all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
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all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people
a standard or typical example
a precise rule (or set of rules) specifying how to solve some problem
a commonsense rule (or set of rules) intended to increase the probability of solving some problem
A cognitive form of learning involving the mental rearragnment or restructuring of the elements in a problem to achieve an understanding or the problem and arrive at a solution
a tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions
the inability to see a problem from a new perspective, by employing a different mental set
a tendency to approach a problem in a particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past
the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving
judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead one to ignore other relevent information
estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind, we presume such events are common
total certainty or greater certainty than circumstances warrant
clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited
instinctive knowing (without the use of rational processes)
formulation of the plans and important details
the mental faculty or power of vocal communication
(linguistics) one of a small set of speech sounds that are distinguished by the speakers of a particular language
minimal meaningful language unit
studies of the formation of basic linguistic units
the study of language meaning
the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences
the stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words
beginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements
early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram--'go car'--using mostly nouns and verbs and omitting 'auxiliary' words
Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think
United States linguist whose theory of generative grammar redefined the field of linguistics (born 1928)
pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that language development is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments
Concept of "liguistic determinism" or how language impacts thought