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University of California, San Diego PSYC 124 Chapter 12

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University of California, San Diego

PSYC 124

Chapter 12. Personality Disorders

1)Individuals with schizoid personality disorder are often described as:

A.            loners, who have very few, if any, close relationships with others

B.            those who fail to express a normal range of emotions

C.            those who appear to get little sensory or intellectual reward from any activities

D.            All of the above

2.            Which of the following is not a subtype of dramatic/emotional personality disorders?

3.            In 1999 the UK Home Office and the Department of Health published a report that introduced a new term: dangerous people with severe personality disorders (DSPD). This refers to individuals who exhibit:

4.            In borderline personality disorder the results of the emotional roller-coaster and fear of abandonment and rejection are:

A.            regular and unpredictable shifts in self-image

B.            prolonged bouts of depression

C.            deliberate self-harm

D.            All of the above

 

5.            Zanarini, Frankenburg, Dubo, Sickel et al., (1998) found that        of individuals diagnosed with BPD met with the criteria for an anxiety disorder:

6.            Campbell (1999) found that individuals with narcissistic personality disorder tend to prefer partners that are openly:

7.            Anxious/fearful personality disorders constitute cluster C. Which of the following is not one of these?

8.            Dependent personality disorder is characterised by a:

9.            Data from American and European studies suggest that the prevalence rates for personality disorders in the general population is around:

10.          There was thought to be a significant gender bias in histrionic personality disorder, with women accounting for around what percentage of those diagnosed?

11.          According to psychodynamic theory which of the following is NOT deemed to be characteristic of the parents of an individual with paranoid personality disorder?

12.          Because antisocial personality disorder is closely associated with criminal and antisocial behaviour, considerable effort has been invested in attempting which of the following?

A.            Identifying childhood and adolescent behaviours may help to predict later adolescer

B.            Working to ascertain whether there is an inherited or genetic component to APD

C.            Working to identify any biological or psychological processes that may be involved in A

D.            All of the above

13.          Persistent and aggressive behaviour before the age of 11-years is also a good predictor of APD in adulthood. Which of the following is also a good predictor?

A.            Low IQ

B.            Low self-esteem

C.            Early fighting

D.            All of the above

14.          Young et al. (2003) suggested that behaviour of individuals with APD appears impulsive and unpredictable due to switching quickly and unpredictably between dysfunctional:

15.          Individuals with APD frequently fail to show any signs of fear learning in aversive conditioning procedures and functional brain imaging studies have shown that this failure to learn is accompanied by:

16.          More recent research has linked BPD with bipolar disorder, and the two are often comorbid. A number of individuals with BPD belong to a broader:

17.          Neuroimaging techniques of individuals with BPD have revealed abnormalities in a number of brain areas. Which of the following is not thought to be implicated?

18.          According to psychodynamic theory, people are motivated to respond to the world through the perspectives they have learned from important other people in their developmental past. This is called:

19.          Young, Klosko & Weishaar (2003) suggested that individuals with BPD may develop a similar set of dysfunctional schema modes to those acquired by individuals with:

 

20.          Psychodynamic theories of narcissistic PD have argued that the traits associated with this disorder result from childhood experiences with:

21.          Which of the following is not associated with mec personality disorder?

22.          Some clinicians have highlighted what appear to be many formalistic similarities between dependent personality disorder and depression. These similarities include:

A.            Indecisiveness

B.            Pessimism

C.            Self-doubting

D.            All of the above

23.          Therapists have utilised a broad range of differing therapeutic procedures with varying degrees of success. In general, individuals with personality disorders will need to acquire the skill of mentalisation which is:

24.          Drugs are frequently used in an attempt to treat individuals with personality disorders, but they tend to be used to tackle symptoms of any comorbid psychiatric disorder rather than the symptoms of the personality disorder itself. Individuals with comorbid anxiety disorders, such as social phobia or panic disorder can be prescribed:

25.          Which of the following do therapists view as an important mechanism of change in personality disorders?

26.          Which of the following is attempted by psychodynamic therapists when trying to take a more active approach to treating personality disorders?

27.          One particular form of therapy that has been successfully used to treat individuals with personality disorders and involves providing them with insight into their dysfunctional ways of thinking, and is designed to provide them with the necessary skills to overcome these problematic ways of thinking and behaving is known as:

28.          When treating personality disorder, schemata therapy outlines how many specific stages for therapy?

29.          Personality disorders (PD) consist of a loosely-bound cluster of sub-types. Which of the following common features are evident in PD?

A.            they are characterized by an enduring pattern of behaviour that deviates markedly from expectations within that culture

B.            they are associated with unusual ways of interpreting events, unpredictable mood swings, or impulsive behaviour

C.            they result in impairments in social and occupational functioning

D.            All of the above

30.          Which of the following is the most well-known of the personality disorders?

31.          Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of individuals with paranoid personality disorder

 

32.          An Individual with a schizotypal personality disorder will usually exhibit which of the following characteristics?

A.            eccentric' behaviour marked by odd patterns of thinking and communication

B.            discomfort with close personal relationships

C.            often exhibit unusual ideas of reference

D.            All of the above

33.          The term 'sociopath' or 'psychopath' is sometimes used to describe which type of personality disorder

34.          An individual with narcissistic personality disorder will routinely overestimate their abilities and inflate their accomplishments, and this is characterized by which of the following?

35.          The apparent lack of empathy and the tendency to exploit others for self-benefit, has lead psychologists to compare narcissistic personality disorder with which one of the following?

36.          Which of the following are considered to be the main features of avoidant personality disorder?

A.            Persistent social inhibition

B.            Feelings of inadequacy

C.            Hypersensitivity to negative evaluation

D.            All of the above

37.          Some clinicians have come to believe that antisocial personality disorder and social phobia are both components of a broader spectrum called:

38.          An Individual with Dependent Personality Disorder will exhibit which of the following?

A.            Submissive and clinging behaviour

B.            have great difficulty making everyday decisions

C.            passive behaviours

D.            All of the above

39.          An Individual with Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder will exhibit which of the following characteristics?

A.            Exceptionally perfectionist tendencies

B.            A preoccupation with orderliness

C.            They will stick to rules

D.            All of the above

 

40.          Which of the following is NOT considered to be a risk factors for personality disorders?

41.          The formalistic similarities between Cluster A disorders and schizophrenia have led researchers to argue that they are part of a broader

42.          According to psychodynamic theory which of the following is NOT deemed to be characteristic of the parents of an individual with paranoid personality disorder

43.          Antisocial Personality Disorder is closely associated with criminal and antisocial behaviour. Because of this, considerable effort has been invested in attempting which of the following?

A.            to identify childhood and adolescent behaviours that may help to predict later adolescent and adult APD

B.            to ascertain whether there is an inherited or genetic component to APD

C.            to identify any biological or psychological processes that may be involved in APD

D.            All of the above

44.          Personality disorders are an enduring patterns of behaviour that persist from childhood into adulthood and because of this fact, one of the best predictors of APD in adulthood is a diagnosis of

45.          Behaviour of individuals with Antisocial Personality Disorder often appears impulsive and unpredictable due to switching quickly and unpredictably between:

46.          More recent research has linked Borderline Personality Disoder (BPD) with bipolar disorder, and the two are often comorbid. Some individuals with BPD belong to a broader:

47.          Evidence suggests that individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder have a number of brain abnormalities that may give rise to impulsive behaviour. There is evidence for dysfunction in brain:

48.          According to psychodynamic theory individuals are sometimes motivated to respond to the world through the perspectives they have learnt from important other people in their developmental past. This is called:

 

49.          Psychodynamic theories of personality disorders that individuals with weak egos engage in a defence mechanism called:

50.          Narcissistic personality disorder is also closely associated with antisocial personality disorder (APD),. Which of the following is not a way in narcissistic individuals will regularly act:

51.          Which of the following is not usually associated with Avoidant Personality Disorder?

52.          Which of the following is a particular example of psychodynamic treatment which attempts to strengthen the individual's weak ego so that they are able to address issues in their life without constantly flipping from one extreme view to another:

53.          There is one particular form of therapy that has been successfully used to treat individuals with personality disorders and involves providing them with insight into their dysfunctional ways of thinking, and is designed to provide them with the necessary skills to overcome these problematic ways of thinking and behaving. Which of the following is this therapy?

54.          In the treatments of individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder a therapist may change dysfunctional schemata by:

55.          Which of the following could be described as a stage of schemata therapy for personality disorder?

A.            Developing self-knowledge

B.            Identifying and prevent schemata avoidance responses

C.            Examine the life experiences

D.            All of the above

56.          Which of the following is not a DSM-IV-TR criterion for schizoid personality disorder?