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Homework answers / question archive / Why were European leaders such as Metternich concerned about political activities among university students and professors? Please use Heinrich von Gagern's letter to support your statements
Why were European leaders such as Metternich concerned about political activities among university students and professors? Please use Heinrich von Gagern's letter to support your statements. What are other, more recent examples of students and professors around the world engaging in movements to promote political change?
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Step-by-step explanation
Conservatives such as Metternich attempted to maintain the European status quo by supporting traditional religious and political authority. Liberals promoted popular sovereignty and individual rights, even if only for the wealthy middle class, while radicals demanded universal male suffrage through the Concert of Europe. Workers organized into labor unions, and feminists advocated that rights should be extended to women as well, while others pushed for the abolition of slavery in the United States and elsewhere.
Metternich said that he was governed by the notion of legitimacy throughout his time in Vienna. In order to reestablish peace and security in Europe, he believed that it was necessary to reinstall legitimate kings who would uphold established institutions and institutions. This had already been accomplished in France and Spain with the restoration of the Bourbons, as well as in a number of Italian states whose kings had been restored to their thrones in previous centuries. However, in other parts of the world, the notion of legitimacy was largely neglected and utterly overwhelmed by more practical concerns of power and authority.
Leaders in Europe, such as Metternich, were worried about political activity among university students and professors, who were among the most fervent advocates of German nationalism in the country. Metternich was worried because he believed both nationalism and liberalism to be severe dangers to the future of his empire, and he tried to repress both movements simultaneously. In order to assuage his anti-liberal feelings, he claimed that liberals were mistaken in believing that society could be rebuilt around the ideas of liberty and equal opportunity. He claimed that this belief had been the indirect cause of 25 years of upheaval, horror, and bloodshed. To restore peace and security, the old Europe must restrict liberal ideals and suppress any signs of instability that could threaten its existence. In addition, since Austria was prone to national instability, he dreaded the rise of nationalist sentiment. If the ethnic groups of Austria (Poles, Czechs, Magyars, Italians, South Slavs, and Romanians) become "infected with the nationalist virus," Metternich worried that the Hapsburg Empire would be dissolved and the roots of European culture, which he prized, would be broken, as he put it. The Burschenshaften, for example, were proponents of Germany's unity during their time. Students and professors at the institution worked hard to promote nationalism, which European elites like as Metternich despised because it challenged their own goals to form a confederation of nations.
To go into further detail, Metternich was a staunch supporter of conservatism, which he believed contributed to the general stability of the nation. Originally, German nationalism was founded on the notion of giving stability to just the German people. Heinrich von Gagern, a liberal politician, was a supporter of the Burschenschaften and its purpose. He sent a letter to his father in which he sought, to the best of his abilities, to explain the movement's aim. As Heinrich Von Gagern declared in a letter to his father, the group's "aim is to build a brighter future for the Fatherland... to promote national awareness, or to use the frequently criticized and detested Germanic expression "more folksiness," and to fight for better constitutions.
The German constitution, Heinrich believed, should defend all of Germany's states, rather than simply a few specific ones. Even today, there are initiatives in schools all around the globe that urge students to get involved in politics. Within this context, some other examples of students and teachers from around the world participating in political reform movements include young people on the front lines of the Black Lives Matter movement, Dreamers activists working for immigration reform, and an American Indian youth group that was instrumental in the launch of the Standing Rock struggle in South Dakota, among many others.