University of Chester - NURSING 101

Chapter 08: Minerals

Nix: Williams Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 15th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1)The mineral present in the body in the greatest amount is

1. 1. sodium.
   2. calcium.
   3. iron.
   4. chloride.

2. The factors most responsible for regulating calcium absorption from food are
   1. activity and diet.
   2. dietary intake and vitamin D hormone.
   3. metabolic rate and cardiovascular function.
   4. vitamin D hormone, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone.

3. Binding agents such as oxalic acid and phytic acid inhibit absorption of
   1. potassium.
   2. sodium.
   3. sulfur.
   4. calcium.

4. The person most at risk for developing osteoporosis is a

1. 1. 25-year-old woman who plays tennis three times a week.
   2. 35-year-old woman who has sustained multiple trauma and is bedridden.
   3. 55-year-old woman who exercises three times a week and consumes adequate milk and dairy products at least three times a day.
   4. 14-year-old girl who runs track and drink four glasses of milk daily.

5. An example of a food that is a good source of calcium is
   1. kidney beans.
   2. whole-grain bread.
   3. yogurt.
   4. spinach.

6. An example of a breakfast high in calcium is
   1. scrambled eggs and toast.
   2. pancakes and syrup.
   3. sausage biscuit.
   4. cereal and milk.

7. The functions of energy metabolism and acid-base balance are regulated by
   1. sodium.
   2. iron.

1. 3. potassium.
   4. phosphorus.

8. Two foods that are good sources of nutrients most important in bone formation are
   1. margarine and apples.
   2. milk and yogurt.
   3. bread and red meat.
   4. cereal and yogurt.

9. An important function of sodium is
   1. energy metabolism.
   2. water balance.
   3. tooth formation.
   4. nerve conduction.

10. Most of the body’s sodium is found in
    1. plasma.
    2. water outside the cells.
    3. water inside the cells.
    4. cerebrospinal fluid.

11. Processed foods supply a large percent of what mineral?

1. 1. Manganese
   2. Magnesium
   3. Sodium
   4. Iron

12. The major mineral in water inside cells is
    1. sodium.
    2. chloride.
    3. potassium.
    4. magnesium.

13. Of the foods below, the one providing the best source of potassium is
    1. spinach.
    2. lemonade.
    3. processed cheese crackers.
    4. french fries.

14. The two minerals that occur in the water outside cells and regulate water balance are
    1. calcium and potassium.
    2. sodium and chloride.
    3. phosphorus and magnesium.
    4. iron and zinc.

15. Chloride is incorporated into
    1. pancreatic secretions.
    2. intestinal secretions.
    3. gastric secretions.
    4. skeletal tissue.

16. An important function of sulfur in the body is
    1. building connective tissue.
    2. tooth formation.
    3. fat storage.
    4. acid-base balance.

17. A food that enhances nonheme iron absorption is
    1. orange juice.
    2. white toast.
    3. olive oil.
    4. sausage.

18. Which of the following foods would be most important to assist with thyroxine synthesis?
    1. Iodized table salt
    2. Fresh, green lettuce
    3. An apple
    4. Yogurt

19. The main dietary source of iodine is
    1. seafood.
    2. legumes.
    3. iodized table salt.
    4. fortified foods.

20. Copper has a metabolic association with
    1. silicon.
    2. chromium.
    3. iron.
    4. molybdenum.

21. Chromium is a component of the factor that facilitates the action of insulin. This factor is called
    1. factor III.
    2. the antipernicious factor.
    3. the glucogenic factor.
    4. the glucose tolerance factor.

22. A significant food source of selenium is

1. 1. turkey.
   2. potato chips.
   3. canned fruit.
   4. broccoli.

23. The main function of fluoride is to
    1. provide structural support.
    2. prevent anemia.
    3. prevent dental caries.
    4. slow aging.

24. Trace minerals are called trace elements because they are
    1. not as important as the other minerals.
    2. found in small quantities in food sources.
    3. found in small quantities in the body.
    4. difficult to detect in the body.

25. Minerals are
    1. organic compounds.
    2. elements.
    3. made by plants.
    4. liquid at room temperature.

26. An example of a lunch high in potassium is a
    1. hamburger on a bun with sliced tomatoes.
    2. grilled cheese sandwich and pretzels.
    3. pasta salad and hard roll.
    4. bagel with cream cheese and a dill pickle.

27. A potassium deficiency may be caused by
    1. allergies.
    2. food poisoning.
    3. psychological stress.
    4. myocardial infarction.

28. Amino acids that contain sulfur are
    1. phenylalanine and calcium.
    2. threonine and tyrosine.
    3. methionine and cystine.
    4. leucine and tryptophan.

29. The trace element the body needs to produce antibodies, convert carotene to vitamin A, and form hemoglobin is
    1. copper.
    2. iron.
    3. magnesium.
    4. zinc.