University of Chester - NURSING 101

Chapter 04: Proteins

Nix: Williams Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 15th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1)Proteins are built from simpler organic compounds called

1. 1. indispensable amino acids.
   2. amino acids.
   3. fatty acids.
   4. monosaccharides.

2. The element that is contained in proteins but not in carbohydrates or lipids is
   1. carbon.
   2. hydrogen.
   3. nitrogen.
   4. oxygen.

3. Two types of protein in the body are                   protein and                 protein.
   1. complete, incomplete
   2. animal, vegetable
   3. dispensable, indispensable
   4. tissue, plasma

4. The number of amino acids that are indispensable for human beings is

1. 1. 6.
   2. 9.

c.     11.

d.   14.

5. What is the food that is the best source of indispensable amino acids?
   1. Black beans
   2. Peanuts
   3. Safflower oil
   4. Turkey

6. A protein that contains all indispensable amino acids in the correct proportion and ratio is
   1. a simple protein.
   2. an incomplete protein.
   3. a complete protein.
   4. an indispensable protein.

7. The number of kilocalories from protein in a sandwich that contains 24 g protein is                           

kcal.

1. 1. 6
   2. 96

c.     120

d.   216

8. An animal protein that has relatively little value as a dietary protein source when eaten alone is
   1. an egg.
   2. gelatin.
   3. milk.
   4. fish.

9. Proteins from plant sources that are classified as incomplete include
   1. wheat, peanuts, and corn.
   2. milk, nuts, and cheese.
   3. oats, gelatin, and soybeans.
   4. corn, chicken, and milk.

10. The primary function of protein in the diet is to supply
    1. energy for growth and development.
    2. insulation for vital organs.
    3. material for growth and maintenance.
    4. all 20 amino acids for heart maintenance.

11. Protein plays an important role in the body
    1. as the first source of energy fuel.
    2. in the conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage.
    3. as a coenzyme needed for energy utilization.
    4. in defense against disease and infection.

12. After a piece of grilled chicken is partially digested in the stomach, it eventually reaches the small intestine, where it is digested by which of the following enzymes secreted by the pancreas?
    1. Chymotrypsin, trypsin, and carboxypeptidase
    2. Chymotrypsin, pepsin, and trypsin
    3. Sucrase, pepsin, and carboxypeptidase
    4. Lactase, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase

13. Proteins are mostly absorbed as
    1. fatty acids.
    2. disaccharides.
    3. amino acids.
    4. polypeptides.

14. Pepsinogen secreted by the gastric cells is converted into pepsin by
    1. food in the stomach.
    2. hydrochloric acid.
    3. gastric lipase.
    4. pancreatic lipase.

15. Protein catabolism is increased in conditions such as

1. 1. pregnancy.
   2. childhood.
   3. puberty.
   4. illness.

16. The phase of metabolism that makes growth and repair possible is
    1. digestion.
    2. catabolism.
    3. anabolism.
    4. homeostasis.

17. A gastric enzyme that coagulates the protein in milk and is produced by infants but not by adults is
    1. hydrochloric acid.
    2. pepsinogen.
    3. trypsin.
    4. rennin.

18. A protein-digesting enzyme found in the stomach rather than in pancreatic secretions is
    1. trypsin.
    2. pepsin.
    3. chymotrypsin.
    4. carboxypeptidase.

19. The enzyme trypsin is activated by the enzyme
    1. zymogen.
    2. bile.
    3. gastrin.
    4. enterokinase.

20. The enzymes aminopeptidase and dipeptidase are secreted by the
    1. mouth.
    2. stomach.
    3. small intestine.
    4. pancreas.

21. Complementary proteins
    1. provide higher quality protein when eaten together.
    2. enhance each other’s metabolic actions.
    3. are more easily absorbed.
    4. taste good together.

22. In the mouth, protein foods are
    1. broken down to amino acids.

1. 2. broken up mechanically by chewing.
   3. broken down to peptides.
   4. coagulated by rennin.

23. The meal with the highest quality protein is
    1. an omelet with cheese, whole wheat toast, and orange juice.
    2. a stir fry with chicken, green beans, and carrots.
    3. a stuffed turkey breast, peas, and a baked potato.
    4. a bean burrito, corn on the cob, and a tomato salad.

24. Which of the following conditions might result in the greatest catabolism?
    1. Growth
    2. Multiple trauma with extensive organ damage
    3. Rehabilitation after routine gallbladder surgery
    4. Healing a broken bone in the arm

25. If the excretion of nitrogen exceeds the nitrogen intake, the condition is called
    1. total nitrogen balance.
    2. positive nitrogen balance.
    3. negative nitrogen balance.
    4. anabolism.

26. The grams of high-quality protein required daily for an individual who weighs 170 lb and is close to ideal body weight would be                                               g.

a.    45.2

b.   55.3

c.     61.8

d.   94.0

27. In planning a vegetarian meal, an appropriate combination of complementary proteins would be
    1. cornmeal tamales and beans.
    2. lentils and beans.
    3. bean sprouts and cabbage.
    4. whole wheat and rice.

28. A client weighs 130 lbs. She is close to her desirable body weight and consumes a total of 40 g of protein/day. The most appropriate nutritional counseling would be to
    1. increase her protein intake.
    2. maintain her current protein intake.