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1).The classical viewpoint of management emphasized ways to 

1. 1. build more synergy.
   2. include MBO.
   3. vary according to the environment.
   4. increase diversity.
   5. manage work more efficiently.

2. Frank and Lillian Gilbreth identified 17 basic units of motion that they called 

1. gilbreths.
2. time frames.
3. therbligs.
4. units.
5. action works.

3. A pay structure in which more efficient workers earn higher wages, as suggested by Frederick W. Taylor, is known as a(n) _____ system.

1. scale
2. differential rate
3. increasing wage
4. merited pay
5. wide wage

4. _______ suggested that organizations should be operated as "communities," with managers and subordinates working together in harmony. For example, in a publishing company run as a community, editors, editorial assistants, and publishers would work together to determine which books should be published.

1. Hugo Munsterberg
2. Adam Smith
3. Frank Gilbreth
4. Max Weber
5. Mary Parker Follett

5. Management science stresses the use of rational, science-based techniques and mathematical models to improve 

1. sales and customer relationships.
2. synergy.
3. cost-cutting and planning.
4. decision making and strategic planning.
5. decision making and goal setting.

6. Mary Parker Follett anticipated some of today's workplace trends, such as

1. quality assurance and transformation processes.
2. worker empowerment and scientific management.
3. management-lead teams and diversity.
4. self-managed teams and worker empowerment.
5. synergy and MBO.

7. Abraham Maslow proposed the 

1. worker empowerment theory.
2. hierarchy of production.
3. hierarchy of human needs.
4. self-managed teams.
5. Hawthorne effect.

8. The management approach that emphasized ways to manage work more efficiently is the ___ approach.

1. systems
2. quality-management
3. MBO
4. classical
5. contingency

9. The systems viewpoint sees organizations as entities made up of four interrelated parts known as 

1. inputs, outputs, transformation processes, and feedback.
2. vision, planning, design, production, monitoring, and follow-up feedback.
3. planning, inputs, monitoring, outputs, and feedback.
4. planning, design, inputs, monitoring, outputs, and follow-up feedback.
5. planning, design, monitoring, production, and feedback.

10. Behavioral science relies on scientific research for developing theories about human behavior that can be

1. used to provide practical tools for managers.
2. helpful when looking at competitive products.
3. used to provide sales tools.
4. used in behavioral science research.
5. used to establish MBO goals.