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Southern Connecticut State University CHE 121 Chapter 7 Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood QuESTION 1) A child who cannot see something from another person’s perspective or point of view is showing   centration

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Southern Connecticut State University

CHE 121

Chapter 7 Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

QuESTION 1)

A child who cannot see something from another person’s perspective or point of view is showing

 

centration. egocentrism. conservation. irreversibility.

 

QUESTION 2

A key to preventing obesity in children is to

 

have individual servings of appropriate portions.

increase the numbers of calories per pound of body weight. vary the amount of calories children consume from day to day. insist that children eat everything on their plates.

 

QUESTION 3

A young child is alone in a room, trying to put together a difficult puzzle. The child says out loud, “Maybe if you look for the pieces with the flat side first, it will be easier to finish the outside part.” This pattern of private speech is most consistent with view of the function of this kind of speech.

 

Piaget’s Kohlberg’s Vygotsky’s Binet’s

 

 

QUESTION 4

A young child may have difficulty answering questions accurately about a specific instance of abuse, even though the child accurately remembers a(n)       of abuse.

 

episode pattern experience situation

 

QUESTION 5

According to Piaget, a limitation in the thinking of children in the preoperational stage is that they have difficulty

 

showing empathy.

classifying objects according to more than one stimulus dimension. distinguishing reality from fantasy.

thinking animistically.

 

QUESTION 6

According to Piaget, deferred imitation requires the use of

 

symbolic functioning. formal operational thought.

concrete operational thought. seriation.

 

QUESTION 7

According to Vygotsky, a child who is in the “zone of proximal development” is

 

almost ready to perform a particular cognitive task independently. in a transition between sensorimotor and preoperational thought. able to perform certain cognition tasks at a later-than-normal age.

physically close to the mother, who provides a secure base from which to explore.

 

QUESTION 8

According to recent statistics, about one in every         children is homeless.

 

10

30

45

65

 

According to research presented in your text, children under the age of 6

 

should play on at least two sports teams.

could be overwhelmed by the physical and motor demands of organized sports. should only play outside if they are part of a team.

should play one organized sport that their parents choose and one that they choose.

 

QUESTION 10

According to the social interaction model, a parent with a high elaborative style

 

will help children forget unpleasant experiences. will help children form richer memories.

will often answer for the child when the child can’t remember something. will have children who perform lower on later tests of cognitive abilities.

 

QUESTION 11

According to the text, children are usually not physically ready to participate in organized sports until they are

 

about 4 years old. about 5 years old. about 6 years old.

adolescents, because organized sports are harmful to young children.

 

QUESTION 12

According to the text, children become able to classify objects according to two dimensions, such as color and shape, around the age of

 

18 months.

2              years.

3              years. 4 years.

 

QUESTION 13

According to twin and adoption studies, family life has its strongest influence on intelligence during which period?

 

Infancy Toddlerhood Early childhood Middle childhood

 

According to your text, which word will be the easiest for little Nathan to learn through fast mapping?

 

Eagle Run How She

 

QUESTION 15

At about the age of         , children are able to understand the relationship between pictures, maps, and scale models and that the objects are spaces they represent.

 

2

3

4

5

 

QUESTION 16

Piaget appears to have greatly underestimated the understanding of causality in children. New evidence suggests that children as young as              years old showed causal reasoning.

 

1 ½

2 ½

3 ½

4 ½

 

QUESTION 17

Piaget concluded that young children come to illogical conclusions because they cannot

                and think about several aspects of a situation at the same time.

 

mentally focus reason logically decenter remember

 

QUESTION 18

Piaget designed the “three mountain task" to study        of young children.

 

centration egocentrism conservation irreversibility

 

Piaget maintained that private speech is

 

a sign of abnormal development. a form of communication.

an egocentric form of speech. practice for social speech.

 

QUESTION 20

Piaget proposed that children begin to develop a theory of mind when they are around

 

18 months old.

6 years old.

3 years old.

9 years old.

 

QUESTION 21

Piaget thought that young children’s speech was mostly

 

egocentric. social. unintelligible. ungrammatical.

 

QUESTION 22

Piaget used the three-mountain task to assess children’s level of

 

conservation. egocentrism. seriation.

class inclusion.

 

QUESTION 23

Vygotsky saw private speech as

 

reflecting unwillingness to communicate. egocentric.

resulting from lack of social experience.

a way that children converse with themselves.

 

Cognitive effects from   may be long lasting.

 

obesity

eating dessert malnutrition enlarged fatty cells

 

QUESTION 25

Early scaffolding practices by parents resulted in children who several years later were

 

more dependent on adults for problem solving. more independent in their cognitive and social skills.

lagging behind their counterparts who did not receive scaffolding opportunities. shown to have no apparent impact on later cognitive skills.