Georgia State University

BIOL 2300

Test 1 Study Guide

1)Define the germ theory of disease:

 

 

2.  -Define pasteurization and its purpose:

 

 

3. List the primordial various roles of microorganisms in the environment?

 

 

 

 

4. Which microorganisms are capable of fixing atmospheric N2 and change it into a form that that possible to use by other organisms? What is the enzyme name that I required for fixing N2 into NH3 ?

 

 

5. Which group of living things have the proper enzyme to can break down cellulose (that is usually found in plant cell wall)?

 

 

6. How are microorganisms used in food production? Give examples

 

7. Define bioremediation. Give examples of products that can be eliminated through bioremediation.

 

8. Explain what is genetic engineering?

 

 

9. What is the purpose of genetic engineering ? give at least 3 examples.

 

 

10. Compare the differences between bacterial (prokaryotic) cells and Eukaryotic cells ? (see table in Ch 1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11. What are the structural and functional resemblances between Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells?

 

 

12. Describe the structure of a virus

 

13. Why are viruses not considered as cells?

 

14. What do viruses have in common with Cells? 

 

15. What is a prion (what type of the molecule are they made of)?

 

16. Name 4 diseases caused by prions in humans, cattle, and sheep.

 

 

17. How can prions be acquired by humans?

 

18. How can prions be transmitted to humans?

 

19. List at least three new bacterial diseases and three new viral diseases

 

 

20. What are the main causes attributed to the emergence of new diseases?

 

 

 

21. What are fungi?