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For each of the scenarios below, describe the research hypothesis in an If A, then B form

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For each of the scenarios below, describe the research hypothesis in an If A, then B form. Then offer an alternative hypothesis; that is, a plausible rival explanation for the findings.

a. A researcher tested whether a new electronic system for monitoring halls would reduce the number of tardies at a large high school. At the same time, a new and somewhat confusing computer system was installed in each classroom for teachers to use in reporting tardies. The researcher found that the electronic system significantly reduced the number of tardies.

b. A researcher tested a hunch that teachers older than 60 years are far happier in their positions than their counterparts in private business. The researcher interviewed 100 older workers from both occupations and found that teachers were indeed happier than businesspeople in their later years. The researcher recommended that older workers seek careers in teaching in order to be happier.

c. A researcher tested the idea that gymnastic lessons for kindergartners will lead to greater athletic ability in high school. The researcher located two groups of high school students:

those who’d had gymnastic lessons as kindergartners and those who had not. Their athletic prowess was then tested with a battery of physical performance measures. The high schoolers who’d had early gymnastic lessons were clearly far superior as athletes to those who had not had such lessons. The researcher recommended that all youngsters take gymnastics lessons to improve their adolescent athletic abilities.