Pasco-Hernando Community College

DEP2002 2004

1)Kalya considers herself more than an adolescent but not yet fully an adult. This would qualify her as being in the state known as                                                                         adulthood.

1. 1. tween
   2. passage

c. emerging

d. formal

2. Role transitions always:

1. 1. occur at the same age for individuals within a given cultural population.
   2. involve family relationships.
   3. lead to significant increases in stress.

d. involve the acquisition of new responsibilities.

3. Yacef suddenly finds himself newly married and out of school with a new job. Yacef is     experiencing:

a. role transition.

2. reflective judgment.
3. possible selves.
4. fluid intelligence.

4. Which markers BEST describe the transition into adulthood in most Western societies?

a. Markers that are loosely defined and can consist of any number of events

2. No markers, as adulthood is not viewed as unique time of life in most Wester n cultures
3. Markers that are specific and tied to marriage and/or having children
4. Markers that are differ by sex, with female transition clearly defined and male transition loosely defined

5. In most non-Western developing cultures,                is the most important determinant of adult status.

1. 1. completing college

b. marriage

c. getting a job

d. having a child

6. As a female growing up in a Latino culture, Luanna will likely experience                            on her fifteenth birthday.

a. quinceanera

2. confirmation
3. marriage
4. legal adulthood

7. A rite of passage is BEST classified as a(n):

1. 1. implicit stereotype.
   2. biological event.
   3. reflective judgment.

d. ritual.

8. The youngest age at which most colleges label an individual as a returning adult stud ent is      .

a. 25

2. 35
3. 45
4. 55

9. Which of 26-year-old Tonya’s characteristics would qualify her as being a “returning a dult student?”

1. 1. The fact that she is leaving a job

b. Her age

c. The fact that she is the first in her family to go to school

d. Her sex

10. The               is not fully developed until the mid-twenties.

1. 1. hippocampus

1. 2. thalamus

c. prefrontal cortex

d. amygdala

11. The desire to live life more fully by experiencing physically and emotionally threateni ng situations is known as:

1. 1. multidimensionality.
   2. a rite of passage.

c. edgework.

d. plasticity.

12. Nicola is 18 years old and engages in many risky behaviors. For example, she drives very fast and recklessly, and does not use any protection when having sex. If Nicola is a t ypical adolescent, these behaviors will when she gets older.

1. 1. significantly increase in frequency
   2. slightly increase in frequency
   3. remain at the same frequency level

d. decrease in frequency

13. In what way do men differ from women in edgework?

a. Men use less rehearsal

2. Women use less rehearsal
3. Men are less confident
4. Women have fewer qualms

14. Who would Erikson say is MOST capable of true intimacy?

1. 1. Cindy, who is overdependent on her boyfriend
   2. Burt, who will go out with different people but finds it scary to go out with som eone more than a couple of times

c. Aileen, who has a clear sense of identity

d. Harrison, who is 16 years old

15. Which individual has likely resolved intimacy issues before identity issues?

1. 1. A high school student who is picking out a college at 17
   2. A man who joined the work force at 18, and got married at 25

c. A woman who married at 22, had children, and went to college at 30

d. A woman who joined the military at 20

16. Research on Erikson’s theory of identity and intimacy produced which conclusion?

1. 1. There are set pathways to achieving both identity and intimacy.
   2. There are several ways to achieve identity, but only one way to achieve intima cy.
   3. There is only one way to achieve identity, but there are several ways to achiev e intimacy.

d. There are multiple pathways to achieving identity and intimacy.

17. One of the MOST common markers of adulthood in the United States is:

1. 1. the initiation into a fraternity or sorority.
   2. getting a driver’s license.
   3. confirmation.

d. completing one’s education.

18. Which of these is NOT documented as evidence of student development while in coll ege?

1. 1. Advances in intellectual development
   2. Advances in social identity

c. Advances in emotional concerns

d. Advances in personal development

19. Who is MOST likely experiencing a “quarter-life crisis?”

1. 1. 82-year-old Dominica, whose spouse just died
   2. 62-year-old Kitt, who just retired
   3. 42-year-old Lucia, who just had a baby

d. 22-year-old Aruba, who just graduated from college

20. Which of these statements is FALSE?

1. 1. Many formal rites of passage are associated with religion.
   2. Shedding of formal rites of passage leaves less clarity to the point at which a young person becomes an adult.
   3. Defining oneself as an adult rests on one’s perception of whether personally r elevant key criteria have been met.

d. Achieving adulthood is faster today than in the past.

21. Which statement by 25-year-old Flossie, who is typical for a person of her age, is m ost likely FALSE?

1. 1. “I am as strong as I will ever be.”

b. “I am a lot less coordinated than I used to be.”

c. “My reflexes are as fast as they will ever be.”

d. “My height has likely reached its peak.”

22. The MOST likely sensory change between ages 25 and 50 would involve:

1. 1. the loss of ability to taste sour foods.
   2. a diminished ability to experience pain.
   3. having trouble seeing things that are near.

d. the inability to hear high-pitched sounds.

23. Young adult men aged 25 to 34 are:

a. 2.5 times as likely to die as women of the same age.

2. 5 times as likely to die as women of the same age.
3. half as likely to die as women of the same age.
4. just as likely to die as women of the same age.

24. Based on statistics, which of these 30-year-old adults is MOST likely to die within a year?

1. 1. Buster, a European American male

b. Tamarick, an African American male

c. John, an Asian American male

d. Nik, a Native American male

25. Smoking represents a major medical problem in the United States, with about                       

people each year dying from smoking-related disorders.

a. 4,000

b. 40,000

c. 400,000

d. 4,000,000

26. Which statement concerning secondhand smoke is TRUE?

1. 1. There is no evidence that secondhand smoke leads to any health problems.

b. Secondhand smoke exposure can lead to death.

c. Less than one-fifth of Americans have been exposed to secondhand smoke.

d. Nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke are more likely to die from lung c ancer than from cardiovascular disease.

27. All four of these people successfully quit smoking. Which person’s method was MOS T typical of successful quitters?

1. 1. Monett, who went to a treatment center
   2. Chuck, who went to a psychologist
   3. Mark, who went to his minister

d. Wendy, who quit on her own

28. People who quit smoking after smoking for a long time:

1. 1. may not get worse, but their overall health will remain bad.

b. show significant improvements in their health.

c. will continue to deteriorate but at a slower rate.

d. will remain at risk for heart attack but not for cancer.

29. In the United States, about                percent of young adults ages 25 to 44 consume al cohol occasionally.

1. 1. 90

b. 65

c. 30

d. 15

30. Gallo drinks exactly two glasses of wine per day. As a result, Gallo can expect to:

1. 1. end up in a treatment center for alcoholism.
   2. be at risk for cardiovascular disease.
   3. be labeled a binge drinker.

d. experience some health-related benefits from his actions.

31. Jimmy goes to a party with his college buddies and has six beers in a row. Jimmy’s b ehavior would be BEST classified as:

1. 1. alcoholism.
   2. light drinking.

c. binge drinking.

d. purge drinking.

32. Which of these people could be classified as being a binge drinker?

1. 1. Sarah, who drank three shots of tequila in a row within the past two weeks

b. Susan, who drank four beers in a row within the past two weeks

c. Scott, who drank four shots of scotch in a row within the past two weeks

d. Sarah, Susan, and Scott all reach the criterion for binge drinking.

33. Who is MOST likely to be a binge drinker?

1. 1. Jamaal, who is very emotionally expressive

b. Ryan, who is a member of a fraternity

c. Leslie, who works part-time

d. Emily, who studies approximately five hours per day

34. Which approach to diminishing binge drinking on college campuses is NOT considere d among the most effective strategies?

1. 1. Student involvement in designing the intervention program
   2. Programs that focus on social norms

1. 3. Changing the campus climate concerning alcohol consumption

d. Efforts based on limiting access to alcohol

35. Amanda is physically dependent on alcohol and experiences withdrawal symptoms w hen she doesn’t drink. Amanda’s experience with alcohol would be BEST described as:

a. alcohol use disorder.

2. a rite of passage.
3. binge drinking.
4. healthy behavior.

36. At a chemical level, alcohol addiction results in chemical changes that:

a. cause the body to crave alcohol.

2. destroy all GABA receptors.
3. reduce levels of serotonin and dopamine within the brain.
4. increase cellular development in the medulla oblongata.

37. Which of these is NOT among the three main treatment options for alcohol abuse?

1. 1. Mutual-support groups

b. Incarceration

c. Behavioral treatments

d. Medications

38. Bernice is very interested in studying how the energy needs of the human body chan ge through the life span. In other words, Bernice is interested in studying:

1. 1. cholesterol.

b. metabolism.

c. lipoproteins.

d. addiction.

39. Sixty-year-old Norbert says, “When I was a teenager, I could eat five big meals a day and still feel hungry. Now a couple of snacks can get me through the day.” What BEST ac counts for this age-related change?

a. Lower metabolic rate

2. Higher blood sugar
3. Drop in thiamine level
4. Addition of muscle mass

40. Richard has just been told by his physician that he should cut back on the amount o f fat in his diet. His physician is MOST likely concerned about the high amount of in Richard’s blood.

1. 1. vitamin D
   2. high-density lipoproteins

c. low-density lipoproteins

d. carbohydrates

41. Low-density lipoproteins:

1. 1. clear fat deposits from arteries.
   2. create sickle-shaped blood cells.

c. cause fatty deposits that can lead to blocked arteries.

d. are found in high concentrations in many green vegetables.

42.             help keep arteries clear.

1. 1. Trans fats
   2. Serotonin

c. High-density lipoproteins

d. Steroids

43. Which statement BEST describes the relationship between LDLs and HDLs?

1. 1. LDLs break down HDLs.

b. HDLs break down LDLs.

c. LDLs transform into HDLs.

d. HDLs transform into LDLs.

44. Who is at the greatest risk of a heart attack?

a. Forrest, who has high levels of LDLs and low levels of HDLs

2. Tucker, who has low level of LDLs and high levels of HDLs
3. Sawyer, who has low levels of both LDLs and HDLs
4. Gump, who has high levels of both LDLs and HDLs

45. A doctor is MOST likely to recommend that a patient consume higher levels of      t o increase their HDL level.

a. fiber

2. fat
3. sodium
4. yogurt

46. Sheryl’s physician Dr. Crow has just indicated that she needs to begin to take statin

s. If Dr. Crow is competent, he would know that Sheryl:

1. suffers from clinically depression.
2. has just been diagnosed with ADHD.
3. suffers from alcoholism.

d. has a high level of LDL.

47. A doctor is attempting to determine how healthy her patient is. She uses a formula t hat contains information regarding the patient’s height and weight. What is she most likel y measuring?

1. 1. LDL

b. BMI

c. HDL

d. ADA

48. An individual with a BMI of                or less is considered healthy.

a. 24

2. 34
3. 44
4. 54

49. Based solely on their BMI, how many of these individuals are at risk for health-relate d diseases: Dick, BMI = 20; Flick, BMI = 40; Hick, BMI = 60; Nick, BMI = 80?

1. 1. One
   2. Two

c. Three

d. Four

50. Socioeconomic status and                are the two MOST important social influences on he alth.

a. education

2. occupation
3. marital status
4. religious status

51. Who is likely to be the LEAST healthy?

a. Thales, who lives in poverty

2. Jose, who is a college graduate
3. Luzia, who is African American
4. Fabio, who is very wealthy

52. Who has the lowest risk of dying from a chronic disease?

1. 1. Gomez, who is a high school dropout
   2. Morticia, who is a high school graduate
   3. Wednesday, who is a college dropout

d. Fester, who is a college graduate

53. In the United States, the poorest health conditions are found in those living i n:

a. inner-city neighborhoods.

2. the South.
3. ethnic neighborhoods.
4. nursing homes.

54. Kali has a theory of intelligence that views it as being a combination of sever al factors such as fine motor skills, cognitive ability, and emotional control. Kali’s theory is:

1. 1. multidirectional.

b. multidimensional.

c. conventional.

d. a life-span construct.

55. The biggest point of contention among theories who view intelligence as multi dimensional concerns the debate over:

a. the number of abilities that underlie intelligence.

2. the degree to which race determines intelligence.
3. which single aspect of intellect specifically defines intelligence.
4. whether an individual’s level of intelligence can be measured.

56. Intellectual multidirectionality is based on the premise that:

1. 1. no two people develop the same way intellectually.
   2. there is more than one kind of intelligence.
   3. most aspects of intelligence cannot be modified.

d. with age, some aspects of intelligence improve while others may decli ne.

57. The fact that Molly’s spatial performance has declined while her verbal abiliti es have improved is support for the notion that intelligence is:

1. 1. conventional.
   2. multidimensional.

c. multidirectional.

d. a life-span construct.

58. The fact that a specific aspect of intelligence can be modified at any time dur ing the life span exemplifies the concept of:

1. 1. interindividual variability.

b. plasticity.

c. multidimensionality.

d. primary mental abilities.

59. Lai and Mei are sisters. As they have gotten older, Lai’s cognitive skills have improved while Mei’s have declined. This is evidence for the of abilities.

1. 1. multidimensionality
   2. multidirectionality

c. interindividual variability

d. Plasticity

60. Evidence for interindividual variability in intelligence is BEST demonstrated wh en:

1. 1. a single test of intelligence is based on assessing many different abiliti es.
   2. the same individual shows improvement in language skills while showin g declines in math skills.
   3. an individual’s singing improves after taking singing lessons.

d. one individual’s reasoning skills improve with age while another’s decli ne with age.

61. A baseball coach tells a pitcher, “With a little training, I think that you could le arn to throw a knuckleball.” This provides a good example of a belief in the       o f an ability.

1. 1. multidimensionality

b. plasticity

c. multidirectionality

d. fluid nature

62. The        approach studies how interrelationships among intellectual abilitie s are organized.

a. psychometric

2. organic
3. emergent
4. reflective

63. Dr. Ique has organized her lecture on intellectual ability around different skills that she has placed into meaningful groups. What would be the BEST title for Dr. I que’s lecture?

1. 1. Plasticity Forever

b. You and Your Primary Mental Abilities

c. Rites of Passage Around the World

d. Avoiding Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

64. Which is NOT a “primary mental ability?”

1. 1. Number
   2. Inductive reasoning
   3. Spatial orientation

d. Fluid intelligence

65. Dr. Merchant points to a picture of elephants and asks a patient to describe what they see in the picture. Dr. Merchant is probably assessing:

1. 1. verbal meaning.
   2. number.

c. word fluency.

d. inductive reasoning.

66. Mr. Vanderlay’s talents as an architect are mostly due to his ability to visualiz e buildings in three dimensions as they are being designed. This suggests that Mr. Vanderlay has outstanding   abilities.

1. 1. inductive reasoning

b. spatial orientation

c. word fluency

d. number

67. Cam has never seen an American football game. After watching about 20 pla ys, however, he is able to accurately describe the general premise of the game. T his ability suggests that Cam is skilled at:

a. inductive reasoning.

2. number interpretation.
3. verbal meaning.
4. spatial orientation.

68. Schaie’s influential study on intellectual change over time utilizes the re search design he invented.

1. 1. cross-sectional
   2. longitudinal

c. sequential

d. postformal

69. According to Schaie’s research, the fact that most 60-year-olds today would s core higher on an intelligence test than a group of 60-year-olds would have in 194 0 is BEST explained by a cohort effect involving:

1. 1. age.

b. educational experience.

c. heredity.

d. drop-out rate.

70. The ability to extrapolate from particular facts to general concepts is called:

1. 1. deductive reasoning.

b. inductive reasoning.

c. word meaning.

d. factual knowledge.

71. Primary mental ability is to secondary mental ability as                                    is to                 .

1. 1. crystallized intelligence; fluid intelligence
   2. child; adult

c. specific; general

d. conventional; postconventional

72. Which statement is TRUE?

a. Secondary mental abilities are measured indirectly.

2. Primary mental abilities subsume secondary mental ability.
3. Secondary mental abilities develop in childhood, and primary mental abi lities develop in adulthood.
4. Primary mental abilities develop in childhood, and secondary mental abi lities develop in adulthood.

73. Fluid intelligence consists of abilities that:

a. allow for more flexible and adaptive thinking.

2. are acquired throughout the life span.
3. are considered primary mental abilities but not secondary mental abiliti es.
4. include verbal skills but not inductive or abstract thinking.

74. Which type of task is BEST suited to assessing fluid intelligence?

1. 1. A trivial contest

b. A timed maze completion

c. A test of cultural norms

d. A vocabulary test

75. Crystallized intelligence is:

a. acquired across one’s life.

2. best exemplified by sensory integration.
3. not very useful in solving real-life tasks.
4. best assessed on timed, standardized IQ tests.

76. Webster loves playing any game in which he can show off the large vocabular y that he has acquired. A competent psychologist would suggest that this skill pro vides the BEST example of:

a. crystallized intelligence.

2. postconventional thought.
3. fluid intelligence.
4. preconventional thought.

77. Someone who knows the answers to all the questions on a quiz show would be exhibiting:

1. 1. fluid intelligence.

b. crystallized intelligence.

c. postformal thought.

d. reflective judgment.

78. Even though Jennings is only 22 years old, he is already the “king of trivia.” If Jennings is typical, his ability to do well in trivia games will MOST likely:

1. 1. decline with age.
   2. remain the same throughout his life.

c. increase with age.

d. increase until he is about 40, then decline dramatically.

79. Crystallized intelligence is to fluid intelligence as        is to         .

a. vocabulary size; assembling a puzzle

2. a quiz; an exam
3. genius; smart
4. math; language

80. If you wanted to show that age decreases a certain type of intelligence, you s hould focus on testing participants’:

1. 1. general intelligence.

b. fluid intelligence.

c. crystallized intelligence.

d. primary intelligence.

81. At what point in an average woman’s life would her crystallized intelligence sc ores be MOST significantly greater than her fluid intelligence scores?

1. 1. Birth
   2. Puberty (around age 13)
   3. Menopause (around age 43)

d. Retirement (around age 63)

82. One of the MOST likely reasons for the typical developmental path for crystall ized intelligence is that:

a. practice tends to improve performance.

2. inherited skills tend to remain steady across the life span.
3. neuron pruning leads to a significant reduction in mental flexibility.
4. modern nutrition is better today than at any point in history.

83. Research suggests that higher intelligence in young adulthood:

a. is related to lower mortality in middle age.

2. does not provide a health advantage over the course of one’s life.
3. is related to neuron pruning that significantly reduces mental flexibility.
4. does not impact the organization of brain structures.

84. The theory that proposes that intelligence comes from a distributed and integ rated network of neurons in the parietal and frontal lobes of the brain is called:

a. parieto-frontal integration theory.

2. parietal distribution theory.
3. lobe integration network theory.
4. neuron network distribution theory.

85. The neural efficiency hypothesis states that:

1. 1. intelligent people show stronger neural activations in a larger number of brain areas than less intelligent people.
   2. intelligent people show weaker neural activations in a larger number of brain areas than less intelligent people.
   3. intelligent people show stronger neural activations in a smaller number of brain areas than less intelligent people.

d. intelligent people show weaker neural activations in a smaller number of brain areas than less intelligent people.

86. Postformal adult thinkers differ from adolescent formal operational thinkers i n that the adults are more likely to:

1. 1. use deductive logic.

b. consider situational circumstances.

c. be swayed by their own experience.

d. make quick decisions on complex problems.

87. What constitutes the highest level of thinking in adulthood?

1. 1. Conventional thought
   2. Sensorimotor thought

c. Postformal thought

d. Hypothetical-deductive thought

88. In order to qualify as a “postformal thinker,” one must be able to accept:

1. 1. egocentric thought as a necessity.
   2. the existence of a single truth.
   3. experience as the source of all knowledge.

d. contradiction as normal.

89. When Satoru ponders the question, “How can light be both a wave and a parti cle?” he is engaging in:

1. 1. a role transition.
   2. a rite of passage.

c. reflective judgment.

d. multidirectionality.

90. When Lorenzo ponders the question, “How can women remain in abusive rela tionships?” he is engaging in:

1. 1. a role transition.
   2. a rite of passage.

c. reflective judgment.

d. multidirectionality.

91. Jason believes that gun control is absolutely wrong and that the right to poss ess guns is an absolute right. Jason would probably be closest to the                                                                                                stage of reflective judgment.

a. initial

2. halfway
3. later
4. last

92. Ralphie believes that following school rules is important because a teacher’s authority should not be questioned. Ralphie would probably be closest to the                                                                                         stage of reflective judgment.

a. initial

2. halfway
3. later
4. last

93. The statement, “Nothing in life can be known for certain” is MOST likely to be uttered by someone at the stage of reflective judgment.

1. 1. initial
   2. second

c. halfway

d. last

94. When making a court decision, Judge Ito says, “I try to come to reasonable s olutions based on the best arguments that I have available.” Judge Ito appears to be in the stages of reflective judgment.

1. 1. initial
   2. second
   3. halfway

d. later

95. Mature thinkers tend to:

1. 1. view personal experience as the most critical element in decision makin g.
   2. view rules as absolute.

c. integrate emotion and logic in decision-making.

d. realize that tolerance and ambiguity have no place in decision making.

96. Which individual is MOST likely to effectively integrate emotion into their think ing?

1. 1. A female high school student
   2. A male college student
   3. A female in her mid-thirties

d. A male in his mid-forties

97. The believing that a statement like “marriage is more important than a caree r” is an absolute is MOST prevalent among which age group?

1. 1. Children
   2. Adolescents

c. Young adults

d. Older adults

98. Which of these BEST describes the way middle-aged people think about a yo ung couple who eloped over their parents’ objections?

1. 1. They emphasize the role that the parents should play in the situation.
   2. They focus on respecting the parents in this situation.

c. They emphasize the pragmatic factors, such as age, in this situation.

d. They focus on the importance of love in this situation.

99. Neuroimaging evidence indicates the integration of emotion and logic takes p lace in the     and the .

1. 1. anterior cortex; parietal cortex

b. prefrontal cortex; anterior insula

c. temporal cortex; pituitary gland

d. dopamine pathways; limbic system

100. Research indicates emotional intelligence:

1. 1. decreases with age.
   2. would reflect a U-shaped curve across the life span.

c. increases with age.

d. is not affected by age.

101. Regarding impression formation:

1. 1. young adults modified their impressions less when additional negative i nformation was presented.
   2. older adults make their impression based on the most recent informati on they have.

c. young adults make their impression based on the most recent informa tion they have.

d. older adults modified their impressions more when additional negative i nformation was presented.

102. A life-span construct represents a:

a. unified sense of one’s past, present, and future.

2. multidimensional conceptualization of intelligence.
3. fear that when people act in negative ways expected by others, they are doing a disservice to all members of their sex.
4. personal timetable concerning when someone else should experience s ome event.

103. Pepper has a firm sense of her childhood, who she is as a person today, an d how she will live her life in the future. This constitutes Pepper’s:

1. 1. possible selves.
   2. fluid intelligence.

c. life-span construct.

d. scenario.

104. Omar is thinking about a time to come when he will be married and have a f amily. This is an example of:

1. 1. an implicit stereotype.
   2. a life story.
   3. reflective judgment.

d. a scenario.

105. Harouna is thinking about graduating from graduate school and finding a job in which he can use his skills. This is an example of:

1. 1. an implicit stereotype.
   2. a life story.

c. a scenario.

d. reflective judgment.

106. Darren wants to be out of graduate school by age 25, married by age 30, and retire d by age 50. This is an example of a:

1. 1. life-span construct.
   2. personal control belief.
   3. life story.

d. social clock.

107. Gina is 40 years old and often reflects on her life. Special memories of child hood, high school, college, and her vision of retirement all seem to fit together. T his is Gina’s:

a. life story.

2. life-span construct.
3. scenario.
4. possible selves.

108. According to McAdams, a person’s developing personality is BEST reflected by:

a. the emotions conveyed in his or her life story.

2. a score on a standardized personality measure (e.g., MMPI).
3. the ability to engage in postformal thought.
4. the degree to which this person becomes reliant on rites of passage.

109. Which of these would BEST reflect a life story goal of communion?

1. 1. Being a powerful CEO
   2. Winning a Nobel prize

c. A lifelong love

d. Being your own person

110. How many of these items could be elements of someone’s life story: emotio ns, main characters, and a legacy?

1. 1. none
   2. one
   3. two

d. three

111. According to McAdams, a person’s life story is:

1. 1. set in a single direction and uninfluenced by culture.
   2. set in a single direction and influenced by culture.
   3. fashioned, refashioned, and uninfluenced by culture.

d. fashioned, refashioned, and influenced by culture.

112. Gabriella often thinks of herself as a mother and dreams of herself as an ac tress, but is afraid she’ll end up suffering from alcoholism. These are examples of:

1. 1. stereotype threats.

b. possible selves.

c. reflective judgments.

d. life-span constructs.

113. What requires the creation of possible selves?

1. 1. Postformal thought
   2. Reflective thinking
   3. Crystallized intelligence

d. Projecting yourself into the future

114. Research on possible selves development has shown that:

1. 1. older adults believe that becoming both the hoped-for and the feared s elf is under their control.

b. younger adults believe that becoming both the hoped-for and the feare d self is under their control.

c. older adults believe that becoming the hoped-for self is under their cont rol, but they have little control over the feared self.

d. younger adults believe that becoming the hoped-for self is under their c ontrol, but they have little control over the feared self.

115.              tends to be the MOST important domain for hoped- and feared-for self in older age.

1. 1. Intelligence
   2. Wealth
   3. Love

d. Health

116. Who is MOST likely to believe that she will achieve her hoped-for self?

a. Allie, who is 25 years old

2. Alison, who is 50 years old
3. Ashley, who is 65 years old
4. Abby, who is 85 years old

117. Kate thinks that no matter what she does, she will not be able to do well in her developmental psychology class. This perception is a sample of Kate’s:

1. 1. rite of passage.
   2. life story.
   3. crystallized intelligence.

d. personal control beliefs.

118. Merlin believes that he can get what he wants if he tries hard enough. This i ndicates that he has    sense of personal control.

1. 1. no
   2. a low
   3. a moderate

d. a high

119. Jim believes that he can improve his financial situation by getting a second j ob. Jim is exercising:

a. primary control.

2. secondary control.
3. implicit stereotyping.
4. skill acquisition.

120. Which statement BEST exemplifies the concept of secondary control?

a. “When my job gets tough, I will succeed with effort.”

2. “You can buy your way out of any situation.”
3. “My friends help me when I need assistance.”
4. “Always look to professionals for help.”

121. Emerging adulthood officially begins when you have your first chil d.

1. 1. True

b. False

122. Cultures in the developing world tend to have specific practices f or marking the transition from adolescence to adulthood.

a. True

b. False

123. The “quarter-life crisis” involves challenges faced by individuals in their twenties.

a. True

b. False

124. Most individuals do not reach their physical peak until their mid- thirties.

1. 1. True

b. False

125. Lung, mouth, bladder, and cervical cancer are all linked to smokin g.

a. True

b. False

126. Moderate drinkers have higher risks for cardiovascular disease tha n abstainers and heavy drinkers.

1. 1. True

b. False

127. Limiting access to alcohol appears to be the most effective means of reducing the incidence of binge drinking in college students.

1. 1. True

b. False

128. Low-density lipoproteins cause fatty deposits to accumulate in the arteries.

a. True

b. False

129. Poverty and racism are key reasons for the poor health conditions found in inner-city neighborhoods.

a. True

b. False

130. The fact that your abilities can be altered with experience underl ies the concept of plasticity.

a. True

b. False

131. Secondary mental abilities subsume primary mental abilities.

a. True

b. False

132. Fluid intelligence is acquired through life experience.

1. 1. True

b. False

133. The parieto-frontal integration theory proposes that emotional mem ory comes from a distributed and integrated network of neurons in the p arietal and frontal areas of the brain.

1. 1. True

b. False

134. Most children use reflective judgment when reasoning out real-life dilemmas.

1. 1. True

b. False

135. Postformal thinking requires the acceptance of multiple solutions.

a. True

b. False

136. Emotional intelligence is measured by the number of different emot ions a person expresses.

1. 1. True

b. False

137. Scenarios consist mostly of interpretations of a person’s past.

1. 1. True

b. False

138. According to McAdams, a life story helps organize the past events in a person’s life into a coherent sequence.

a. True

b. False

139. Possible selves become more numerous and varied the older a person gets.

1. 1. True

b. False