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Homework answers / question archive / Management from Global Shippers Inc, an international shipping business, is in the process of assessing the choice between two different cost structures for the business

Management from Global Shippers Inc, an international shipping business, is in the process of assessing the choice between two different cost structures for the business

Accounting

Management from Global Shippers Inc, an international shipping business, is in the process of assessing the choice between two different cost structures for the business. Option A has relatively higher variable costs per unit shipped but lower annual fixed costs, while Option B has the opposite-relatively lower variable costs in its cost structure but higher fixed costs. Assume that delivery selling prices per unit are constant. The table below contains critical information in making the decision: Option A Option B $100 Cost Information Delivery price (revenue) per shipment Variable cost per shipment delivered $100 $85 $60 $15 $40 Contribution Margin per unit Fixed costs (annual) $1,200,000 $4,500,000 Management wants you to write a professional report answering the following questions: Questions 1) What is the break-even point in terms of volume (ie, number of shipments per year). for Option A? Option B? (2) How many shipments would have to be made under Option A to produce operating income of $30,000 for an annual period?
Questions CA Sur 1) What is the break-even point, in terms of volume (ie, number of shipments per year), for Option A? Option B? (2) How many shipments would have to be made under Option A to produce operating income of $30,000 for an annual period? (3) How many shipments per year would have to be made under Option to produce an operating margin equal to 9% of sales revenue? (4) How many shipments are required under Option B to produce net income of 5180,000 per year, given a corporate tax rate of 40%? (5) Assume that for the coming year total fixed costs are expected to increase by 15% for each of the two options. What is the new break-even point in terms of number of shipments for each option? By what percentage did the break even point change for each case? How do these figures compare to the percentage increase in budgeted fixed costs? (6) Assume an average income tax rate of 20%. What volume (number of shipments) would be needed to generate net income of 5% of revenue for each option2 (7) Which option do you think is the more profitable one for this business? Explain. (8) Which option do you consider to be more risky to the business? Explain (calculate degree of operating leverage to help answer this question). 9 16 Ew

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Part (1)

Calculation of Break even point
  Option -A Option -B
Delivery price 100 100
Variable cost 85 60
Contribution 15 40
Fixed cost 1200000 4500000
Break even sales(Volume)    
Fixed cost /Contribution per unit ) 80000 112500

Part (2)

Fixed cost 1200000
Required operating income 30000
Total contribution required 1230000
Contribution per unit 15
So,the number of shipment needed to have an operating income of $ 30000 is calculted as follows
(1230000 / 15) 82000
Number of shipment needed(Option -A) 82000

Part (3)

Break even sales(Volume) 80000
Break even sales (80000 * 100) 8000000
Required operatin margin (9% of sales) 720000
Fixed cost 1200000
Total contribution required 1920000
Contribution per unit 15
Number of shipment needed to have 9% margin on sales for Oprtion -A              (1920000 /15 ) 128000

Part (4_)

Required operating income after tax 180000
Tax rate 40%
Then before tax income will be (180000 / 60%) 300000
Fixed cost 4500000
Total contribution required 4800000
Contribution per unit 40
Number of shipment needed to have net income 180000 after atx in option -B                      4800000 /40 120000

Part (5)

Calculation of Break even point if 15% increase in fixed cost
  Option -A Option -B
Delivery price 100 100
Variable cost 85 60
Contribution 15 40
Fixed cost 1380000 5175000
Break even sales(Volume)    
Fixed cost /Contribution per unit ) 92000 129375
Calculation of percentage of change of Break even point    
  Option -A Option -B
Current Break even point 80000 112500
Next Year BEP 92000 129375
Change 12000 16875
% of change (change /current BEP) 0.15 0.15
Percentage of change in BEP is 15% in both option which same as the fixed cost percentage change

Part (6)

Assumed question asked next year calculation
  Option -A Option -B
Next year BEP 92000 129375
Selling price 100 100
Sales value 9200000 12937500
% Revenue 460000 646875
Tax rate 20% 20%
After tax profit 460000 646875
Hence before tax profit    
(460000/ 80%) 575000  
(646875/80%)   808593.8
New fixed cost 1380000 5175000
Required contribution 1955000 5983594
Contribution per unit 15 40
Number of units needed 130334 149590

Part (7)

Option -B is more profitable

Part (8)

Degree of operating leverage
Fixed cost /Total costs
  Option -A Option -B
Fixed cost   1380000 5175000
Variable cost ( 9200000 -1955000) 7245000  
Variable cost ( 12937500 -5983594)   6953906
Total cost 8625000 12128906
Operating leverage                              (Fixed cost /Total cost) 0.16 0.43
Option -B has high Operatin leverage which means that firms with morre operating leverages expereinces significant changes when the revenue changes.And more sensitive projects considered as more risky
Hence based on this Option-A is better