Dust is a thin, dry powder-like compound consisting of microscopic particles of dirt or waste debris either on the surfaces or dispersed in the atmosphere. It is produced in a variety of ways, including volcanic eruptions and industrial pollution. They are microscopic solid particles. These are found in the atmosphere and originate from various sources, including dirt, pollutants, textiles, paper, and human hair (Kim et al., 2019).

Fume is a term that refers to a vapor that has a pungent odor and is often hazardous when breathed. It is produced, for instance, by melting metals above their boiling temperature and by the effect of heat on chemicals in the fluxes during MMA and FCAW. They are made up of gas, mist, or steam with a pungent odor or hazardous to breathe. Gasoline, detergent, and ammonium are all examples (Kim et al., 2019).

Smoke is a noticeable concentration of carbon dioxide that is produced when a substance burns. It is a mixture of air pollutants and the amount of air. It is made in various ways, including incomplete combustion, gasses, and carbon dioxide (Kang et al., 2021). Observable precipitation of carbon or other nanoparticles in air, most frequently produced by a burned object. Examples include wood-burning or an oil-fueled automobile fire.

Aerosols are characterized as liquid droplets or small solid particles suspended in air or other gases. It is produced by various sources, including salt from wave action (naturally) and biologically active pollutants (organic). In other words, it is a chemical that has been compressed and can be discharged as a fine mist, often via a propulsion gas. The can of Lysol cleaner, hair gel, or white paint is all examples (Kang et al., 2021).

Mist is dense and viscous evaporation that is similar to fog but much less dense. It can occur on any surface because of the presence of dampness. It is produced in various ways, including combustion and atomization (Kang et al., 2021). It is a cloud of microscopic droplets of water floating in the sky around or at the earth's surface that reduces visibility, but to a smaller amount than fog, with visibility strictly maintaining above 1.5 meters. Examples are fog rising over a waterbody in the morning or steam rising from a home fire extinguisher.

Gas: The state of matter known as gas is among the four primary forms of matter. It lacks both shape and volume in the air (Kim et al., 2019). It can spread indefinitely to occupy any available space in the vessel. It is formed, for instance, by shale and a variety of other geological volcanic rocks.

Vapors are described as substances that are either soluble or insoluble and are dispersed in the surrounding atmosphere. It is produced in various ways, including the heating or evaporating of boiling water and the warming of the atmosphere caused by human activity, such as releasing gases into the air (Kim et al., 2019).