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Homework answers / question archive / University of Minnesota, Rochester GCD 3033 Essential Cell Biology, 3/e: Media DVD Quiz Chapter 12 H: Membrane Transport N: 1)Q: Which of the following membrane transport proteins forms tiny hydrophilic pores in the membrane through which solutes can pass by diffusion? A: A tranporter CA: A channel A: A pump   H: The Ion Concentrations Inside a Cell Are Very Different from Those Outside   N: 2 Q: Which of the following statements is true? CA: Na+ is the most plentiful positively charged ion outside the cell, while K+ is the most plentiful inside

University of Minnesota, Rochester GCD 3033 Essential Cell Biology, 3/e: Media DVD Quiz Chapter 12 H: Membrane Transport N: 1)Q: Which of the following membrane transport proteins forms tiny hydrophilic pores in the membrane through which solutes can pass by diffusion? A: A tranporter CA: A channel A: A pump   H: The Ion Concentrations Inside a Cell Are Very Different from Those Outside   N: 2 Q: Which of the following statements is true? CA: Na+ is the most plentiful positively charged ion outside the cell, while K+ is the most plentiful inside

Biology

University of Minnesota, Rochester

GCD 3033

Essential Cell Biology, 3/e: Media DVD Quiz Chapter 12

H: Membrane Transport

N: 1)Q: Which of the following membrane transport proteins forms tiny hydrophilic pores in the membrane through which solutes can pass by diffusion?

A: A tranporter CA: A channel A: A pump

 

H: The Ion Concentrations Inside a Cell Are Very Different from Those Outside

 

N: 2

Q: Which of the following statements is true?

CA: Na+ is the most plentiful positively charged ion outside the cell, while K+ is the most plentiful inside.

A: K+ is the most plentiful positively charged ion outside the cell, while Na+ is the most plentiful inside.

A: K+ and Na+ are carefully balance on each side of the cell.

 

N: 3

Q: Which of the following statements is true?

A: Inside the cell the quantity of positively charged ions is greater than the quantity of negatively charged ions.

A: Inside the cell the quantity of positively charged ions is less than the quantity of negatively charged ions.

CA: Inside the cell the quantity of positively charged ions is almost exactly equal to the quantity of negatively charged ions.

 

Lipid Bilayers Are Impermeable to Solutes and Ions

 

N: 4

Q: Lipid bilayers are highly impermeable to:

A: carbon dioxide. A: water.

CA: Na+ and Cl.

A: ethanol.

 

N: 5

Q: Which of the following inhibits ions from passing through a lipid bilayer? A: The watery environment on either side of the lipid bilayer

A: The hydrophilic exterior of the lipid bilayer

CA: The hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer

 

N: 6

Q: Given enough time, virtually any molecule will diffuse across a lipid bilayer.

CA: True

A: False

 

N: 7

Q: In general, which of the following will diffuse across a lipid bilayer most rapidly? A: A small hydrophilic molecule

CA: A small hydrophobic molecule

A: A large hydrophilic molecule A: A large hydrophobic molecule

 

N: 8

Q: Sodium ions, oxygen (O2), and glucose pass directly through lipid bilayers at dramatically different rates. Which of the following choices presents the correct order, from fastest to slowest?

A: Glucose, oxygen, sodium ions A: Glucose, sodium ions, oxygen CA: Oxygen, glucose, sodium ions A: Oxygen, sodium ions, glucose A: Sodium ions, glucose, oxygen A: Sodium ions, oxygen, glucose

 

H: Membrane Transport Proteins Fall into Two Classes: Transporters and Channels

 

N: 9

Q: What is the difference between transporters and channels?

A: Transporters discriminate between solutes mainly on the basis of size and electric charge; channels bind their solutes with great specificity in the same way an enzyme binds its substrate.

CA: Channels discriminate between solutes mainly on the basis of size and electric charge; transporters bind their solutes with great specificity in the same way an enzyme binds its substrate.

A: Channels will allow the passage of any solute as long as it has an electrical charge; transporters bind their solutes with great specificity in the same way an enzyme binds its substrate.

 

H: Solutes Cross Membranes by Passive or Active Transport

 

N: 10

Q: Which type of membrane transport protein can perform either passive or active transport?

CA: Transporters

A: Channels

 

 

N: 11

Q: The movement of an ion down its electrochemical gradient is called: A: active transport.

CA: passive transport.

A: osmosis. A: pumping.

 

N: 12

Q: The movement of an ion against its electrochemical gradient is called:

CA: active transport.

A: passive transport.

A: osmosis.

A: facilitated diffusion.

 

N: 13

Q: Which of the following scenarios requires an input of energy to occur?

A: The movement of a solution from a region of higher concentration on one side of a membrane to a region of lower concentration on the other side.

CA: The movement of a solution from a region of lower concentration on one side of a membrane to a region of higher concentration on the other side.

 

H: Concentration Gradients and Electrical Forces Drive Passive Transport

 

N: 14

Q: When glucose moves across a phospholipid bilayer by passive transport, which factor determines the direction of its transport?

CA: (A) The concentrations of glucose on either side of the membrane

A: (B) The charge difference across the membrane

A: (C) The amount of energy available to fuel the transport process A: All of the above

A: A and B, but not C

 

N: 15

Q: The inside of a cell:

A: is more positive than the outside of a cell. CA: is more negative than the outside of a cell. A: has the same charge as the outside of the cell.

 

N: 16

Q: All other factors (e.g., concentration, solute size) being equal, which type of solute does a cell tend to pull inside?

CA: Positively charged solutes A: Negatively charged solutes A: Uncharged solutes

 

 

N: 17

Q: In passive transport, a charged solute moves spontaneously in which way? A: Down its concentration gradient

CA: Down its electrochemical gradient

A: Down its osmotic gradient

 

N: 18

Q: An electrochemical gradient has a chemical component and voltage component. Which of the following will have the largest electrochemical gradient?

A: A positively charged ion present in high concentrations inside the cell

CA: A positively charged ion present in high concentrations outside the cell

A: A negatively charged ion present in high concentrations inside the cell A: A negatively charged ion present in high concentrations outside the cell

 

N: 19

Q: Which of the following has a larger electrochemical gradient across a cell’s plasma membrane?

A: K+

CA: Na+

 

H: Active Transport Moves Solutes Against Their Electrochemical Gradients

 

N: 20

Q: Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding active transport?

A: Some solutes are moved against their concentration gradients, from one side of a membrane to the other, using energy from ATP hydrolysis.

A: Light-driven pumps couple the movement of solutes against their concentration gradient to an energy input from light.

CA: A coupled transporter brings two different types of solutes across the membrane, both moving from higher concentration to lower concentration.

 

H: Animal Cells Use the Energy of ATP Hydrolysis to Pump Out Na+

 

N: 21

Q: The Na+-K+ pump in the plasma membrane of animal cells uses the energy from ATP hydrolysis to pump sodium and potassium ions against their electrochemical gradients. In which direction are the ions pumped across the membrane?

A: Na+ out and K+ in CA: K+ in and Na+ out A: Na+ and K+ both out A: Na+ and K+ both in

 

 

H: The Na+-K+ Pump Helps Maintain the Osmotic Balance of Animal Cells

 

N: 22

Q: Which of the following provides an accurate description of osmosis?

A: The movement of a solute from a region of high solute concentration to low solute concentration.

A: The movement of a solute from a region of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

A: The movement of water from a region of high solute concentration to low solute concentration.

CA: The movement of water from a region of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

 

N: 23

Q: Which of the following mechanisms prevents osmotic swelling in plant cells? A: The collection of water in contractile vacuoles

CA: Tough cell walls

A: The activity of Na+-K+ pumps

 

H: Intracellular Ca2+ Concentrations Are Kept Low by Ca2+ Pumps

 

N: 24

Q: Which of the following statements is true about the concentration of calcium ions in cells?

A: Calcium levels are kept high in the cytosol compared to outside the cell. CA: Calcium levels are kept low in the cytosol compared to outside the cell. A: Calcium levels are kept the same in the cytosol compared to outside the cell.

 

N: 25

Q: Which organelle is important for controlling the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol?

A: The Golgi apparatus A: The nucleus

A: Lysosomes

CA: The endoplasmic reticulum

 

H: Coupled Transporters Exploit Gradients to Take Up Nutrients Actively

 

N: 26

Q: Which term describes a coupled transporter that moves both solutes in the same direction across a membrane?

A: Antiport CA: Symport A: Uniport

 

 

H: H+ Gradients Are Used to Drive Membrane Transport in Plants, Fungi, and Bacteria

 

N: 27

Q: One type of bacterial H+ pump, called bacteriorhodopsin, uses what energy source to drive the pumping of H+ across the cell’s membrane?

A: ATP

CA: Light

A: The electrochemical gradient of Na+ across the membrane

 

H: Ion Channels Are Ion-selective and Gated

 

N: 28

Q: Solute movement through channels occurs by which means?

CA: Passive transport

A: Active transport

A: Either passive or active transport

 

N: 29

Q: Which of the following would be deterred from entering an ion channel with negatively charged lining?

A: Positively charged ions

CA: Negatively charged ions

 

N: 30

Q: What is typically true of ion channels? A: They are open all the time.

CA: They are gated.

A: They operate by active transport .

 

N: 31

Q: An ion channel undergoes conformational changes with each ion it passes. A: True

CA: False

 

H: Ion Channels Randomly Snap Between Open and Closed States

 

N: 32

Q: When an individual ion channel is stimulated to open (for example, by the binding of a neurotransmitter), what is the typical activity of the ion channel?

A: It opens and stays open until the neurotransmitter detaches.

A: It opens and then very quickly closes, triggering the neurotransmitter to detach.

CA: It flickers between open and closed states, but spends more time open while the neurotransmitter is bound.

 

 

H: Different Types of Stimuli Influence the Opening and Closing of Ion Channels

 

N: 33

Q: Auditory hair cells in the ear depend on what type of ion channel to detect sound vibrations?

A: Voltage-gated A: Ligand-gated CA: Stress-gated

 

H: Voltage-gated Ion Channels Respond to the Membrane Potential

 

N: 34

Q: Which type of ion channel plays the major role in propagating electrical signals in nerve cells?

CA: Voltage-gated

A: Ligand-gated A: Stress-gated

 

N: 35

Q: For voltage-gated channels, a change in the membrane potential has what effect on the channel?

A: It changes the width of the channel opening.

CA: It alters the probability that the channel will be found in its open conformation.

A: It either opens the channel or closes it, depending on the voltage.

 

H: Membrane Potential Is Governed by Membrane Permeability to Specific Ions

 

N: 36

H: Which of the following statements describes a resting membrane potential of a neuron?

CA: A state in which the flow of positive and negative ions across the plasma membrane is precisely balanced

A: A measure of 0 millivolts (mV) across the membrane

A: A value that is chiefly a reflection of the Na+ concentration gradient across the plasma membrane

 

N: 37

Q: In most animal cells, which ion can move through “leak” channels in the plasma membrane and, in so doing, establishes the resting membrane potential?

A: Cl CA: K+ A: Na+ A: Ca2+

 

 

N: 38

Q: When Na+ channels are opened in an animal cell, what happens to the membrane potential?

A: It stays the same.

CA: It becomes less negative.

A: It becomes more negative.

 

H: Action Potentials Provide for Rapid Long-Distance Communication

 

N: 39

Q: When a neuron is stimulated by a signal, the response is at first spread locally along the membrane by what means?

CA: Passive spread A: Active transport A: Action potential

 

N: 40

Q: What is incorrect about a nerve impulse? A: It is another term for an action potential.

A: It is electrical activity of the plasma membrane that is propagated rapidly along the membrane and sustained by automatic renewal along the way.

CA: It depends on the action of ligand-gated ion channels.

A: It can travel at speeds of 100 meters per second.

 

H: Action Potentials Are Usually Mediated by Voltage-gated Na+ Channels

 

N: 41

Q: When a neuron opens voltage-gated Na+ channels, what happens to the membrane? A: It polarizes

CA: It depolarizes

A: No change in the membrane potential occurs

 

N: 42

Q: During an action potential, which of the following actions does not help return the membrane to its resting potential?

CA: The opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels

A: The opening of voltage-gated K+ channels

A: The inactivation of voltage-gated Na+ channels

 

N: 43

Q: Which of the following activities restores the ion gradients across the plasma membrane of an axon after an action potential has occurred?

A: The opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels A: The opening of voltage-gated K+ channels A: The activity of K+ leak channels

 

CA: Pumping by the Na+/K+ ATPase

 

H: Voltage-gated Ca2+ Channels Convert Electrical Signals into Chemical Signals at Nerve Terminals

 

N: 44

Q: What is the name of the specialized junction between a neuron and a target cell?

CA: Synapse

A: Dendrite

A: Nerve terminal

 

N: 45

Q: An electrical signal crosses the synaptic cleft between the presynaptic and postsynaptic cells.

A: True

CA: False

 

N: 46

Q: When an action potential reaches a nerve terminal, what type of voltage-gated channels are opened and result in the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the cell membrane? A: Na+

CA: Ca2+

A: K+ A: Cl

 

N: 47

Q: The communication between neurons involves the conversion between electrical and chemical signals.

CA: True

A: False

 

H: Transmitter-gated Ion Channels Are Major Targets for Psychoactive Drugs

 

N: 48

Q: Transmitter-gated ion channels are major targets for the drugs used to treat insomnia, anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia.

CA: True

A: False

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