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Northern Arizona University BIO 181 Quiz 3 1)In the context of proteins, primary structure refers to: a

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Northern Arizona University

BIO 181

Quiz 3

1)In the context of proteins, primary structure refers to:

a.            the location of hydrogen bonds b. the sequence of amino acids

2.            Quaternary structure refers to:

a.            the number of alpha helice in a protein b. none of the above

3.            non covalent interaction play an important role in determining a proteins

a.            secondary structure

b.            tertiary structure

c.             quaternary structure d. all the above

4.            pH affects enzymes in that

a.            the structure of enzymes (proteins) are sensitive to changes in pH.

B. peptide bonds are unstable at pH other than 7

5.            in the context of protein structure, a helices and B pleated sheet are example of

a.            primary structure b. secondary structure

6.            which of the following could be used to denature (unfold) a protein:

a heat

 

b addition to concentrated acid

b.            addition to concentrated base

c.             addition to NaCl

d.            all the above

7.            Denaturing a protein will affect all of the following except:

a.            primary structure

b.            secondary structure

8.            In proteins, amino acids are joined by:

a.            gylcosidic bonds b. peptide bonds

9.            A molecule of H20 is formed when which of following linkages occur?

a.            glycosidic bonds b. peptide bonds

10.          what kind of polymer is this?

 

a.            protein

b.            polysaccharide

11.          a gylcosidic linkage is analogous to which of the following in nucleic acids?

a.            nucleotide

b.            a phosphodiester bond

12.          which of the following statements regarding sugars is correct?

a.            amino acids undergo condensation reactions to form polysaccharides

b.            monosaccharides undergo condensation reactions to form polysaccharides 13. A molecule w/ the formula C6H12O6 is a

a.            monosaccharide

b.            amino acid

14.          which molecule below is a monomer?

a.            glucose

b.            glycogen

15.          which of the following polymers of glucose contain glycosidic bonds?

a.            cellulose

b.            glycogen

c.             starch

d.            amylose

e.            all the above

16.          which of the following linkages would you expect to find at a branch point in glycogen?

a.            a-1,4-phosphodiester linkage

 

b.            a 1-6, gylcosidic linkaged

17.          Humans can not digest cellulose (eat grass) b/c?

a. they lack enzymes needed to hydrolyze a 1,4-glycosidic linkages b. . they lack enzymes needed to hydrolyze B 1,4-glycosidic linkages

18.          which of the following is produced during Krebs cycle?

a.            CO2

b.            NADH

c.             FADH2

d.            all the above

19.          in aerobic metabolism, the O2 that is consumed is converted to:

a. glucose b. water

20.          in the absence of O2 glucose is converted to lactate. The net production of ATP per glucose is

? molecules

a.            1

b.            2.

21.          During aerobic respiration the majority of the ATP is produced during:

a.            Oxidation phosphorlation

b.            glycolysis

22.          Ubiquinone (Q) and cytochrome c are:

a.            formed during the citric acid cycle

b.            the mobile electron carriers in the electron transport chain

23.          in the presence of O2, in which organelle is the majority of ATP synthesized(powerhouse of cell) ?

a.nucleus

b. mitchondria

24.          in the absence of O2, certain forms of yeast can produce alcohol from pyruvate. What else occurs during this reaction?

a.            O2 is produced

b.            NADH is reoxidized to produce NAD+

25.          which of the following is true of the respiratory chain?

a.            electrons are received from NADH and FADH2

b.            electrons are passed from donor to recipient carrier molecules in a series of oxidation-reduction reactions.

c.             the terminal electron acceptor is O2

d.            the enzymes are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane e. All the above

26.          which of the following statements about the flow of genetic info is true?

a. DNA is not found in prokaryotic cells

d. DNA encodes info that is transcribed into RNA, and RNA encodes info that is translated into proteins

27.          The # of ATP produces per glucose in the presence of O2 is approx.?

 

a. 0 b. 29

28.          Sister chromatids are held together at the

a. golgi body b. centromere

29.          During meiosos, the sister chromatids separate during

a.            anaphase II

b.            anaphase I

30.          Meiosis involves the creation of haploid cells from diploid cells. The haploid chromosomes # is created when?

a.            homologous chromosomes separate

b.            non-disjunction occurs

31 at the end of the first meiotic division, each chromosome consists is

a.            3 homologous pairs

b.            2 chromatids

32.          A potato has a diploid # of 48. If an egg of this plant has 23 chromosomes, the most likely explanation is..

a.normal meiosis has occurred

b. nondisjunstion occurred during meiosis I

33.          Triglycerides whose fatty acid side chains contain 0 double bond will be:

a.            liquid at room temp

b.            referred to as a saturated fat

34.          During meiosis I in humans, one of the daughter cells receives

a.            only a maternal chromosome

b.            a mixture of maternal and paternal chromosomes

35.          at the end of meiosis which of the following are produced?

a.            4 nuclei containing ½ as much DNA as the parent nucleus

b.            4 genetically identical nuclei.

36.          the physical apperence of a character Is called?

a. the genotype b. the phenotype

c. a trait

37.          what are the dimensions of a Punnett square needed to look at 5 traits simultaneously?

a. 5x5

b. 10x10

c. 32x32

38.          color blindess is a sex linked recessive gene that is carried on the X chromosome. If color blind man marries a women who is not color blind, nor a carried, what fraction will their children be colored blind?

a.            0

 

b.            0%

39.          classical albinism results from a recessive autosomal allele. Which of the following is expected ratio from the progeny of an albino male and an albino woman?

a.            ¾ albino, ¼ albino

b.            ¾ albino, ¼ normal. c. all albino

40.          Consider 4 traits. A is dominant over little a, B is dominant of little b, C is dominate over little c, and D is dominant over little d.

if one crosses:

AaBbCcDd x AaBbCcDd

What fraction of offspring expressed the RECESSIVE phenotype for all 4 traits? a.1/4

b. 1/8 c. 1/256

 

 

 

41.          when true breeding red snap dragons (RR) are crossed with true breeding white snap dragons (rr), the results is that 100% of the offspring are pink. If one crossed 2 pink dragons, one expects what fractions of the offspring to be white?

a. 0% b. 25%

42.          Mitchondria have:

a.            an inner and outer membrane

b.            a cell wall

43-44 Mendel performed a cross btw. Individuals heterozyhouse for 4 different traits: yellow versus green seed (green is dom. ) and red versus white flowers (red is dom.)

43.          what fraction of the offspring would have been expected to have green send and red flowers?

1. 1/16

b. 3/16 c 9/16

45.          what fraction of the offspring would have been expected to have green seeds and white flowers?

a. 1/16 b. 3/16 c 9/16

46.          How does a nucleus in G2 differ from one in the G1 phase?

A.            G2 has double the amnt. Of DNA as G1

B.            During the G2, the cell prepares for S phase

47.          The enzymes DNA ligase is required continuously during DNA replication bc?

 

a.            fragments of the leading strand must be joined together.

b.            fragments of the lagging strand must be joined together.

48.          which of the following phases of the cell cycle is not part of interphase?

a.            M

b.            S

49.          the “backbone” of nucleic acid molecules is made up of?

a.            nitrogen bases

b.            alternating sugars and phosphate groups

50.          A new form of life is discovered on the moon. The DNA structure that is similar to our won and contains the same 4 bases (CGAT). However, the aliens have proteins that are made up of 300 different amino acids. What is the smallest # of nucleotides that can be in a codon for this lie form?

a.            2

b.            5