Homework answers / question archive / Assignments Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Intra-Oral Dental Assisting PATIENT RECEPTION AND POSITIONING IN THE DENTAL CHAIR Describe the necessary preparation for the client as it pertains to the treatment area, clinical records and positioning of the chair

Assignments Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Intra-Oral Dental Assisting PATIENT RECEPTION AND POSITIONING IN THE DENTAL CHAIR Describe the necessary preparation for the client as it pertains to the treatment area, clinical records and positioning of the chair

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Assignments Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Intra-Oral Dental Assisting PATIENT RECEPTION AND POSITIONING IN THE DENTAL CHAIR Describe the necessary preparation for the client as it pertains to the treatment area, clinical records and positioning of the chair. Describe the objective when positioning the clinician to administer treatment. How should the clinician be seated when administering treatment? How far should the clinician eyes be from the client’s mouth? Where should the client’s mouth be in relation to the clinician’s elbows? Describe the four general positions of the client during treatment. Describe the contraindications for placing the client in the supine position. Describe the appropriate position of the traditional dental chair. Describe the effects of the maladjusted chair as it pertains to the operator and the client. How does the chair position change when treating children? Describe the position of the overhead light when working on the maxillary arch. Describe the position of the overhead light when working on the mandibular arch. Vocabulary Define: Body language body mechanics Supine trendelenburg Postural hypotension cumulative trauma work simplification ergonomics Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 2 TREATMENT PLANNING 1. Define diagnosis. 2. Describe the following examination techniques: Visual evaluation, palpation, instrumentation, intra-oral and extra-oral radiography, intraoral imaging, intra-oral and extra-oral photography 3. Describe the assistant’s role in recording a dental examination 4. Describe the components of the patient record i.e. Patient registration, medical dental health history, medical alert information, dental problem list, informed consent 5. Explain the importance of an informed consent form. 6. Why would vital signs be obtained at a dental appointment? 7. Describe the four components of vital signs. 8. What is the normal pulse rate for an adult and child? 9. Which artery would be used to obtain a pulse in the dental office 10. Why would a pulse be taken? 11. What is arrhythmia? 12. What would the difference be between men and women respiration? 13. What would be considered normal body temperature? 14. Describe the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure? 15. What equipment is used to obtain blood pressures? 16. Describe normal blood pressure. 17. When is a treatment plan presented to the patient? 18. Describe the different types of treatment plans. 19. Describe the sequence of recording dental treatment and services. Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 3 PRINCIPLES FOR INSTRUMENTATION Define: adaptation lateral pressure flexion angulation shank blade finger rest fulcrum carpal tunnel syndrome cumulative trauma Describe the different parts of a hand held instrument. Which hand is to be used as the dominant hand? Describe the modified pen grasp and the palm grasp. Describe the limitations of the palm grasp. Explain the objective of a finger rest. Which digits are used for finger rests. How is the finger rest selected? List and describe the variations of a finger rest. Identify the effects of excess pressure when using an instrument. How does the level II dental assistant use the mouth mirror, cotton pliers, and explorer? How does the level II dental assistant hold the mouth mirror, explorer and cotton pliers? How can the level II dental assistant prevent repetitive injuries? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 4 MEDICAL EMERGENCIES Describe vital signs. State purpose for obtaining vital signs List normal ranges of pulse, blood pressure and respiration for all clients State the purpose of recording this information on clients’ record Outline the dental assistant’s role in the following procedures, including preparation, transfer of armamentarium and recording of information; a. Personal history b. Medical history c. Dental history d. Extra-oral exam of hard and soft tissue e. Intra-oral exam of hard and soft tissues f. Diagnostic study models and bite registration g. Radiographs h. Photographs I. Vital signs j. Biopsy Define nomenclature State essential information recorded in the client’s clinical record Identify the protocol for emergency situations in the dental office Identify items and pharmaceutical agents requires in an emergency kit and a first aid kit Describe the maintenance of emergency and first aid kits, and control of pharmacological agents Describe the dental practice routine for handling emergencies Discuss prevention of medical and dental emergencies Explain the dental team member’s role in emergency situations Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 5 Identify signs and symptoms of specific emergency situations; state the appropriate response of dental assistants in emergency situation such as: a. Epileptic seizures b. Heart conditions c. Anaphylactic reaction d. Hemorrhaging e. Syncope f. Burns g. Hyperventilation h. Diabetes I. Stroke Describe how to administer oxygen in a medical emergency Explain reason for recording emergency care provided Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 6 IMPRESSIONS FOR DIAGNOSTIC STUDY CASTS List the different terms used for study casts? What is the purpose and uses of study casts? Review the types / properties / care and storage of alginate impression materials? Steps in preparation of the study casts/ clinical preparation List the material and equipment required when taking impressions? Describe the clinical preparation that is required when taking impressions. What client preparation is required? Selection and preparation of impression trays How do you choose the proper size of tray? What is the purpose of beading wax around the tray? What is the procedure for application of the beading wax? Describe the proper position for the operator while trying in the alginate tray. How are the tissues retracted during try-in of the alginate tray? How should the tray be inserted into the oral cavity? The impression material Describe the proper technique for mixing alginate. List the factors that will affect the setting time of the alginate. The mandibular impression and maxillary impression Describe the glaze technique. Describe the smear technique. Describe the proper loading technique for a maxillary and mandibular alginate tray. Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 7 What are the proper steps that should be taken for an alginate impression of the maxillary and mandibular impression? Describe the proper technique for removal of the maxillary and mandibular tray. The completed impression How should the impression be cleansed? Describe the appropriate landmarks for each impression. What determines whether or not the impression was good or not? (Evaluate and examine) How should the impression be disinfected? What is the proper care of the impression? Alginate Why would you examine the mouth prior to alginate impressions? Give 5 examples How much clearance should be allowed in the tray? Why should you muscle trim the impression? What is the proper water temperature used when taking alginate impressions? What do you disinfect alginate impressions with? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 8 PLAQUE AND CALCULUS What is the life cycle of plaque? What color is the acquired pellicle? What does acquired pellicle adhere to? (Give 4 examples) What is the acquired pellicle formed from, and how is it delivered to the oral cavity? When does the acquired pellicle form in the mouth? Where does the sub marginal pellicle come from? When does plaque form? Does older plaque adhere to the tooth structure more readily then new plaque? How old is new plaque? How old is mature plaque? How old is older plaque? What color is fresh plaque when stained? Which plaque is a greater threat to the oral health? If the patient has periodontal disease, plaque will have a greater number of what types of microorganisms. What is the inter-microbial matrix composed of? Give 5 examples of where you would find plaque? What is the purpose of the polysaccharide? How do you remove plaque? Where is supra gingival plaque located? Where is subgingival plaque located? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 9 If there is a greater number of supra gingival plaque, will this have an effect on the subgingival plaque? How many kinds of bacteria are in the oral flora? What do streptococcus mutants contribute to? What does acitnomycetes contribute to? What does lipopolysaccharide contribute to? Does plaque adhere to a smooth surface? Does plaque occur over calculus? How long before bacterial colonization is evident? The plaque found in diseased areas and healthy areas is the same plaque. True or false The pathogenic capabilities are related to what? Measuring the disease in the mouth is due to the amount of plaque. True or False Cariogenic plaque harbors what bacteria and contributes to what? Calculogenic plaque contributes to what? Periodontal plaque contributes to what? Is food present in plaque? What will encourage bacterial growth? What foods stimulate self-cleansing? What disease is plaque responsible for? What factors influence plaque development, give 4 examples? When should you perform plaque indices? What is the name of the plaque indices that is the easiest to use? Name the two ions that help with the formation of calculus. Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 10 Where does calculus form? When does calculus form? As plaque completes its life cycle it fully mineralizes in how many days? What would contribute to calculus build up? What color is supra gingival calculus? Where does it appear? Where is the source of minerals for this deposit? What color is sub gingival calculus? What contributes to its color? Where do it minerals comes from? Sub gingival calculus encourages what to happen? Where does calculus form more readily? Calculus may absorb pigments from what? How can you inhibit calculus formation, give 4 examples? The quantity of calculus is less important than where and extent of gingival bleeding that results. True or False Can food debris aid in the formation of plaque? Is it necessary for plaque to form? Does food debris have bacteria? How do you remove food debris? What is materia Alba? Where would you find it? Where does it come from? What may it contribute to? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 11 What does it smell like? Who would have materia Alba? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 12 DENTAL CALCULUS Amorphous Matrix supra-gingival Ectopic Pyrophosphate octocalcium phosphate apatite mineralization maturation germ-free saturated calculus nidus hydroxyapatite brushite whitlockite Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 13 Characteristic Appearance Composition Source Formation Attachment Classification Significance Methods of removal Pellicle Soft deposit Materia Alba Food debris Plaque © College STAIN What must be present in order for stain to occur? Give examples of factors that may assist in the formation of stain? Can a smooth surface of enamel hold stain? What part of the tooth may stain more permanently? Will stain affect the health of an individual? What does stain indicate? Does it help in evaluating the OHI of an individual? Which stain looks like calculus? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments, Projects and Questions Page 17 © College WHITENING AGENTS Describe the two type of bleaching? What is the most common substance in bleaching kits? What does the oxygenating reaction of the compound do to the enamel? Where should you store the bleach kits? When should tissues be checked? What will need to de done to composite after bleaching? What is the difference between commercial bleaching kits? Are bleach kits safe? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments, Projects and Questions Page 18 © College EXTRINSIC STAINS 1. Does extrinsic stain on teeth cause any health problems? Explain. 2. When should stain be removed? 3. Why should each client be evaluated before stain removal? 4. List and discuss the harmful affects of polishing 5. List the different heart conditions which may warrant a prophylactic antibiotic? 6. What constituents are in some prophylactic pastes that may cause eye and gingival irritation? 7. What type of extrinsic stain is considered similar to calculus? How is it removed and why? 8. How can a client help prevent extrinsic stain? 9. What type of mouth rinse causes brown stain? 10. Does the pellicle on the tooth prevent fluoride application? 11. Does a client require polishing prior to fluoride treatment, if all calculus has been removed? 12. Should stain be removed prior to fluoride treatment? If yes, why? If no, why? 13. When does bacterial plaque start to build up on the pellicle? 14. Does stain removal prevent caries? If yes, why? If no, why? 15. How can you help a patient be motivated when teaching a home care routine? 16. Why should polishing be postponed? When is it contraindicated? 17. Can you remove stain by scaling? 18. Does an abrasive agent scratch a smooth root surface? 19. What type of paste can be used if a client requests a polishing and yet it is not required? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments, Projects and Questions Page 19 © College 20. What determines the rate of abrasion on a tooth surface being polished? Explain each. 21. List characteristics of abrasive agent? Explain each? 22. Discuss the different dentifrice and mouth rinses on the market 23. Discuss the different abrasive agents according to grit. 24. What can be added to the paste to aid in spreading and prevent splattering? 25. What is the difference between a cleaning abrasive and a polishing agent? 26. List the ingredients in a commercial dentifrice. 27. Discuss the packaging and fluoride in prophylactic pastes? - are they a substitute for topical fluoride - list some of the problems with a fluoride dentifrice 28. When should a coronal polish be done to remove stain? 29. What precaution should the operator do to prevent disease transmission? 30. List the purpose of a polishing cup, bristle brush, rheostat, finger rest, fulcrum and speed of hand piece? 31. What damage can be done to tissues by the prophylaxis angle and cup? 32. What type of stroke should be used? 33. What is the purpose of the edge and centre of the polishing cup? 34. Should interproximal areas be irrigated and why? 35. How do you polish interproximal areas? 36. What are the advantages and disadvantages of air abrasives? 37. Is there a risk to client when using air abrasives? 38. Discuss how to clean a partial and complete denture? 39. How do you remove a denture? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments, Projects and Questions Page 20 © College 40. What factors should be taught to the patient with regards to the care of a prosthetic device? 41. Describe a Coronal polish procedure? (Step-by-Step) Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments, Projects and Questions Page 21 Extrinsic stain Green Stain Yellow stain Black line stain Tobacco stain Food stains Orange and Red satin Metallic stain Clinical Distribution Appearance on tooth Occurrence Etiology Composition Clinical approach Endogenous Intrinsic Clinical Distribution Clinical Occurrence Etiology Composition approach stain Appearance on tooth Pulpless teeth Tetracyline Stain Hereditary genetic Enamel Hypoplasia Dental Fluorosis Other Systemic Causes Exogenous Stain Silver Amalgam Copper Amalgam Endotherapy stain Silver Nitrate Stains Clinical Distribution Clinical Appearance on tooth Occurrence Etiology Composition approach © College FLUORIDE QUESTIONS (From Hygiene Text Book) 1. What is the primary use of fluoride? 2. What other action does fluoride have on bacterial plaque? 3. Give two method of administering fluoride? 4. What is plasma? 5. Where is fluoride absorbed and how rapidly? 6. Where is the fluoride stored in the body and teeth? 7. What determines the amount of fluoride stored? 8. Describe the difference in the intake of fluoride by a young child vs. adult? 9. How is fluoride excreted? 10. What 3 stages do teeth acquire fluoride? 11. Mineralization stage: where and when is fluoride deposited in the pre-eruptive stage? 12. When does the first permanent molar begin to mineralize? 13. How do the developing teeth receive fluoride? 14. What happens if there is an excess of fluoride? 15. Maturation stage: how is fluoride obtained at this stage? 16. Post-eruptive stage: how is fluoride obtained during this stage? 17. Where is the highest and lowest concentration of fluoride in the tooth structure? (Compare the enamel, to the dentin, where is the greatest amount) 18. What determines the amount of fluoride uptake? 19. What is the concentration of fluoride in dentin? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments, Projects and Questions Page 25 © College 20. Does primary dentin and secondary dentin absorb fluoride? 21. What is the concentration of fluoride in cementum? 22. What determines the chemical change? 23. How does the action of different fluoride preparations aid tooth strength (5) 24. Discuss the process of demineralization? 25. Give two methods that fluoride can be applied and give an example of each? 26. When are the fluoride ions released? 27. What is necessary in maintaining the balance of mineralization of the teeth? 28. Is there fluoride in bacterial plaque? Where does bacterial plaque receive fluoride? 29. Where is fluoride located in bacterial plaque? 30. What is the optimum level of fluoride in the water to prevent dental caries? 31. What level of fluoride causes dental fluorosis? 32. What year was fluoride implemented into community drinking water? 33. Is the fluoride concentration in water the same in colder and warmer climates? 34. What are the minerals that the fluoride ions are derived from? 35. Discuss fluoride in regards to the following: o Dental caries - primary teeth and permanent teeth o prenatal fluoride o root caries o tooth loss o malocclusion o bone o periodontal disease 36. Discuss the appearance of tooth enamel at optimal and slightly higher than optimal levels of fluoride. 37. Can communities with high concentrations of fluoride in water be reduced? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments, Projects and Questions Page 26 © College 38. Discuss school fluoridation and how effective is it? 39. Is fluoride expensive? 40. Discuss foods containing fluoride. 41. When should fluoride supplements be used (5)? 42. How is a fluoride supplement administered and prescribed? 43. What is the dual action of chewing or rinsing supplements? 44. How can you determine the need for fluoride supplements? 45. Where is the list of approved fluoride preparation published? 46. Discuss and list available forms of fluoride supplements? 47. Is it necessary to adjust fluoride amounts on a prescription? Why? 48. Why do breasts fed babies require fluoride? 49. What is the toxic dose of fluoride? 50. Why does the ADA not accept vitamin fluoride combinations (4)? 51. Why is group fluoride administration beneficial? 52. List three most common fluoride preparations? 53. Discuss each fluoride under the following solution (preparation), frequency, and clinical features. 54. Why is appointment planning important? What explanation should the client receive prior to fluoride appointment? 55. How are the teeth prepared before a fluoride application? 56. What two methods are used for fluoride application in a dental office? 57. What is the objective of a fluoride treatment? 58. How much fluoride is dispensed in tray? 59. What are the three method of self-application of fluoride? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments, Projects and Questions Page 27 © College 60. Is it best to use weak preparation of fluoride compounds or infrequent high concentration of fluoride? 61. List indications for tray, rinsing and tooth brushing home applications of fluoride? 62. What group of people should not use mouth rinse? 63. Which mouth rinse can be purchased over the counter? 64. What fluoride dentifrice is approved currently? 65. Are amine fluorides approved by the U.S.? 66. What is the instruction to the patient using an approved dentifrice? 67. What type of dental restorations should not use brush or gels? 68. Does the brush or gels take the place of a dentifrice? 69. Discuss fluoride safety and emergency treatment under the following: fluoride management: a. b. c. d. define acute and chronic toxicity lethal dose child/adult signs and symptoms of acute toxic dose chronic toxicity 70. Why should fluoride be applied after the polishing of a restoration? 71. Where can you get an updated list of communities with fluoridation? 72. Discuss factors to teach the client? 73. When should you receive optimum level of systemic fluoride? 74. When applying fluoride preparation to tooth surface after teeth erupt is known as what kind of fluoride? 75. What happen when too much fluoride is ingested? 76. Is fluoride as an ion a reactive chemical? 77. The effectiveness of fluorides ability to reduce caries is related to what? 78. Do vitamins have fluoride? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments, Projects and Questions Page 28 © College Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments, Projects and Questions Page 29 Fluoride Abbreviation Sodium Fl. Stannous Fl. Acidulated Fl. Effectiveness pH Concentration Advantages Disadvantages Application technique Action Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments, Projects and Questions Page 30 CARIES Is caries a transmissible disease? Where are the three most common areas of tooth decay found? What is the only mineralized area of the body that is exposed to the elements? How long can caries be incipient? Demineralization by microorganisms, which destroys the tooth structure? What are the two stage of demineralization? What must happen between demineralization and mineralization? What is remineralization? What helps in remineralization? Give the analogy for dental decay. Give seven factors that influence caries equation. What are the characteristics of a good remineralization solution? Caries that are 1/2 way through the enamel but not to the dentoenamel junction is referred to as what? Caries that are through the DEJ but less that 1/2 way to the pulp is referred to as what? Caries 1/2 way to pulp or in contact with pulp is referred to as what? Lesions located within the oral cavity where remineralization and demineralization occur at the same rate are referred to as what? Decay around a restoration is referred to as what? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 31 Caries Complete the chart below as it relates to various types of carious lesions. Type of lesion Incipient Types of Carious Lesions Characteristics Contributing Factors Moderate Advanced Arrested Root Rampant Recurrent Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 32 PERIODONTAL DISEASE What are the signs of healthy tissue? Give 5 examples Normal gingival sulci contain what kind of bacteria? Is the sulcus sterile at birth? Does very much saliva enter the sulcus? When can fluids in the sulcus be increased? Can the fluid be increased during disease? What is the first sign of disease to gingiva? What are the five cardinal sign to inflammation? What 3 symptoms are present with gingivitis? What are the 5 symptoms present in periodontitis? Gingivitis is the tissues response to what? What kind of bacteria is present with gingivitis? What are the clinical signs of gingivitis? How fast does acute gingivitis appear? How long does it take to heal? Chronic gingivitis will have hyperplasia; what will the treatment be? What is the treatment for HIV gingivitis? An infectious and transmissible disease involving the surrounding and supporting structures of the teeth is known as what? What part seals off the oral environment? What is important for patients to understand to prevent periodontal disease, give three examples? Is periodontal disease reversible? What is the first fibre to be lost during periodontal disease? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 33 What must first be present before periodontal disease can happen? What kind of bacteria will produce endotoxin? What are the clinical signs of periodontal disease? Can ANUG be acute or chronic? When does juvenile periodontitis happen? What are the clinical signs of juvenile periodontitis? List the systemic factors of periodontium break down. What are the local factors of periodontium breakdown? What type of bacteria is present in advanced lesions of periodontitis? Initial lesions of periodontal disease would show up in how many days? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 34 TOPICAL Where is the topical anaesthetic applied? Does topical work through the system to effect the nerve endings? Reaction to pain will depend on what three things? Give six examples when you would use topical: Why do you dry the area prior to applying topical? What is the best type of topical to use? List three types of topical. Why do you rinse after applying topical? When should you rinse the topical off the tissue? An allergic response is more common with what kind of topical? Should topical be used in a sepsis area? How is an overdose created? What are three symptoms of overdose to topical? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 35 LINERS AND VARNISHES What is the principal use of a liner? List some examples of liners. What is a liner composed of? What does a liner also help to stimulate? Where do we place a liner? Can a liner be used as a base? List three problems to avoid when placing a liner? What does varnish consist of? Why is it not used under a composite resin? Where is the varnish placed in a preparation? How many coats of varnish are recommended? Do you place a liner on the walls of a cavity preparation? Does a varnish provide adequate insulation against thermal conduction of metal restorations? Can it be used alone? What is used to promote secondary dentin? How many applications of varnish are applied? Will liners cure in a wet environment? Should liners be placed on the cavosurface margin? When should you place varnish under a composite resin? What happens to thick applications of liners? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 36 TEMPORARY RESTORATIONS List two reasons why you would place a temporary restoration. What can be used as a temporary restoration? What is the most common product used for temporary restorations? What consistency should your material be and why? Why must you dry the area receiving the temp? How can you dry the area if it is sensitive to air? What do you use to place a temporary restoration? How do you place a temporary? How high do you fill the tooth? When should you remove the high spots? What is the next step for your patient? What must the patient clearly understand with regards to the temporary restoration? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 37 AMALGAM FINISHING AND POLISHING What is the purpose of amalgam finishing? Why are abrasive agents used during polishing? Why is a smooth finish more important than the glossiness? What are the contraindications for polishing? When is the ideal time to polish amalgams? What do you do to reduce the heat generation? What is the purpose of the brownie shofu? What is the purpose of the greenie shofu? In what order are the greenie and brownie used? In what direction do you use the stone for polishing? What causes an amalgam to tarnish? Explain how to polish an amalgam if there is minimal roughness or corrosion present. DESENSITIZING AGENTS When applying a desensitizing agent what are eight things you would look for? What would the goal be when applying a desensitizing agent? When applying a desensitizing agent it should be applied in what kind of motion? When oral irrigating the tip should be placed a maximum depth of how many mm? What is used to oral irrigate the sulcus? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 38 SEALANTS Sealants can be defined as? How would you reduce a sealant? What is the life span of a sealant? How are sealants held in place? What is the one of the most important things to do prior to placing sealants? When are sealants placed? What causes failure of sealants? What abrasive agent is used? How far should the material extend? How far beyond the grooves should it be polished? If a patient requires a sealant and a restoration, which one is placed first? When sealants are required in more then one quadrant, how is this accomplished? If sealants become contaminated during placement what should the operator do? How long do you cure a sealant for? Give 4 examples of when sealants should be placed. Does a patient require proper brushing and flossing after sealant placement? Does a tooth require freezing when sealants are placed? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 39 ASSESSING CLIENT NEEDS A goal can be described as: An objective can be described as: When should client instruction be done? The learning ladder A patient that doesn't see the coalition between plaque and caries would be known as what in the learning ladder? When a patient has a mild inclination to act? When a patient has information but it doesn't have any personal meaning? When is personal attitude affected? When true learning is manifested by changes in behaviour and results? Self-control will depend on what two factors? What should you do to make client assessment easier? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 40 POWER-ASSISTED TOOTHBRUSHES Have power assisted toothbrushes been proven to be as effective as manual? What type of action do the different power assisted toothbrushes have? Are all the speeds the same on all powered toothbrushes? What type of material does a power toothbrush remove? What type of dental treatment would benefit from a powered toothbrush? What other situations could benefit from a powered toothbrush What are the two basic instructions necessary? What motion/action is built into the powered toothbrush? List some basic suggestions to be used with all brushing techniques, keeping in mind to adapt to the need of the patient. List problem areas when brushing with a manual or powered toothbrush. Explain the procedure for occlusal brushing. What precaution should be taken when brushing occlusal surfaces? Where do microorganisms form on the tongue? Does the flora of the tongue stay constant? Why is it beneficial to cleanse the tongue? Explain the brushing technique for the tongue. What are tongue scrapers made from? Who would benefit from using a tongue scraper? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 41 TOOTH ISOLATION How does the dam assist the dentist? When would you not use a dam? How would you select your dam clamp? What is inversion? How do you invert the dam? How is the clamp placed? What will happen if the dam bunches? What causes the dam to bunch? What do you use to lubricate the dam? What part of the dam is inverted first? What do you use to anchor a tooth if a clamp cannot be used? Prior to inversion what should the dental assistant do? What is the septum? What is festooning? How do you disinfect a dam? Describe the different uses of the dam? List the different types of dam? How should you properly store and care for rubber dams. Describe the proper armamentarium for the dam? Describe the proper punching procedure for dam? How should you prepare the dam? What should you assemble prior to the application of the dam? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 42 Describe the proper techniques for placement of rubber dam? What is a ligature? Describe the proper method of securing the rubber dam clamp on the teeth? Describe the different problems and solutions that may occur when placing a dam? How do you stabilize the clamp? What modifications might me necessary? Describe the four handed procedure for application and removal of the rubber dam? Describe the application of rubber dam for the pedodontic patient? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 43 MATRICES AND WEDGES Define the following: Cavity wall: Internal wall: Axial wall: Pulpal wall (pulpal floor): Proximal wall: Lingual wall: Buccal/facial wall: Labial / facial wall: Gingival wall: Line angle: Point angle: Cavosurface margin / cavosurface angle: Matrix: Wedge & band: Retainer: Cupping: Overhang: -. Describe the two stages of a cavity preparation: 1. Initial Preparation: 2. Final Preparation: Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 44 List the types of Matrices that are used for anterior composite restorations. List the parts of the Tofflemire Retainer. List the different types of matrix bands. Why is the band contoured? How is the band contoured? When are wedges used? How are the wedges placed? What instruments are used to place the wedge? How can the operator prevent cupping and overhangs? When is the wedge removed? AUTOMATRIX: What is the difference between the tofflemire retainer & band and the automatrix? Describe the automatrix? What is used to tighten the automatrix? How do you remove the automatrix? How is the automatrix discarded? T-B ANDS, SPOT WELDED and CELLULOID STRIP When are they used? Why can you not use a metal matrix on tooth colored restorations? How do you contour the strip? How is the matrix placed? How is the restorative material adapted to the tooth using the matrix? What type of matrix can be used for a class IV restoration? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 45 SUTURES Explain the six types of sutures. Before removing sutures what would you do first? Before cutting the sutures what would you do? Explain the procedure for removal of sutures. What should be swabbed over the tissues? What should not be done with the knotted end? What should be done to the suture if it is covered with a scab? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 46 ORAL SELF CARE List and describe the ingredients in dentrifrice. List and describe the ingredients in mouth rinses. Define therapeutic and cosmetic oral products. Describe the Bass brushing technique. When would it be used? Describe the modified stillman brushing technique. When would it be used? Describe Charters brushing technique. When would it be used? Describe the Fones, Leonard, Scrub brushing technique, when would they be used? Describe the two methods of flossing. Describe the various interdental products and when they would be used? List the tips used when using an oral irrigator. What is a chemotherapeutic agent? How do bleaching products work? Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 47 DIET AND DIETARY ANALYSIS Define the following; cariogenic, cariogenic exposure, clearance time, diet, dietary analysis, malnutrition, metabolism, nutrient, nutrition, nutritional deficiency, R.D.A., xerosis, coenzymes Can a nutritional deficiency cause pocket formation? Explain. How does the consistency of food affect the oral environment? Who should complete a dietary analysis? Why? The effects of nutritional deficiency are chronic and run a slow gradual course. What are the clinical manifestations? Describe the oral lesions and extraoral lesions that are the result of nutritional deficiencies. How can dental caries be prevented through diet? What is the role of cariogenic foods on the oral cavity proper? How can a dietary analysis help clients with a high caries rate? Describe the daily food requirements according to Canada’s Food Guide. Describe a diet analysis. What is the objective of a dietary analysis? Describe the two types of food diaries. How would you present a diet diary to clients? How would you suggest changes to a clients’ diet? When receiving a diet diary what would you as a level II Dental assistant look for? Describe the function of Vitamins. List the fat-soluble vitamins, list the water-soluble vitamins. What is the difference between the two types of vitamins? What are the functions of minerals? List the important functions, the best sources and deficiency for the following vitamins; Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin K, Intra-Oral Dental Assisting Assignments Page 48 Thiamin (B1), Riboflavin (B2), Niacin. Folic Acid, Pantothenic acid, Cobalamin (B12), Biotin, B6, Ascorbic acid, List the important functions, the best sources and deficiency for the following minerals; Calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, potassium, sulfur, chloride, sodium, List the important functions, the best sources and deficiency for the following trace minerals; Iron, copper, zinc, iodine, flourine, chromium, selenium, manganese, molybdenum Design a diet diary that may be used with your clients. Describe the oral symptoms of B-complex deficiency. What vitamin would be found in Milk? Pellagra is a disease caused by what deficiency? Scurvy is the result of what deficiency? Rickets is a disease cause by what deficiency?