Homework answers / question archive / Carleton University ERTH 2415 QUIZ 1: 1)World-wide for a given year, the majority of disaster costs are covered by insurance a) True b) False   Q2) Natural hazards only become natural disasters when they intersect with an invulnerable community a) True b) False   Q3) Emergency management in Canada is a well-established discipline a)            True b)            False   Q4) A severe hazard associated with a low vulnerability has a lower risk than a severe hazard associated with a high vulnerability a)            True b)            False   Q5) The Canadian Disaster Database is a website that provides information on the disasters that have occurred in Canada

Carleton University ERTH 2415 QUIZ 1: 1)World-wide for a given year, the majority of disaster costs are covered by insurance a) True b) False   Q2) Natural hazards only become natural disasters when they intersect with an invulnerable community a) True b) False   Q3) Emergency management in Canada is a well-established discipline a)            True b)            False   Q4) A severe hazard associated with a low vulnerability has a lower risk than a severe hazard associated with a high vulnerability a)            True b)            False   Q5) The Canadian Disaster Database is a website that provides information on the disasters that have occurred in Canada

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Carleton University

ERTH 2415

QUIZ 1:

1)World-wide for a given year, the majority of disaster costs are covered by insurance

a) True b) False

 

Q2) Natural hazards only become natural disasters when they intersect with an invulnerable community

a) True b) False

 

Q3) Emergency management in Canada is a well-established discipline

a)            True

b)            False

 

Q4) A severe hazard associated with a low vulnerability has a lower risk than a severe hazard associated with a high vulnerability

a)            True

b)            False

 

Q5) The Canadian Disaster Database is a website that provides information on the disasters that have occurred in Canada. The purpose of the questions on this website is to show you how to use the database and examine historical events on the website, enter the ‘geospatial edition’, select “All of Canada”, Meterological– and Geological in event type, 1900 to present (leave blank for present)

a)            True

b)            False

 

Q6) In the Canadian Disaster Database, enter the “geospatial edition”, select “All of Canada”, “Meteorological-Hydrological” and “Geological” in event type, 1900 to present.

A winter storm has the position as the highest estimated total cost at $4 635 720

433. The freezing rain caused massive power outages affecting approximately 3 228 750 in Ontario and 1.5M in QC. (Hint: sort by estimated total cost and select the event for more details).

c)            True d) False

 

Q7) There is a physical limit for the depth at which an earthquake might occur a) True

b) False

 

 

Q8) One tectonic cycle takes place over approximately 200M years.

a) True b) False

 

Q9) Scientist can compute tomographic images showing subducting plates

a)            True

b)            False

 

Q10) Most faults are expressed at the surface

a) True b) False

 

Q11) The top layer of soil (0-50km) has a major impact on ground

motion such as local site amplification, liquefaction, and landslides

a) True b) False

 

Q12) The 1906 San Franciso earthquakes resulted in fires that did 10 times more damage that the earthquake itself. As a result, officials prefer to describe the event as a “human-made disaster”

a)            True

b)            False

 

Q13) The earthquakes Canada website is the federal governments

website to provides information on recent earthquakes, data for scientists, measures for the general public, and more. In the questions associated with this website, we will explore the site’s content. Go to products/ Research (left column) and open the “Earthquakes in southwestern BC” publication, Earthquakes in the North American plate are the most shallow, and can cause the most damage.

a)            True

b)            False

 

Q14) At the earthquakes Canada website go to Products/Research (left column) and open the “Earthquakes in southwestern BC” publication. This seismic region is known as the Cascadia subduction zone and earthquakes can occur in the subducting Juan de Fuca plate, the over-riding Eurasian plate and at the plate boundary

a) True b) False

 

Q15) Aftershocks can continue for years after the main shock earthquake event.

a)            True

 

b)            False

 

Q16) Which type of natural disaster is increasing in frequency both in Canada and worldwide?

a)            disasters caused by variations in the Earth’s magnetic field

b)            geological disasters

c)            impacts with space objects d) weather related disasters

 

Q17) What is the magnetic polarity of lava which cooled 2.5Ma ago (check lecture notes):

a)            zero polarity because the earth did not have a magnetic field at the time

b)            a mix of normal and reverse polarities depending on the minerals present

c)            reverse polarity d) normal polarity

 

Q18) Subduction occurs when

a)            a dense lithospheric plate descends beneath a less-dense lithospheric

                plate

b)            a lithospheric plate moves above a hot spot

c)            new crust is formed between lithospheric plates

d)            two continents collide

 

Q19) Building a dyke is an example of a)adaptation

b)migraton c)preparedness d)response

 

Q20) In the Canadian disaster database, to be defined as a disaster, an event must meet one of the following criteria except

a)            appeal for national/international assistance

b)            10 or more people affected /injured/infected/evacuated or homeless

c)            historical significance

d)            significant damage such that the community cannot recover on its own

 

Q21) In the Canadian Disaster Database, geospatial edition, select “All of Canada”, Meteorological-Hydrological and Geological 1900 to present Amongst the top 5 events with the most evacuations, which of the following is FALSE?

Hint: sort by evacuated to have the events listed from highest to lowest fatalities

a)            a flash flood in Southern Alberta in 2013 forced 100,000 individuals to    

 

                evacuated

 

b)            A flood in Winnipeg, 1950, led to the evacuation of a third of the city’s population

c)            a wild fire led to the evacuation of 90, 000 people from Fort McMurray, Alberta, 2016. International support was received for this event with firefighters from the U.S, Mexico and South Africa assisting.

d)            Severe hail and rain led to the flooding of basements and led to the evacuation of the West Edmonton Mall in 2004

 

Q22) In the All hazards emergency management approach, which of the following is FALSE:

a)            this approach can only be used to address natural disaster related          

                issues

b)            this approach emphasizes leveraging common capabilities across the entire emergency management system

c)            this approach does not literally mean, preparing to address any and all potential hazards in existence

d)            this approach improves the ability to address unknown hazards or risks

 

Q23) which topographic feature is formed when the seafloor is spreading?

a) continental shelf b) mid-ocean ridge

c)            oceanic trench

d)            underwater mountain belt

 

Q24) During an earthquake, seismic waves are generated. Identify the TRUE statement

a)            3 types of waves are generated

b)            surface waves are the fastest

c)            The P wave travels at constant speed through all materials

d)            The P and S waves from 3 seismograph stations are used to determine

                the epicenter

 

Q25) At the earthquakes Canada website go to “Stations and Data” (left column) and open the “How we record earthquakes “ document. Identify the FALSE statement

a)            to completely characterize the Earth’s movement, the motion must be measured in 3 perpendicular directions

b)            Modern day seismometers work electromagnetically with a mass           

                suspended on springs

c)            Earthquakes waves decrease in strength as they travel through the earth

d)            Traditional seismographs consisted of a sensing element, called a seismometer, an amplifier, and a hardcopy display unit often using photographic or heat-sensitive paper

 

Q26) At the earthquake Canada website go to “Products/ Research (left column) and review the seismogrpahs in Canada publication Identify the FALSE statement.

a)            Siesmometers convert ground motion vibrations into an electrical signal that in turn is converted into a digital signal.

b)            to record clear earthquake signals, seismometers are often installed on solid rock, far away from sources of noise such as trucks, trains and pounding surf

c)            there are 200 sesimographs continuously recording local and global earthquakes all of which are operated by the NRC

d)            there are no seismographs in operated by the NRC in Saskatchewan.

 

Q27) Regarding intensity and magnitude of an earthquake. Identify the FALSE statement

a)            intensity measures the effects of an earthquake on people and infrastructure

b)            A shakemap is used to map intensity

c)            Magnitude is the amount of destruction released in an earthquake

d)            The mercalli intensity scale is a descriptive and subjective scheme based on eyewitness accounts and damage to infrastructure.

 

Q28) The department of public safety operates the “Get prepared” website which provides useful tips to the public on how to prepare for a natural disaster. We will explore this information.

a)            buildings do not automatically collapse in earthquakes

b)            if you are close to the source of a small/moderate earthquake, you may hear a bang followed by shaking

c)            windows may break during a large earthquake

d)            in a high-rise apartment the floors on the bottom will sway side to side

                during a large earthquake

 

Q29) At the get prepared website, go to “hazards and emergencies”, “hazards”, “earthquakes” and “What to do. During an earthquake”. Identify the FALSE statement

                a) During an earthquake, you should drop under heavy furniture or under a       

                doorway

b)            stay inside  if you are indoors and stay outside if you are outdoors

c)            if you are in a car, do not get out if downed power lines lay on top of the car

d)            during an earthquake, stay away from windows

 

Q30) You work for a condo developer and wish to build your next condo in the city with the lowest seismic hazard. Given the options below, you choose

a)            Victoria, BC

b)            Montreal, QC c) Regina, SK

 

d) Halifax, NB