Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Annotated Bibliography

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder experienced by people who witnessed a traumatic event, a natural disaster, terrorists attack, rape, or sexual violence. It can be experienced by all people irrespective of ethnicity, nationality, or culture at different ages. People with PTSD have extreme distressing thoughts and feelings attached to their traumatic experience; its symptoms include intrusion, avoidance, cognition and mood alterations, and arousal and reactivity. Therefore, this annotated bibliography focuses on post-traumatic stress disorder.

Bisson, J., Cosgrove, S., Lewis, C. & Roberts, N. (2015). Post-traumatic stress disorder. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4663500/

            The article shows that Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder resulting from exposure to adverse and horrific events. Most people who have PTSD show the potential and resilience to recover following exposure to traumatic events (Bisson et al., 2015). The article shows that PTSD can occur after a single traumatic event or long exposure to terrifying events. Most PTSD patients are at risk of having poor health since this disability is linked to psychiatric comorbidity, suicide risks, and economic difficulties on individuals and their families.

            It also shows that approximately 3 percent of the adult population suffers from this disorder at any given time. The article also shows that the prevalence of PTSD disorder ranges between 2 to 8.7 percent; however, the prevalence usually rises during conflict and violent confrontations (Bisson et al., 2015). Some of its symptoms are consistent intrusive recollections, avoidance of trauma-related stimuli, and adverse alterations in cognitions and moods. DMS-5 criteria show that diagnosis can be ascertained in a person whose functioning ability has been impaired for four weeks. It can be prevented through psychological interventions, drug treatment, and self-help programs. In my view, the article is useful because it gives a comprehensive understanding of PTSD, its prevalence, and interventions; thus, its content can be vital when dealing with PTSD clients and trauma victims.

Miao, X., Chen, Q., Wei, K., Tao, K. & Lu, Z. (2018). Post-traumatic stress disorder: from diagnosis to prevention. https://mmrjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40779-018-0179-0

            The article shows that post-traumatic stress disorder refers to a chronic impairment disorder that arises from exposure to traumatic events. It has various adverse effects on individuals and their families; thus, it is associated with financial and social problems to individuals and their families (Chen et al., 2018). It is acknowledged as a clinical phenomenon that occurs due to exposure to extreme stressors. PTSD is characterized by recurrence and avoidance symptoms as well as adverse alternations in cognition and arousal. It first raised concerns during the military confrontations in the United States and Afghanistan.

            Post-traumatic stress disorder is a psychiatric disorder with negative consequences and syndrome. The diagnosis requirement is based on exposure to a stressor coupled with an intrusion symptom, avoidance symptom, and at least two adverse cognition and mood symptoms (Chen et al., 2018). This disorder is also linked to low-income levels, substance abuse, and mental health complications. The article is useful because it emphasizes PTSD diagnosis and the symptoms that medical practitioners need to consider when diagnosing an individual with the disorder. This information can support the arguments of my own when dealing with patients who have experienced traumatic events.