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Homework answers / question archive / FPT University BUE 201 CHAPTER 8 1)Which of the following is not a category of the "Four Ps" of marketing? A
FPT University
BUE 201
CHAPTER 8
1)Which of the following is not a category of the "Four Ps" of marketing?
A. Product
B. Promotion C. Planning
D. Placement
2. The ethical tradition would see a simple situation of an agreement for an exchange between two parties as upholding respect for individuals by treating them as autonomous agents capable of pursuing their own ends.
a. virtual
b. economical
c. utilitarian
d. deontological
3. The ethical tradition would see a simple situation of an agreement for an exchange between two parties and would take the two parties' agreement as evidence that both are better off than they were prior to the exchange and thus conclude that overall happiness has been increased by any exchange freely entered into.
a. utilitarian
b. virtual
c. Kantian
d. deontological
4. The simple situation in which two parties come together and freely agree to an exchange is prima facie ethically legitimate because:
a. investigation proves that a simple exchange does not involve unethical situations.
b. a simple exchange involves the consent of both parties involved, which leaves no room for unethical acts.
c. certain conditions must be met before we can conclude that autonomy has been respected and mutual benefit has been achieved.
d. exchange occurs on mutual consent and for mutual benefit, parties involve in an exchange only if they see their benefit.
5. While approaching an ethical issue in marketing, the Kantian tradition would consider: A. the degree to which individuals freely participate in an exchange.
B. the benefits and costs of each exchange.
C. other values that are affected by the exchange.
D. personal characters of the parties that are involved in the exchange.
6. While approaching an ethical issue in marketing, the utilitarian tradition would consider:
a. the degree to which individuals freely participate in an exchange. B. the benefits and costs of each exchange.
C. other values that are affected by the exchange.
D. personal characters of the parties that are involved in the exchange.
7. A consumer's consent to purchase a product is not informed if that consumer is:
a. unwilling to listen to the product details from the sales person.
b. injured after using the product and filed a product liability suit.
c. asked to buy a product at his/her own risk and no warranty is offered on the product. D. being misled or deceived about the product.
8. "Affluenza" is a condition where:
a. greater consumption leads to unhappiness.
b. other parties external to the exchange is adversely affected by it.
c. a business is held liable without being at fault.
d. consumer demand depends upon what producers sell.
9. The legal doctrine of strict liability is ethically controversial because:
a. it assumes that every purchase involves the informed consent of the buyer and therefore it is assumed to be ethically legitimate.
b. it shifts the burden of proof from consumers to producers by allowing consumers to assume that products were safe for use.
c. it holds that consumer demand depends upon what producers sell.
d. it holds a business accountable for paying damages whether or not it was at fault.
10. Identify the approach that understands marketing on a simple model of a contractual exchange between a buyer and seller, and therefore assumes that every purchase involves the informed consent of the buyer and is ethically legitimate.
A. Caveat lector approach
B. Cena maksymalna approach
C. Caveat emptor approach
D. Caveat venditor approach
11. In selling a product, a business implicitly offers assurances that the product is reasonably suitable for its purpose. The law refers to this as the:
a. doctrine of caveat emptor.
b. implied warranty of merchantability.
c. doctrine of caveat lector.
d. implied warranty of productivity.
12. Which of the following statements is correct about the implied warranty of merchantability?
a. The law holds that business has a duty to insure that its products will accomplish their purpose through a verbal or written promise or contract.
b. This standard shifts the burden of proof from producers to consumers by allowing consumers to assume that products were safe for ordinary use.
c. Most courts allow a business to completely disclaim the implied warranty of merchantability.
d. Many businesses issue a disclaimer of liability, or offer an expressed and limited warranty to limit its liability against the implied warranty of merchantability.
13. How can we say that the use of an implied warranty solved a set of problems with the contract law approach to product liability?
a. Consumers would not need complex contracts in order to protect themselves from all possible harms that products might cause.
b. It shifts the burden of proof from producers to consumers by allowing consumers to assume that products were safe for ordinary use.
c. It forces businesses to issue a disclaimer of liability and offer limited warranties to limit its liability.
d. Buyers have the responsibility to look out for their own interests and protect their own safety when buying a product.
14. Which of the following statements is true about negligence as an avenue for consumers to hold producers responsible for their products?
a. It is a central component of the contract model.
b. One can be negligent by doing something that one should not.
c. One cannot be held negligent by failing to do something that one should have done.
d. It excludes acts of both commission and omission.
15. Society creates a strong incentive for businesses to produce safer goods and services by holding them responsible for any harm their products cause. This claim supports the:
a. strict product liability standard.
b. actual foreseeability standard.
c. reasonable person standard.
d. consent and informed decision standard.
16. Which of the following statements is true about manipulation?
a. It involves total control, and lacks a process of subtle direction or management.
b. We cannot manipulate someone without deception.
c. Manipulating people implies guiding their behavior with their conscious understanding.
d. To manipulate something is to guide or direct its behavior.
17. Which of the following ethical traditions would have the strongest objections to manipulation?
a. Economic
b. Virtual
c. Deontological
d. Utilitarian
18. Assume that you are a strong supporter of the deontological ethical tradition. Identify the statement about manipulation that you would completely agree with.
a. Cases of paternalistic manipulation, in which someone is manipulated for their own good, are acceptable.
b. Manipulation executed without deception is acceptable.
c. Even unsuccessful manipulations are guilty of ethical wrong.
d. The ethical consequence of manipulation depends on the personal characteristics of the manipulator.
19. Marketing practices targeted at elderly populations for goods such as Medicare supplemental insurance, funerals etc. are subject to criticism since:
a. that population is vulnerable and could be susceptible to marketing abuse.
b. interest gained on such investments are not highly profitable.
c. they are recreational in nature.
d. it does not abide by the principles of welfare economics.
20. In his book, The Affluent Society, economist John Kenneth Galbraith claimed that advertising and marketing were creating the very consumer demand that production then aimed to satisfy. The assertion that consumer demand depended upon what producers had to sell is termed:
a. the Hawthorne effect.
b. the dependence effect.
c. the reverse channel effect.
d. the supplemental effect.
21. Identify the major implications of the "dependence effect."
a. Unless a seller explicitly warrants a product as safe, buyers are liable for any harm they suffer.
b. Manipulation can be executed successfully without deception.
c. The court's ruling on product liability cases is dependent on the extent of manipulation used while marketing the product.
d. By creating consumer wants, advertising and other marketing practices violate consumer autonomy.
22. Consumer vulnerability occurs when:
a. a person has an impaired ability to make an informed consent to the market exchange.
b. someone is susceptible to some specific physical, psychological, or financial harm.
c. we are subject to directed commercial activity without our knowledge.
d. law of supply and demand is reversed.
23. Which of the following is an example of consumer vulnerability?
a. Elderly people living alone are susceptible to injuries from falls, from medical emergencies, from expensive health care bills, from loneliness.
b. Alcoholics are susceptible to alcohol abuse.
c. Children are susceptible to any flashy, attractive items which do not have any practical value.
d. Single women walking alone at night are vulnerable to sexual assault.
24. General vulnerability occurs when:
a. a person has an impaired ability to make an informed consent to the market exchange.
b. someone is susceptible to some specific physical, psychological, or financial harm.
c. we are subject to directed commercial activity without our knowledge.
d. law of supply and demand is reversed.
25. We are vulnerable when we are not aware that we are subject to a marketing campaign. This type of campaign is called:
a. discreet marketing.
b. word-of-mouth marketing.
c. network marketing.
d. undercover marketing.
26. Undercover marketing is also referred to as:
a. word-of-mouth marketing.
b. network marketing.
c. stealth marketing.
d. discreet marketing.
27. Which of the following statements does not describe stealth marketing?
a. We are vulnerable when we are not aware that we are subject to a marketing campaign. This type of campaign is called stealth marketing.
b. This type of campaign refers to those situations where we are subject to directed commercial activity without our knowledge.
c. We are subjected to numerous communications on a regular basis without paying much attention, such as the billboards, which is an example of stealth marketing.
d. It is an intentional effort to hide the true marketing element of the interaction.
28. Marketing experts consider stealth marketing extraordinarily effective because:
a. the consumer's guard is down; she is not questioning the message as she might challenge a traditional advertising campaign.
b. it targets customers who are susceptible to some specific physical, psychological, or financial harm.
c. it targets customers who lack the intellectual capacities, psychological ability, or maturity to make informed and considered consumer judgments.
d. the focus in this type of marketing is the concept of autonomous desires rather than autonomous behavior.
29. An employer is held liable for damages caused by an accident involving an employee driving the company car on company business. Identify the law underlying this decision.
a. The doctrine of caveat emptor
b. The doctrine of respondent superior
c. Implied warranty of merchantability
d. The doctrine of caveat lector
30. Identify the practice of promoting a product by misleading consumers about the environmentally beneficial aspects of the product.
a. Greenwashing
b. Redlining
c. Gentrification
d. Greenskinning
31. Labeling products with such terms as "environmentally friendly," "natural," "eco," "energy efficient," "biodegradable" and the like, can help promote products that have little or no environmental benefits. This practice is known as:
a. greenskinning.
b. redlining.
c. gentrification.
d. greenwashing.
32. Which of the following refers to the growing marketing practice of taking back one's products after their useful life?
a. Reintermediation
b. Reverse channels
c. Deintermediation
d. Forward integration
