University of Chester - NURSING 101

Chapter 06: Energy Balance

Nix: Williams Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 15th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1)What is a nutrient that does not provide energy for the body?

1. 1. A carbohydrate
   2. A protein
   3. A vitamin
   4. Fat

2. Energy is lost from the body as
   1. heat.
   2. urine.
   3. sweat.
   4. fat.

3. The unit of measurement used to refer to the amount of energy in food is the
   1. watt.
   2. kilogram.
   3. milligram.
   4. kilocalorie.

4. The total number of kilocalories in a snack that contains 10 g carbohydrate, 2 g protein, and 5 g fat is                              kcal.

1. 1. 17
   2. 68
   3. 93

d.   153

5. Which of the following represents an external energy cycle?
   1. The moon
   2. Growing plants
   3. Crystals
   4. Metabolism

6. After foods are eaten, they are converted into which of the following body fuels?
   1. Amino acids and fatty acids
   2. Fatty acids and glucose
   3. Glucose and triglycerides
   4. Glycogen and glucose

7. The metabolic rate would increase significantly with a body temperature of

a.    97.4? F.

b. 98.4? F.

c.     98.6? F.

d. 101.2? F.

8. The amount of energy the body needs to maintain life while at digestive, physical, and emotional rest is called
   1. the basal metabolic rate.
   2. indirect calorimetry.
   3. the respiratory quotient.
   4. total energy expenditure.

9. Metabolically active tissues in the body include
   1. the heart, kidneys, and liver.
   2. the brain, nerves, and hair.
   3. the liver, kidney, fingernails, and toenails.
   4. all body tissues.

10. Indirect calorimetry is used to measure
    1. basal or resting energy expenditure.
    2. the thermic effect of food.
    3. energy expended in physical activity.
    4. body mass index

11. The term for the effect of food intake on the metabolic rate is
    1. the thermic effect of food.
    2. the resting metabolic rate.
    3. the total energy requirement.
    4. indirect calorimetry.

12. The sum of basal metabolism, energy expended in physical activity, and the thermic effect of food is known as
    1. the metabolic rate.
    2. energy intake.
    3. basal energy needs.
    4. the total energy requirement.

13. When energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, the result can be
    1. anorexia.
    2. malnutrition.
    3. weight gain.
    4. hyperactivity.

14. An activity that results in increased energy expenditure is
    1. cleaning the house.
    2. balancing a checkbook.
    3. experiencing emotional stress.
    4. playing video games.

15. The thermic effect of food refers to the fact that
    1. all nutrients contain calories.
    2. certain foods are more stimulating than others to the gastrointestinal tract.
    3. the presence of food in the stomach starts the process of digestion.
    4. the process of digestion, absorption, and metabolism of food requires energy.

16. The body’s sources of stored energy include
    1. glucose.
    2. adipose tissue.
    3. undigested food.
    4. bone.

17. The basal metabolic rate is controlled by the hormone
    1. cortisol.
    2. growth hormone.
    3. thyroxine.
    4. insulin.

18. The first source of stored energy to be used during a period of fasting is

1. 1. amino acids.
   2. glycogen.
   3. adipose tissue.
   4. glucose.

19. Which of the following foods has the greatest caloric density?
    1. A banana
    2. Bread
    3. Nuts
    4. Milk

20. Nutrient density means the
    1. total weight of the nutrients in a food.
    2. digestibility of the nutrients in a food.
    3. concentration of energy in a given amount of food.
    4. concentration of nutrients in a given amount of food.

21. The liver and muscles store enough glycogen to last
    1. 4 to 6 hours.
    2. 6 to 24 hours.
    3. 12 to 48 hours.
    4. 24 to 72 hours.

22. In cases of extreme starvation, the energy substrate used as a last resort would be
    1. glycogen.
    2. muscle mass.
    3. adipose tissue.
    4. bone mass.

23. Fever increases the basal metabolic rate by approximately
    1. 1% for each 1° F increase.
    2. 7% for each 1° C increase.
    3. 1% for each 7° F increase.
    4. 7% for each 1° F increase

24. Energy expenditure is increased by
    1. physical exercise.
    2. mental work.
    3. stress.
    4. fatigue.

25. Energy needs per pound of body weight
    1. increase with age.
    2. increase throughout childhood.
    3. decrease with age.
    4. are greater in women than in men.

26. A 75-year-old man’s energy intake should focus on meals
    1. high in calories with nutrient-dense foods.
    2. low in calories and high in fiber and meat.
    3. with lower energy density and high nutrient density.
    4. high in energy, vitamins, and minerals.

27. Resting energy expenditure is
    1. the same as basal energy expenditure.
    2. slightly higher than basal energy expenditure.
    3. slightly lower than basal energy expenditure.
    4. more accurate for predicting energy needs than is basal energy expenditure.

28. Mr. Jones normally has a basal metabolic rate of 1500 kcal. He develops a fever of 100.6° F. His rate would now be approximately                                                   kcal.

a.    1550

b.   1600

c.     1710

d.   1830