Ryerson University

PSY 105

Chapter 2

1)A hypothesis in psychological research is:

1. 1. An idea about laws that govern mental processes and behaviours
   2. An observation of human behaviours
   3. A statement about the way variables relate
   4. Falsifiable through experiments
   5. Both c and d

2. A condition, event, or situation that is studied in an experiment is a:
   1. Subject

1. 2. Variable
   3. Hypothesis
   4. Questionnaire
   5. None of the above

3. A psychologist wants to study whether caffeine intake will affect the number of words they can remember. Some participants were given caffeine prior to testing, while the rest of the participants were not. All participants were then asked to remember a list of words. What is the independent variable of this study?
   1. The psychologist
   2. Whether or not the participant received caffeine
   3. The number of words recalled
   4. Participants
   5. There is not enough information to answer this question

4. The meaning of the term operational definition is:
   1. A prediction of the results of an experiment
   2. A working definition of a variable that allows you to test it
   3. The number of variables in an experiment
   4. A description of the experiment procedure provided to participants prior to the experiment
   5. Both a and c

5. An advantage of experimental research is that it allows researchers
   1. To have control over variables
   2. To identify cause and effect
   3. To collect data more easily
   4. Both b and c
   5. Both a and b

6. Which of the following is a problem with naturalistic observation?
   1. The Hawthorne effect
   2. Demand characteristic
   3. The framing effect
   4. Lack of random sampling
   5. Both a and c

7. A researcher found a correlation of -0.90 between age and aggressive scores in children. How should this result be interpreted?
   1. There is a very strong relationship between age and aggressive scores in children. As they get older, their aggressive scores increase.
   2. There is a weak relationship between age and aggressive scores in children. As they get older, their aggressive scores increase.
   3. There is a very strong relationship between age and aggressive scores in children. As they get older, their aggressive scores decrease.
   4. There is a weak relationship between age and aggressive scores in children. As they get older, their aggressive scores decrease.