British Columbia Institute of Technology

BUSA 1305

Chapter 13 Workplace Health and Safety

1)Supervisors have a legal responsibility, if not a                                    , to ensure that the workplace is free from unnecessary hazards, and that conditions surrounding the work- place are not hazardous to their employees’ physical or mental health

1. 1. personal responsibility
   2. moral one
   3. legal responsibility
   4. commitment
   5. personal one

2. Which piece of legislation dramatically changed the role that supervisors must play in ensuring that physical working conditions meet adequate standards?
   1. Labor Management Relations Act of 1947
   2. Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1990
   3. The Affordable Care Act of 2010
   4. Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
   5. Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993

3. The act applies to almost every US business engaged in                                  commerce
   1. interstate
   2. domestic
   3. North American
   4. intrastate
   5. global

4. Organizations not meeting the interstate commerce criteria of the                                      are generally covered by state occupational safety and health laws.
   1. Affordable Care Act of 2010
   2. Labor Management Relations Act of 1947
   3. Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
   4. Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993
   5. Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1990

5. The safety and health standards the OSH Act established are quite complex. Briefly discuss some of the standards that exist as a result of OSH.

6. OSHA enforces standards based on a five-item priority listing. Which of the following is NOT one of those five items?
   1. Imminent danger
   2. Dissatisfied consumer complaints
   3. Random inspections
   4. Serious accidents within the past eight hours
   5. Current employee complaints

7.                                        is a condition in which an accident is about to occur.
   1. A building code violation
   2. An OSHA violation
   3. Imminent danger
   4. Possible danger
   5. Willful violation

8.                                       are those that have led to serious injuries and must be reported to the OSHA field office within eight hours.
   1. Priority-two accidents
   2. Employee complaints
   3. Imminent danger incidents
   4. Willful violations
   5. Code violations

9. A new rule established in 1990 also requires supervisors whose employees handle                                           to follow strict operating procedures.
   1. scrap metal
   2. bulk food
   3. oxygen tanks
   4. hazardous waste
   5. gasoline

10. In 1978, the Supreme Court ruled in Marshall v. Barlow’s Inc. that a supervisor and his or her organization are not required to let OSHA inspectors enter the premises unless                                                                                           .
    1. they have negotiated entry
    2. the inspectors have a search warrant
    3. there is probably cause
    4. there is imminent danger
    5. an employee has complained

11. List and briefly discuss the five OSHA enforcement priorities.

12. Supervisors in industries in which a high percentage of accidents and injuries occur must

                                                to fulfill part of the requirements established under the OSH Act.

1. 1. maintain safety and health records
   2. maintain casualty records
   3. meet compliance requirements
   4. devise compliance plans
   5. develop disaster plans

13. The basis of record keeping for the OSH Act is the completion of OSHA Form 300, which employers are required to keep for                                               years
    1. two
    2. three
    3. seven
    4. ten
    5. five

14. The                                                      rate is measure of the number of injuries, illnesses, or lost workdays as it

relates to a common base rate of 100 full-time employees.

1. 1. failure
   2. accident
   3. incidence
   4. lost workday
   5. casualty

15. In complying with OSHA record-keeping requirements, one issue arises—just what is a reportable accident or illness? How can a supervisor decide whether an event should be reported?

16. An OSHA inspector has the right to                                        against an organization for noncompliance.
    1. impose a shutdown
    2. levy a fine
    3. bring a court case
    4. enter a cease and desist order
    5. enact an injunction

17.. if supervisors and their organizations do not bring a “red-flagged” item into compliance, they can be

                                                                .

1. objects of a civil lawsuit.
2. immediately discharged
3. barred from their industry
4. assessed a severe penalty.
5. personally liable

18. Under certain circumstances, company executives can be                                                               if a company that fails to keep its OSH Act records properly.
    1. objects of a civil lawsuit.
    2. immediately discharged
    3. barred from their industry
    4. held civilly liable
    5. held criminally liable

19. OSHA will focus on problems associated with contemporary organizations, concentrating its efforts through the                                                    for research and setting standards in such areas as blood-borne pathogens and chemical process safety.
    1. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

1. 2. National Institutes for Health (NIH)
   3. National Science Foundation (NSF)
   4. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
   5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

20. Concerns over chemical hazards led to                                            , which help identify hazardous chemicals in the workplace and require supervisors to inform employees of the chemicals to which they might be exposed, the health risk associated with that exposure, and other policies guiding their use.
    1. special guidelines
    2. a number of states passing right-to-know laws
    3. Congressional mandates
    4. special educational programs
    5. medical risk management initiatives

21. OSHA’s training guidelines follow a model that consists of seven steps. Of the following, which is NOT one of the steps?

1. Assess and evaluate training program effectiveness.
2. Determine if training is needed.
3. Counsel employees who require remediation.
4. Conduct the training.
5. Identify goals and objectives.

22. For many organizations, the cost of accidents can be and is a substantial additional cost of doing business. Discuss motives why organizations spend money to keep their workplaces safe and why job safety programs make economic sense.

23.       
reasons are generally the cause of most work-related accidents

1. Human or environmental
2. Mental or emotional

3. Environmental or developmental
4. Physical or emotional
5. Industrial or human

24. There are several traditional measures supervisors look to for preventing accidents. Of the following, which is NOT one of those measures?
    1. Engineering
    2. Technology
    3. Skills training
    4. Protection
    5. Regulation enforcement

25. One way supervisors can be assured that rules and regulations are being enforced is to develop

                                           system.

1. 1. an observational
   2. a public awareness
   3. a disciplinary
   4. some type of feedback
   5. an electronic monitoring

26. Although safety is everyone’s responsibility, safety should also be part of the organization’s culture. Discuss some ways organizations and supervisors can make it part of the workplace culture.

27. Workplace violence is on the increase. The issue for supervisors, then, is how to prevent violence from occurring on the job and to                                                                should an unfortunate event occur.
    1. take precautions
    2. take action against potential offenders
    3. be proactive
    4. resist being reactive
    5. reduce their organization’s liability

28. Supervisors must also                                         to identify troubled employees before the problem results in violence.
    1. be aware
    2. be trained
    3. stay cautiously alert
    4. stay proactive
    5. be vigilant

29.                                                         can be designed specifically to help these individuals.
    1. Training programs
    2. Special work accommodations
    3. Employee assistance programs (EAPs)
    4. OSHA training programs
    5. Remedial programs

30. Organizations and their supervisors should also implement                                                        .
    1. stronger security mechanisms
    2. better training programs
    3. employee assistance programs
    4. stronger disciplinary actions
    5. better vigilance measures

31. Outline some general steps and suggestions that organizations and supervisors can take to reduce the potential of workplace violence.

32. Often referred to as                                  , office environments that contain harmful airborne chemicals, asbestos, or indoor pollution (possibly caused by smoking) have forced employers to take drastic steps.
    1. sick buildings
    2. environmentally comprised offices
    3. unhealthy complex
    4. sick organizations
    5. unhealthy organizations

33. Of the following, which is NOT a suggested way for a supervisor to keep a work place healthy?
    1. Make sure workers get enough fresh air
    2. Keep air ducts clean and dry

C, Test new buildings for toxins before occupancy

D. Make sure employees and managers have a say

E. Test new buildings for toxins before occupancy

34. Of the following, which is NOT an approach in implementing a total ban on smoking?
    1. Determine the organization's smoke-free goals
    2. Offer occasional smoke-in-office days
    3. Determine smoke-free timetables
    4. Designate special areas for smoking
    5. Incentivize employees not to smoke

35.                                        is known to affect your wrist because of repetitive stress injuries.
    1. Ergonomics
    2. Stress fracture
    3. Tendonitis
    4. Carpal tunnel syndrome
    5. Muscle disorder

36.                                               is the process of fitting the work environment to the individual worker
    1. Efficient design
    2. Ergonomics
    3. Environmental accommodation
    4. Reasonable accommodation
    5. Environmental design

37. Office                                      and office furniture are two of the areas ergonomics addresses.
    1. ambiance
    2. atmosphere
    3. environment
    4. behavior
    5. attitudes

38. Repetitive stress injuries and related musculoskeletal disorders caused by improper workstation design have been reduced by                                                                                          .
    1. general better working conditions
    2. improved office furniture design
    3. new workplace policies regarding repetitive stress
    4. healthier and more environmentally friendly buildings
    5. adherence to OSHA-issued ergonomic standards

39. Briefly describe ways organizations and supervisors can use ergonomics to reduce the potential effects of repetitive stress injuries.

40.                                      is a dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an opportunity, constraint, or demand related to what he or she desires, and for which the outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important.
    1. Distress
    2. Eustress
    3. Stress
    4. Flight-or-fight response
    5. Anxiety

41. When                                               have an effect on an important event and the outcome is unknown, pressure is added—resulting in stress.
    1. high-impact events
    2. financial pressures
    3. career demands
    4. constraints or demands
    5. workplace uncertainties

42. When constraints and demands are coupled with uncertainty about the outcome and importance of the outcome, potential stress becomes                                .
    1. life-threatening
    2. psychosomatic stress
    3. distress
    4. actual stress
    5. eustress

43.                                          are factors that can cause stress in an individual.
    1. External factors
    2. Environmental factors

E. Internal factors

D. Behavioral factors

E. Stressors

44. Factors that create stress can be grouped into two major categories—                                      ; both directly affect employees, and ultimately their jobs.
    1. organizational and personal
    2. eustress and distress
    3. general and specific
    4. internal and external
    5. specific and non-specific

45. Of the following, which is the most prevalent source of stress for Americans?
    1. Personal
    2. Job
    3. Family
    4. Economic
    5. Health-related

46. Of the following, which account(s) for nearly 40 percent of annual workplace illnesses, resulting in headaches, swollen feet, back pain, or nerve damage and cost(s) U.S. companies several billion dollars annually?
    1. Stress
    2. Eustress
    3. Cardiac disorders
    4. Emotional disorders
    5. Musculoskeletal disorders

47. How can supervisors reduce stress in the workplace? Is stress in organizations inevitable?

48. To help employees deal with personal problems, more and more companies are implementing

1. 1. employee assistance programs
   2. health maintenance plans
   3. wellness programs
   4. exercise and fitness programs
   5. behavioral health programs

49. A                                                                        is a type of program in an organization that is designed to keep employees healthy.
    1. rehabilitation program
    2. health maintenance plan
    3. wellness program
    4. exercise and fitness program
    5. behavioral health program

50. Discuss the possible reasons that wellness programs don’t work as well as employee assistance programs (EAPs) What criteria can help wellness programs succeed and increase employee participation?