addressed. The presenter needs to have researched the issue to make their presentation worth listening to by the audience effectively. During the presentation, the presenter has to have confidence. The audience will be confident in what the speaker is telling them. The speaker has to be passionate about the topic they are speaking about during the presentation. That will help make the audience more attentive because they will believe what the speaker is telling them. Victim service providers may be called to present to a neighbor next door addressing specific issues that may affect the neighbor or the neighborhood. The service provider may be called to present to a government office or an official agency in a standard setup. For the presentation to be effective, the presenter has to demonstrate the above qualities of a speaker.
4. Posttraumatic stress disorder results from a victim experiencing a past traumatic situation that caused them physical injury or threatened their lives. The stress can also result from emotional pain, such as the loss of a close person. Posttraumatic stress disorder can be experienced by an individual after three months when the incident has already occurred, or even it can take years to manifest itself on a person. PTSD takes time for someone who has been affected by it to recover from its effects (Smith, 2020). Victims of PSTD tend to have the symptom of releasing their stress through nightmares, illusions, and recollections of their past experiences. Another system can be attributed to avoidance. Victims of PSTD will avoid anything that reminds them of their experience resulting in their current condition. As a result of the habit of avoidance, they may distance themselves from friends and families. Victims of PSTD also are more vulnerable to feelings. It is easy for them to be easily annoyed, angered, cry often, and find it hard to sleep at night because they are distressed. As a result of the PSTD, they may easily have high blood pressure because of the intense feelings and emotions due to the experience they encountered. The victims of PSTD may also have negative emotions, which makes them stay moody throughout the day.

Outline for Victimology Questions

1. Physical injury results in victims being assaulted and injured on their bodies. Physical injury is classified into four categories: minor harm, treated and discharged, hospitalization, and killed.
2. There are three stages of a crisis. The stages are the effect stage, the recoil stage, and the recovery stage.
3. Victim service presenters have the role of presenting on various issues. Presenters must ensure that the message they are trying to pass across targets the right audience and addresses critical issues resulting from the presentation.
4. Posttraumatic stress disorder results from a victim experiencing a past traumatic situation that caused them physical injury or threatened their lives. The stress can also result from emotional pain, such as the loss of a close person.