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Juan is an ELL whose native langauge is Spanish

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Juan is an ELL whose native langauge is Spanish. He tends to struggle with verb tenses in English, especially with the future tense. In Spanish, the present tense can be used to express a future action. For example, Nos vemos mañana (I will see you tomorrow) uses a present tense verb to express an event that will happen in the future. On the other hand, in English, the present tense is only used for actions occuring presently. The future tense must be used for future actions only.

Because of this discrepency between Spanish and English verb tense rules, Juan often comes up with sentences such as:

"I call the doctor next week."

Juan's interlanguage error is likely occuring for which of the following reasons?

Group of answer choices

 

a-L1 interference

 

b-Developmental Sequences

 

c-Language-learning environment

 

d-Fossilization