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Homework answers / question archive / Required Resources Read/review the following resources for this activity: • • • Textbook: Chapter 8, 9, 17 (Introduction) Lesson Minimum of 1 scholarly source (in addition to the textbook) Click on the following tabs to review the concepts that will be addressed in this activity: • • • Valid Argument Structures Deductive Inductive A valid structure is the way in which an argument is put together that assures it will pass the test of logical strength

Required Resources Read/review the following resources for this activity: • • • Textbook: Chapter 8, 9, 17 (Introduction) Lesson Minimum of 1 scholarly source (in addition to the textbook) Click on the following tabs to review the concepts that will be addressed in this activity: • • • Valid Argument Structures Deductive Inductive A valid structure is the way in which an argument is put together that assures it will pass the test of logical strength

Philosophy

Required Resources Read/review the following resources for this activity: • • • Textbook: Chapter 8, 9, 17 (Introduction) Lesson Minimum of 1 scholarly source (in addition to the textbook) Click on the following tabs to review the concepts that will be addressed in this activity: • • • Valid Argument Structures Deductive Inductive A valid structure is the way in which an argument is put together that assures it will pass the test of logical strength. The Basic Structure of Deductive and Inductive Arguments Click on the following links to view argument examples: Link: Deductive Argument Example Link: Inductive Argument Initial Post Instructions For the initial post, address the following: • Find and post examples of deductive and inductive arguments. Do NOT use an argument example which clearly indicates it is an example of an inductive/deductive argument. • For each example, evaluate its logical strength, using the concepts and ideas presented in the textbook readings, the lesson, and any other source you find that helps you to evaluate the validity (deductive) or strength (inductive) of the argument. You can use examples from the text, or you can find examples elsewhere. o Editorials and opinion columns are a good source, as are letters to the editor. Blogs will also often be based on arguments. o Use mapping and evaluative techniques to make sure it is an argument. • Is it inductive or deductive? Explain why. • Does it pass the tests of validity and strength? Explain. Follow-Up Post Instructions Respond to at least one peer. Further the dialogue by providing more information and clarification. Do you agree with their analysis – be very specific about why you agree or disagree. Writing Requirements • Minimum of 2 posts (1 initial & 1 follow-up) • • Minimum of 2 sources cited (assigned readings/online lessons and an outside source) APA format for in-text citations and list of references
 

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The Basic Structure of Deductive and Inductive Arguments

Math and Other Worlds

            Roger Penrose, a British physicist, presented an inductive reason claiming his theory of vision of a universe. He considered three main factors to make his argument, human consciousness, the material world, and mathematics. Considering the three determinants, it was puzzling for the physicist how interaction among the three took place independent of any conventionally rational or scientific model. How can physical atoms and molecules, for example, create something that exists in a separate domain that is devoid of physical existence: human consciousness? Moving from such specificities led him to a general conclusion of a supreme being, God. The mystery that science cannot explain the existences of the three entities serves as the premise that validates God’s existence hence passing the test of strength (Goswami, 2011). The argument embraces inductive reasoning that considers specific things such as atoms and molecules before concluding that science cannot explain such a mystery.

Round Earth Argument

            For a long time, the idea of round earth has been popular until the emergence of the notion of a flat earth. Therefore, using deductive reasoning, scientists used illustrations to strengthen the idea of a round earth. Ships and horizon, considering other planets, the lunar eclipse, are the detailed pieces of evidence confirming the belief of a round earth. The argument starts with a confirmation before highlighting the undeniable facts that foster the general idea. The nature of the lunar eclipse and horizon fortify the claim of a round earth, thus passing the test of strength. The two posts present a systematic approach for assessing the inductive and reasoning of arguments (Facione & Gittens, 2016).

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