University of Chester - NURSING 101

Chapter 05: Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Nix: Williams Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 15th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1)The process of digestion involves

1. 1. thermal and chemical actions.
   2. chemical and metabolic actions.
   3. mechanical and chemical actions.
   4. mechanical and thermal actions.

2. The rhythmic contractions of the stomach and intestine that propel food along are called
   1. segmentation.
   2. peristalsis.
   3. cardiospasm.
   4. pendular movements.

3. An example of a gastric secretion is
   1. intestinal lipase.
   2. pancreatic amylase.
   3. bile.
   4. hydrochloric acid.

4. A pizza slice is being consumed by a hungry teen. The first actions of biting, chewing, and breaking up the slice into smaller particles are called
   1. peristalsis.
   2. segmentation.
   3. pendular movements.
   4. mastication.

5. A food that begins chemical digestion in the mouth is
   1. chicken.
   2. yogurt.
   3. candy.
   4. bread.

6. After ingested food is mixed and churned with gastric secretions, the semifluid mass is called
   1. chyle.
   2. chyme.
   3. renin.
   4. bolus.

7. One type of movement in the small intestine is
   1. mastication.
   2. segmentation.
   3. kinetic propulsion.
   4. expulsion.

8. Compared with the pH in the stomach, the pH in the small intestine is
   1. lower.
   2. higher.
   3. the same.
   4. neutral.

9. The enzyme that would be most important for digesting a skinless chicken breast would be
   1. sucrase.
   2. lipase.
   3. peptidase.
   4. bile.

10. A food that is high in a macronutrient broken down by trypsin is
    1. bread.
    2. fruit.
    3. margarine.
    4. fish.

11. The lining of the stomach and intestine is protected from strong acid by
    1. pepsinogen.
    2. bile.
    3. mucus.
    4. the presence of food.

12. The hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release its secretions is
    1. gastrin.
    2. enterogastrone.
    3. cholecystokinin.
    4. secretin.

13. A meal consisting of country-fried steak, carrots, and a baked potato with butter and sour cream would stimulate the hormone cholecystokinin because of the
    1. presence of food in the duodenum.
    2. presence of fat in the duodenum.
    3. entry of the acidic chyme into the duodenum.
    4. entry of bile into the duodenum.

14. After eating fried chicken, the resulting products from the digestion of fat include
    1. glycerol and fatty acids.
    2. glucose and fatty acids.
    3. amino acids and dipeptides.
    4. cholesterol and glycerol.

15. A means of absorption that occurs in the small intestine is
    1. exchange.
    2. pinocytosis.
    3. filtration.
    4. electrochemical transport.

16. After absorption, the end products of carbohydrate and protein digestion enter the
    1. lacteal.
    2. bile duct.
    3. blood system.
    4. bowel.

17. The primary nutritional function of the large intestine is the
    1. absorption of fats.
    2. absorption of water.
    3. excretion of waste products.
    4. completion of the digestive process.

18. A child with phenylketonuria should avoid drinking
    1. diet beverages sweetened with aspartame.
    2. beverages sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup.
    3. coffee and other caffeinated beverages.
    4. fluoridated drinking water.

19. Gas formation in the colon is the result of the
    1. ingestion of certain foods.
    2. ingestion of too much water.
    3. inadequate ingestion of fiber.
    4. bacterial action on undigested items.

20. After digestion, fatty materials are absorbed into the
    1. bloodstream.
    2. outer skin.
    3. colon.
    4. lacteals.

21. Dietary fiber is beneficial because it
    1. is high in nutrients.
    2. is readily digested.
    3. adds bulk to feces.
    4. absorbs excess nutrients.

22. The sum of all the chemical changes that an organism performs to maintain its life and produce energy is called

1. 1. metabolism.
   2. digestion.
   3. absorption.
   4. respiration.

23. Bile contains
    1. hormones.
    2. enzymes.
    3. plasma.
    4. emulsifiers.

24. Two organs that work with the small intestine in digestion are the
    1. liver and kidneys.
    2. stomach and large intestine.
    3. pancreas and liver.
    4. large intestine and colon.

25. Conversion of amino acids to glucose is called
    1. metabolism.
    2. glycogenosis.
    3. gluconeogenesis.
    4. catabolism.

26. The surface of the intestinal wall has mucosal folds, villi, and microvilli to
    1. aid in peristalsis.
    2. increase the surface area for absorption.
    3. decrease the surface area for absorption.
    4. increase the number of enzyme-secreting cells.

27. Ways to minimize formation of stomach gas include
    1. avoiding caffeine.
    2. chewing with your mouth open.
    3. drinking liquids through a straw.
    4. not gulping.

28. A beverage that may cause intestinal gas in adults is
    1. milk.
    2. coffee.
    3. apple juice.
    4. cola.

29. Ms. J. complains of gas and bloating along with abdominal pain, especially after drinking milk or eating ice cream or cheese. She may have
    1. lactose intolerance.
    2. phenylalanine intolerance.
    3. a calcium deficiency.