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CHAPTER 32: TWENTY-FIRST-CENTURY AMERICA, 1993-PRESENT TRUE/FALSE 1

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CHAPTER 32: TWENTY-FIRST-CENTURY AMERICA, 1993-PRESENT

TRUE/FALSE

1. One legislative victory for President Clinton came when Congress approved NAFTA.

2. By 2015, for the first time in the nation’s history, the majority of immigrants came not from Europe but from other parts of the world.

3. In 2013, the United States held its first high-level talks with Iran since 1979, when Iranian militants took U.S. embassy employees in Tehran hostage.

4. President Clinton, trying to persuade Congress to reject a free-trade bill, said that if the bill passed, the country would hear a “giant sucking sound” of American jobs being drawn to Mexico.

5. Bill Clinton was impeached by the House of Representatives.

6. George W. Bush won the popular vote in the 2000 presidential election.

7. In Afghanistan in 2001, the United States installed a democratic government led by the Taliban.

8. President George W. Bush gave control of Iraq’s oil supply as one major reason for the 2003 invasion.

9. Bush clinched reelection in 2004 by carrying the electoral votes of Ohio.

10. Between 1997 and 2006, home prices rose very impressively in Sunbelt states.

11. In 2008, Barack Obama ran an impressive Internet-based campaign.

12. President Obama stated that the ACA “was an experiment.”

13. The economic-stimulus bill is also called the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.

14. The Dodd-Frank bill called for government agencies to exercise less oversight over highly leveraged and highly complex new financial instruments.

15. By 2011, the conservative insurgency led by the Tea Party focused on the record-breaking federal deficit and the tepid economic recovery (2011 home sales were the worst in history).

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Yousef al Otaiba, the ambassador of the United Arab Emirates to the United States, warned that the radical Islamist leaders of the Islamic State posed:

a.	“no threat to either Europe or Asia”
b.	“no threat to the United States”
c.	“only a small threat to Israel”
d.	“an existential threat to those of us who believe in the true nature of Islam as a religion of peace”
e.	“only a minor threat to Islam”

2. By 2015, what was the percentage of people who were living in cities across America?

a.	over 60	d.	over 65
b.	over 70	e.	over 80
c.	over 90

3. By 2015, the largest number of legal immigrants to the United States came from:

a.	Canada	d.	Korea
b.	Mexico	e.	Nigeria
c.	India

4. What was the major factor in the Republican takeover after the 1994 midterm election?

a.	the health-care bill disaster	d.	the national debt
b.	the end of the cold war	e.	gays in the military
c.	the Gulf War

5. In 2014, President Obama announced that the United States and Cuba were going to:

a.	restore normal diplomatic relations	d.	boycott Russia
b.	war	e.	sign a free-trade agreement
c.	join forces to defeat ISIS

6. The DREAM Act of 2012 centered on what issue?

a.	sleep	d.	oil
b.	the American dream	e.	trade
c.	undocumented immigrants

7. The major purpose of the passage of NAFTA was to:

a.	give Clinton an easy political victory
b.	protect American industries such as steel and textiles
c.	reward Clinton’s supporters in organized labor
d.	promote freer trade with Canada and Mexico
e.	send American jobs overseas

8. All of the following were arguments in favor of health-care reform EXCEPT:

a.	the need to contain soaring medical costs
b.	the huge number of people without health insurance
c.	the costs to businesses of insuring their employees
d.	the idea that health alliances would benefit everyone
e.	the support of drug companies and the insurance industry for reform

9. Clinton’s plan for universal medical coverage:

a.	was partially approved
b.	was shot down in Congress
c.	increased his already impressive approval ratings
d.	was a minor part of his legislative agenda
e.	would make doctors federal employees

10. The Christian Coalition:

a.	unlike the Moral Majority, tended to favor Democrats
b.	founded a national chain of megachurches
c.	became a major political force in the 1990s
d.	advocated government anti-poverty programs
e.	was dominated by mainline Protestants such as Methodists and Presbyterians

11. The politician who led the Republican takeover of Congress in the mid-1990s was:

a.	Kenneth Starr	d.	Pat Buchanan
b.	Newt Gingrich	e.	Alan Greenspan
c.	Dick Cheney

12. The Republican Contract with America:

a.	aimed to reduce big government and limit the welfare state
b.	was enacted by the new Republican Congress
c.	gave the Republicans a winning platform in the 1996 election
d.	revived the moderate Republicanism of the Eisenhower era
e.	stated general principles, but lacked specific proposals

13. The welfare-reform measure passed by Congress in 1996:

a.	was opposed by the Republicans
b.	was applauded by liberals
c.	limited the amount of time one could receive welfare payments
d.	quickly began to lower poverty rates
e.	significantly increased federal funding for welfare

14. All of the following were features of the economy during the Clinton years EXCEPT:

a.	declining worker productivity	d.	federal budget surpluses
b.	surging stock prices	e.	a proliferation of dot-com enterprises
c.	low unemployment

15. The conservative mood of the mid-1990s especially manifested itself in a number of court rulings that limited:

a.	capital punishment	d.	affirmative action
b.	government spending	e.	sexual freedom
c.	church-state separation

16. The dramatic growth in American exports in the last years of the twentieth century was mainly indicative of:

a.	American military power	d.	the breakup of the Soviet Union
b.	globalization	e.	the falling cost of transportation
c.	government regulation of trade

17. What nearly cost Clinton his presidency was:

a.	his long history of improper sexual behavior
b.	lying about his relationship with a White House intern
c.	using public office to illegally enrich himself
d.	improper hiring and firing practices in the White House
e.	trying to pressure members of a grand jury

18. As a result of the Starr Report:

a.	Clinton was completely exonerated
b.	the Senate convicted Clinton of obstruction of justice
c.	Clinton had no influence for the rest of his presidency
d.	Clinton was impeached
e.	the personal lives of presidents were declared to be off-limits

19. In 1993, Clinton was able to preside over the signing of a peace agreement between the leaders of Israel and:

a.	Egypt	d.	Jordan
b.	Syria	e.	the PLO
c.	Lebanon

20. The fundamental source of instability in the Balkans in the 1990s was:

a.	the poverty of the region
b.	conflict over supplies of petroleum
c.	the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991
d.	German and Italian ambitions in the area
e.	conflict between Orthodox Christians and Catholics

21. In 1999, NATO air strikes helped stop “ethnic cleansing” in:

a.	Bosnia	d.	Kosovo
b.	Somalia	e.	Northern Ireland
c.	Haiti

22. During the 2000 presidential campaign, George W. Bush:

a.	emphasized how different a president he would be from his father
b.	promised he would be known as the environmental president
c.	stated his opposition to “nation building” overseas
d.	promised to attack and “take out” Saddam Hussein
e.	accused Al Gore of being a tool of the oil industry

23. Ultimately, the outcome of the 2000 election depended upon the final result in:

a.	Iowa	d.	Ohio
b.	Texas	e.	Florida
c.	California

24. Bush’s major legislative victory in 2001 came with Congress’s passage of:

a.	new environmental regulations	d.	a tax cut
b.	health-care reform	e.	banking-industry regulation
c.	term limits

25. Joseph Stiglitz is best associated with:

a.	economics	d.	physics
b.	mathematics	e.	psychology
c.	biology

26. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, did all of the following EXCEPT:

a.	paralyze the United States in fear and disunity
b.	kill about 3,000 people
c.	include the Pentagon as a target
d.	destroy the twin towers of the World Trade Center
e.	turn the lower end of Manhattan into a hellish scene

27. Osama bin Laden was all of the following EXCEPT:

a.	a wealthy Saudi	d.	a Muslim extremist
b.	leader of al Qaeda	e.	a fanatical enemy of the United States
c.	founder and leader of the Taliban

28. Within a few weeks of the September 11 attacks, U.S. forces led an attack on:

a.	Pakistan	d.	Afghanistan
b.	Iraq	e.	Iran
c.	Saudi Arabia

29. Most Americans personally encountered the war on terror at home by:

a.	being recruited into the military
b.	having the government tap their phones
c.	being exposed to biological warfare
d.	being limited in their choice of reading material
e.	enduring more extensive airport security and screening

30. By the 1990s, the most dangerous enemies of the United States became:

a.	the world’s remaining Communist countries such as Cuba
b.	left-of-center governments in Latin America
c.	neo-Nazis in Germany and eastern Europe
d.	shadowy terrorist organizations
e.	computer hackers and other high-tech saboteurs

31. The Bush Doctrine emphasized:

a.	close coordination of U.S. foreign policy with the United Nations
b.	preemptive military action against terrorists and terrorist regimes
c.	a determination to contain terrorism by keeping it where it already existed
d.	strengthening America’s nuclear deterrent
e.	using terrorism against terrorists

32. Bush’s stated rationale for attacking Iraq in 2003 was:

a.	that country’s presumed threat to the United States
b.	his personal hatred of Saddam Hussein
c.	the need to acquire Iraq’s oil
d.	the desire to make Iraq a democracy
e.	revenge for Iraq’s involvement in the September 11 attacks

33. In the war against Iraq and Saddam Hussein, the United States was most closely supported by:

a.	Germany	d.	Russia
b.	France	e.	Japan
c.	Great Britain

34. The fight with Saddam Hussein’s army:

a.	lasted just a few weeks
b.	resulted in thousands of American deaths
c.	was primarily a series of tank battles
d.	was won strictly through air assaults
e.	required the use of some small nuclear weapons

35. Bush won a second term in 2004 by defeating:

a.	Al Gore	d.	John Kerry
b.	John Edwards	e.	Hillary Clinton
c.	Howard Dean

36. In 2005, Hurricane Katrina:

a.	devastated the Texas Gulf coast
b.	caused the most deaths of any natural disaster in American history
c.	destroyed much of New Orleans
d.	brought an efficient response from government at all levels
e.	again allowed Bush to show his leadership skills during crisis

37. After Katrina, Bush’s presidency was marked by:

a.	renewed confidence and vigor	d.	continued Republican unity
b.	growing public disapproval	e.	serious attempts of impeachment
c.	a series of legislative victories

38. The Iraq Study Group concluded that:

a.	U.S. combat troops should be withdrawn from Iraq
b.	President Bush was wrong in deciding to invade Iraq in the first place
c.	Iraq should be divided into semi-independent states governed by Kurds, Sunnis, and Shiites
d.	the United States should immediately cut its losses by leaving Iraq
e.	as soon as Iraq was stable, the United States should invade Iran and install a democratic government there

39. As a result of the “surge” ordered in Iraq by President Bush:

a.	Americans once more began to support our involvement there
b.	the Iraqi government became a model of democracy
c.	attacks on American troops stopped
d.	the war in Iraq dramatically decreased in its monetary cost
e.	levels of violence in Iraq declined

40. The issue that dominated the last couple of months of the 2008 campaign was:

a.	health care	d.	Iraq
b.	the economic crisis	e.	illegal immigration
c.	the war on terror

41. The housing bubble of the early 2000s was contributed to by all of the following EXCEPT:

a.	predatory loan agreements
b.	rising home prices
c.	people purchasing homes with large down payments
d.	speculative behavior
e.	recovery from the 2001 recession

42. The housing industry crash in 2007:

a.	affected only some reckless speculators
b.	proved the virtue of free-market capitalism
c.	sent bank profits soaring, given all the homes they were able to acquire through foreclosure
d.	froze credit and provoked a recession
e.	had long been predicted by the Bush administration

43. The most evident sign of the economic crisis by October 2008 was:

a.	plummeting stock prices
b.	fuel shortages and long lines at gas stations
c.	a drying up of illegal immigration
d.	a large number of bankers being sent to prison
e.	growing public support for socialism

44. President Bush’s response to the financial crisis was to:

a.	state publicly that nothing could be done until the markets corrected themselves
b.	support a federal bailout of the banking industry
c.	put the unemployed to work building roads and bridges
d.	say he had lost faith in the free-enterprise system
e.	blame it on Americans being greedy and not saving

45. All of the following are true of Barack Obama EXCEPT that he:

a.	graduated from Columbia University	d.	was born in Kenya
b.	is biracial	e.	was a U.S. senator from Illinois
c.	went to Harvard Law School

46. The crowning achievement of President Obama’s anti-terrorism efforts was:

a.	victory in Iraq
b.	defeat of ISIS
c.	the discovery of Osama bin Laden’s hideout
d.	defeat of Afghanistan
e.	closing Guantánamo Bay

47. The centerpiece of President Obama’s effort to restore the economy was:

a.	rejected by Congress
b.	a huge economic stimulus package
c.	immediately successful in ending the recession
d.	tax cuts for the wealthy
e.	noncontroversial

48. In moving quickly on key issues and campaign pledges just after his inauguration, President Obama:

a.	lost much of his public support
b.	worsened economic conditions
c.	showed his inexperience
d.	was mimicking the government’s actions in the 1930s
e.	won the support of a good number of Republicans in Congress

49. In January 2009, angry activists coalesced into a decentralized nationwide protest movement soon labeled the:

a.	Green Party	d.	Party of Hope
b.	Reform Party	e.	Tea Party
c.	New Republican Party

50. In endorsing same-sex marriage, President Obama:

a.	knew the courts would rule in its favor
b.	sided with the Tea Party
c.	understood the issue had powerful political implications
d.	kept a campaign promise
e.	followed the lead of Russia

MATCHING

Match each description with the item below.

a.	was an Alaska governor and Tea Party favorite
b.	carried Florida by 537 votes in 2000
c.	became House Speaker as a result of the 2006 election
d.	was the independent counsel who prosecuted Bill Clinton
e.	finished third in the 1992 and 1996 presidential elections
f.	authored the Contract with America
g.	was appointed secretary of state by Barack Obama
h.	was the Federal Reserve Board chairman
i.	was appointed secretary of defense by Barack Obama
j.	was a central figure in a major sex scandal

1. George W. Bush

2. Hillary Clinton

3. Monica Lewinsky

4. Sarah Palin

5. Newt Gingrich

6. Alan Greenspan

7. H. Ross Perot

8. Robert Gates

9. Nancy Pelosi

10. Kenneth Starr

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