1. 1st law of thermodynamics

conservation of energy - energy can neither be created nor destroyed, can only be transformed

2. Second law of thermodynamic

Entropy is always increasing

3. Spontaneous process

utilizes entropy as a mechanism for forward reactions

4. Free energy equation

?G° = ?H - T?S°
- ?G° = free energy
- ?H° = change in the system's enthalpy (total energy)
- T = temperature in Kelvin
- ?S° = change in the system's entropy

5. What does ?G have to be for the reaction to be spontaneous?

-?G

6. When a system is at equilibrium ______

there is no further change in the concentration of products or reactants

7. Exergonic reaction

-?G
- energy is released
- occur spontaneously
-

8. Endergonic

Energy is put into the system
-stores energy in molecules

9. 3 types of cellular work within a cell

Mechanical
Chemical
Transport

10. amound of Energy released from ATP break down

7.3 kilocalories/mole under ideal conditions