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Domestic Mobilization of the National Guard to Restore Civil Order Many historical examples exist of domestic deployments of the National Guard to maintain order during civil discord or threat of discord

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Domestic Mobilization of the National Guard to Restore Civil Order

Many historical examples exist of domestic deployments of the National Guard to maintain order during civil discord or threat of discord. At the time, such deployments were deemed to be critical of necessity due to the extent of unrest or the threat of further unrest. Examples in the modern era include the following incidents:

• In 1963, President John F. Kennedy federalized the Alabama National Guard to secure the racial integration of the University of Alabama after Governor George Wallace personally blocked racial integration.
• In 1965,  federalized Alabama National Guard troops protected more than 3,000 civil rights marchers walking from Selma to Montgomery, the state capital.
• In 1967, thousands of National Guard and U.S. Army troops were deployed to Detroit, Michigan, during deadly rioting that left 43 people dead and damaged millions of dollars in property.
• In 1968, approximately 68,000 troops were deployed nationwide when rioting erupted in 125 cities after the assassination of the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. by a sniper in Memphis, Tennessee.
• In 1970, President Richard Nixon ordered the National Guard to New York City to restart the delivery of the mail during a nationwide strike by approximately 150,000 U.S. postal workers in more than 600 locations.
• In 1989, President George H.W. Bush deployed Army and National Guard troops to the island of St. Croix in the U.S. Virgin Islands during looting and other violence in the aftermath of Hurricane Hugo.
• In 1992, National Guard troops were deployed to Los Angeles during widespread rioting and arson after the not-guilty verdict in the trial of officers who were videotaped beating motorist Rodney King.

Write a 2-3 page paper that addresses the following elements:

• Explain the Insurrection Act of 1807.
• When should the National Guard be deployed during unexpected civil discord? Why?
• Is there a possibility of increased discord when the National Guard is deployed to domestic emergencies? Why or why not? Use examples to strengthen your position.
• Who should ultimately be responsible for militarized emergency response efforts? Why?
• Compare the difference in the historical deployment of the National Guard and the recent deployment of federal officers/agents to deal with civil discord. Be specific.