a.

Civilian Conservation Corps.

b.

Glass-Steagall Banking Act.

c.

Social Security Act.

d.

Agricultural Adjustment Act.

a.

wanted change.

b.

put their faith in Republican strategies against the Depression.

c.

were hoping for more of the same.

d.

were motivated by their anger against the Democratic incumbent.

a.

stock prices plunged on the New York Stock Exchange.

b.

President Hoover declared a national day of mourning.

c.

grain prices soared on the Chicago Commodities Exchange.

d.

seven members of the Chicago White Sox admitted to having received bribes for throwing the World Series.

a.

had long harbored doubts about the free-market system.

b.

proved too inexperienced to deal with the economic crisis.

c.

believed that the market plunge was temporary and would strengthen the economy.

d.

anticipated many of the New Deal ideas in his own communications with Hoover.

a.

cut tariff rates so low that American workers lost their jobs due to foreign competition.

b.

stimulated world trade by cutting tariff rates.

c.

raised tariff rates, encouraging a tariff war that stifled world trade.

d.

raised tariff rates, bringing a needed infusion of cash into the federal budget.

a.

immediately called for strong government programs to rectify the situation.

b.

believed that the economy would soon correct itself.

c.

took over as head of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.

d.

called on businesses to reduce profits rather than lay off workers.

a.

25 percent.

b.

17 percent.

c.

9 percent.

d.

5 percent.

a.

providing relief directly to the unemployed.

b.

encouraging the creation of small businesses.

c.

loaning money to banks, railroads, and large corporations to keep them in business.

d.

paying farmers not to grow crops.

a.

He thought the poor should look for work instead.

b.

He thought it would erode the work ethic.

c.

He was indifferent to their needs.

d.

He thought relief for the poor was the responsibility of local government.

a.

increased bank reserves to encourage lending.

b.

attempted to remove government requirements that set minimum prices.

c.

established savings and loan associations.

d.

provided emergency financing for banks and life insurance companies.

a.

sales events in which no item cost more than a penny.

b.

numismatic conventions that gained new importance at a time when cash was short.

c.

auctions in which a unified community would buy foreclosed farm properties from neighbors at agreed-on low prices in order to return them to the distressed owner.

d.

a nickname for crowds of beggars on the street all requesting pennies.

a.

was created over Hoover's veto.

b.

provided direct cash payments to needy individuals.

c.

loaned small sums to states to be spent on relief.

d.

created the modern "welfare state."

a.

He turned the army against unemployed World War I veterans, virtually destroying his reelection chances.

b.

Because he had not served during World War I, he antagonized veterans organizations by personally going out and talking to the marchers.

c.

He used force against a group that was widely considered Communist, winning considerable praise from many quarters.

d.

He simply waited out the marchers, knowing that eventually they would go home peacefully.

a.

was one of the few governors to mobilize his state's limited resources to help the unemployed and poor.

b.

tended to withdraw from the public.

c.

followed a conservative budget policy that made any deficit impossible.

d.

transformed the state's and the states' residents economic and political outlook forever.

a.

allowed the federal government to support private banks.

b.

closed all American banks.

c.

gave Roosevelt the authority to create government-owned banks.

d.

limited the amount of money people could deposit in banks.

a.

allowed the federal government to sell farm products to Asia.

b.

paid farmers not to grow crops or raise livestock.

c.

issued homesteads to needy families.

d.

was upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court.

a.

the special tax under the Agricultural Adjustment Act was illegal.

b.

government could not subsidize business in any manner.

c.

farmers were obliged to curtail production without government compensation.

d.

the government was obligated to help farmers affected by the Dust Bowl.

a.

It paid farmers to reduce production.

b.

It was a compromise drawn from Roosevelt's and his advisors' ideas.

c.

It implied a legal mandate for union organizing.

d.

Its regulations made price-fixing unavoidable.

a.

it regulated companies not involved in interstate commerce.

b.

it was too favorable to business interests.

c.

the federal government had no authority to implement collective bargaining.

d.

the government could set codes to fix prices but not set wages.

a.

Most Americans deserted traditional values in the face of such suffering.

b.

It became impossible to hold to traditional values as the Depression forced families apart.

c.

Marriage rates soared as Americans tried to create a sense of normalcy.

d.

Most Americans clung even tighter to traditional values.

a.

It only took a year to get their convictions overturned and have them outside again.

b.

It was the first racially charged case of such a kind in the state of Illinois.

c.

It involved spurious charges of rape against nine African American men and adolescents.

d.

The Scottsboro Nine were tried by a jury of their peers.

a.

They formed political organizations that elected several members of the California and Texas legislatures.

b.

New Deal legislation helped Latino workers organize throughout the West.

c.

Mexican farm workers won wage and benefit increases in a series of strikes.

d.

California growers encouraged hundreds of thousands of Mexican workers to enter the United States by promising them jobs.

a.

It had little impact on women's position in the home.

b.

Women became respected as breadwinners.

c.

Men found they had to help with household chores.

d.

Women who worked outside the home were viewed as not caring about their families.

a.

to employ young men from cities.

b.

to find jobs only for unskilled workers.

c.

to offer equal pay for all workers, regardless of race.

d.

to assist states with their relief programs.

a.

government-owned banks.

b.

federal pensions for the elderly.

c.

a guaranteed income for all Americans.

d.

free college education for all children.

a.

heavy taxes for rich people to provide a range of benefits for everyone else.

b.

impeaching Franklin Roosevelt for his socialistic ideas.

c.

cutting income taxes in order to stimulate business investment.

d.

sending unemployed black people to Africa.

a.

took up the cause of craft unions.

b.

specialized in the claims of women and minorities.

c.

modeled itself after the brotherhoods of the nineteenth century.

d.

brought together industrial unions.

a.

did little more than "make work" for a few hundred unemployed persons.

b.

hired artists to paint and authors to write.

c.

set national minimum wage standards.

d.

required that the federal government give a job to anyone who wanted one.

a.

pensions for Americans 65 and older.

b.

aid to state unemployment compensation systems.

c.

assistance to families with dependent children.

d.

how much further it went than Francis Townsend's proposals.

a.

established a minimum wage and a maximum workweek.

b.

authorized unions to bargain collectively.

c.

guaranteed workers the right to strike.

d.

provided protection for farm laborers.

a.

involved rumors of sexual misconduct on the bench.

b.

refers to the difficult time the court faced during major renovations of the court in the 1930s.

c.

was an effort by Roosevelt to add justices to the bench, creating his own favorable majority in the Supreme Court.

d.

was an ill-advised and pathetically executed attack on the Capitol by the KKK.

a.

created the Congress of Industrial Organizations.

b.

covered workers in the private and public sectors.

c.

defined unfair labor practices.

d.

created systems of unemployment.

a.

portrayed poor individuals struggling against problems that were society's fault.

b.

mocked the snooty customs of the very rich.

c.

showed how a poor individual could become wealthy if he had enough "pluck and luck."

d.

called for revolution by the nation's underclass.

a.

Mary McLeod Bethune.

b.

W.E.B. Du Bois.

c.

Louis Armstrong

d.

Huey Long.

a.

prohibited Indians from getting jobs with the federal government.

b.

stripped tribal councils of their remaining powers.

c.

authorized tribes to set up gambling casinos.

d.

gave Indians self-rule on their reservations.

a.

National Labor Relations Board

b.

Social Security system

c.

National Recovery Administration

d.

Agricultural Adjustment Administration

a.

Americans look to the federal government to solve economic problems.

b.

Federal power has shifted from the executive branch to Congress.

c.

The federal government has accepted the responsibility of protecting the civil rights of racial minorities.

d.

The groups that were wealthy and powerful before the New Deal have lost most of their former influence.