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Homework answers / question archive / Queens College, CUNY - ECON 201 CHAPTER 2: Measuring the Macroeconomy MULTIPLE CHOICE 1)Who led the team that created the original National Income and Product Accounts in the 1930s? a
Queens College, CUNY - ECON 201
CHAPTER 2: Measuring the Macroeconomy
1)Who led the team that created the original National Income and Product Accounts in the 1930s?
a. |
John M. Keynes |
d. |
Simon Kuznets |
b. |
Paul A. Samuelson |
e. |
Milton Friedman |
c. |
William D. Nordhaus |
|
|
a. |
Stock prices |
d. |
Steel production |
b. |
GDP |
e. |
Gold prices |
c. |
Industrial production |
|
|
a. |
aggregating the production of all goods and services into a single measure of economic activity |
b. |
aggregating the production of all goods into a single measure of economic activity |
c. |
aggregating the production of all services into a single measure of economic activity |
d. |
aggregating the production of most goods and services into a single measure of economic activity |
e. |
aggregating the production of all goods and services into two measures of economic activity |
a. |
$15.7 billion |
d. |
$10 trillion |
b. |
$15.7 trillion |
e. |
$13.1 million |
c. |
$50,000 |
|
|
a. |
$15.7 billion |
d. |
$12,000 |
b. |
$43,000 |
e. |
$80,000 |
c. |
$50,000 |
|
|
to .
a. |
household income; government income; firm income |
b. |
total output; total spending; inflation |
c. |
total output; inflation; total income |
d. |
household income; household expenditure; total output |
e. |
total output; total spending; total income |
A.
a. |
|
d. |
|
b. |
|
e. |
|
c. |
|
|
|
A.
a. |
normal profits are earnings based on the normal competitive return to one’s own labor; economic profits are the above-normal returns associated with prices that exceed competitive prices |
b. |
economic profits are earnings based on the normal competitive return to one’s own labor; normal profits are the above-normal returns associated with prices that exceed competitive prices |
c. |
normal profits are earnings based on the normal competitive return to one’s own labor; economic profits are the above-normal returns |
|
associated with prices that exceed monopolistic prices |
d. |
economic profits are earnings based on the noncompetitive return to one’s own labor; normal profits are the above-normal returns associated with prices that exceed competitive prices |
e. |
None of these answers are correct. |
a. |
inventory |
d. |
a loss |
b. |
output adjustment |
e. |
net national product |
c. |
capital depreciation |
|
|
a. |
the unemployment rate |
d. |
the GDP deflator |
b. |
GDP |
e. |
the federal funds rate |
c. |
the CPI |
|
|
a. |
consumption; income |
b. |
expenditure on goods and services; output |
c. |
expenditure on goods; expenditure on services |
d. |
investment; government expenditures |
e. |
taxes; net exports |
A.
a. |
|
d. |
|
b. |
|
e. |
|
c. |
|
|
|
B.
a. |
|
d. |
|
b. |
|
e. |
|
c. |
|
|
|
B.
a. |
|
d. |
|
b. |
|
e. |
|
c. |
|
|
|
B.
Refer to the following table when answering the next four questions.
Table 2.1: U.S. 2011?2012 Expenditures ($ billions)
|
2011 |
2012 |
Personal consumption expenditures |
10,729 |
11,120 |
Goods |
3,625 |
3,783 |
Services |
7,104 |
7,337 |
Gross private domestic investment |
1,855 |
2,062 |
Fixed investment |
1,818 |
2,004 |
Change in private inventories |
37 |
58 |
Net exports of goods and services |
–568 |
–560 |
Exports |
2,094 |
2,184 |
Imports |
2,662 |
2,744 |
Government expenditures |
3,060 |
3,063 |
Federal |
1,222 |
1,214 |
State and local |
1,838 |
1,849 |
a. |
$35,476 billion |
d. |
$10,092 billion |
b. |
$15,076 billion |
e. |
$6,382 billion |
c. |
$15,644 billion |
|
|
a. |
$36,858 billion |
d. |
$15,685 billion |
b. |
$13,991 billion |
e. |
$6,554 billion |
c. |
$16,245 billion |
|
|
a. |
19.5 percent |
d. |
20.3 percent |
b. |
7.7 percent |
e. |
8.1 percent |
c. |
12.2 percent |
|
|
a. |
decreased; increased |
d. |
increased; decreased |
b. |
increased; increased |
e. |
stayed the same; stayed the same |
c. |
decreased; stayed the same |
|
|
a. |
50 percent |
d. |
76 percent |
b. |
71 percent |
e. |
13 percent |
c. |
45 percent |
|
|
B.
a. |
71 percent |
d. |
10 percent |
b. |
?3.5 percent |
e. |
16 percent |
c. |
13 percent |
|
|
B.
a. |
5 percent |
d. |
13 percent |
b. |
?4 percent |
e. |
20 percent |
c. |
66 percent |
|
|
B.
a. |
?4 percent |
d. |
100 percent |
b. |
13 percent |
e. |
?14 percent |
c. |
20 percent |
|
|
B.
a. |
capital outflows |
d. |
foreign aid |
b. |
the trade balance |
e. |
government transfers |
c. |
the current account |
|
|
B.
a. |
defense and nondefense federal, state, and local government expenditures |
b. |
only nondefense federal government expenditures |
c. |
federal government expenditures and transfer payments |
d. |
only state and local government expenditures |
e. |
residential investment and state and local government expenditures |
a. |
one-third |
d. |
three-fifths |
b. |
half |
e. |
100 percent |
c. |
74 percent |
|
|
a. |
durable and nondurable goods and services |
b. |
durable and nondurable goods |
c. |
durable and nondurable goods and taxes |
d. |
durable and nondurable goods and residences |
e. |
nondurable goods |
a. |
household residential expenditures |
b. |
firm structures, equipment, and inventories |
c. |
fixed firm and household structures, equipment, and inventories |
d. |
government and firm equipment expenditures |
e. |
government defense and firm equipment expenditures |
a. |
transfer payments |
d. |
changes in stock prices |
b. |
taxes |
e. |
None of these answers are correct. |
c. |
Social Security |
|
|
a. |
defense expenditures |
d. |
household service expenditures |
b. |
firm expenditures on equipment |
e. |
All of these answers are correct. |
c. |
residential expenditures |
|
|
a. |
$5 trillion; net exports |
b. |
$22.5 billion; government expenditures |
c. |
$10.5 trillion; investment |
d. |
$13.6 billion; consumption |
e. |
$15.7 trillion; consumption |
B.
a. |
software |
d. |
All of these answers are correct. |
b. |
taxes |
e. |
None of these answers are correct. |
c. |
defense expenditures |
|
|
a. |
constant; the 1970s |
d. |
constant; the Vietnam War |
b. |
variable; the Great Depression |
e. |
variable; the 1990s |
c. |
constant; World War II |
|
|
a. |
1939; constant |
d. |
1950; constant |
b. |
the Great |
e. |
1929 until 1945; |
|
Depression era; constant |
|
constant |
c. |
1950; variable |
|
|
a. |
caused a rapid decline in inventories |
b. |
driven investment below 10 percent |
c. |
no impact on net exports |
d. |
been at a cost to net exports and government spending |
e. |
also pushed up the government expenditure share |
.
a. |
exported; consumed |
d. |
invested; exported |
b. |
exported; imported |
e. |
imported; invested |
c. |
imported; consumed |
|
|
a. |
indirect business taxes |
d. |
depreciation of fixed capital |
b. |
firm profits |
e. |
None of these answers are correct. |
c. |
compensation to employees |
|
|
C.
Refer to the following table when answering the next three questions.
Table 2.2: U.S. 2011–2012 Domestic Income ($ billions)
|
2011 |
2012 |
Compensation of employees, paid |
8,303 |
8,600 |
Wage and salary accruals |
6,669 |
6,914 |
Supplements to wages and salaries |
1,634 |
1,687 |
Taxes on production and imports |
1,098 |
1,130 |
Subsidies |
62 |
61 |
Net operating surplus |
3,768 |
3,963 |
Private enterprises |
3,794 |
3,997 |
Current surplus of government enterprises |
–27 |
–34 |
Depreciation of fixed capital |
1,937 |
2,012 |
Private |
1,587 |
1,648 |
Government |
349 |
364 |
a. |
$16,606 |
d. |
$15,044 |
b. |
$14,008 |
e. |
$15,645 |
c. |
$32,969 |
|
|
a. |
$15,644 |
d. |
$14,576 |
b. |
$15,044 |
e. |
$17,201 |
c. |
$34,339 |
|
|
a. |
$13,632 |
d. |
$14,576 |
b. |
$13,708 |
e. |
$11,743 |
c. |
$15,645 |
|
|
a. |
labor’s; rising |
d. |
indirect business taxes’; rising |
b. |
labor’s; the same |
e. |
the health sector’s; falling |
c. |
profits’; falling |
|
|
C.
a. |
is roughly two- thirds |
d. |
is equal to capital’s income share |
b. |
is exactly 50 percent |
e. |
has risen sharply |
c. |
is roughly one- third |
|
|
C.
a. |
GDP; costs |
d. |
interest rates; costs |
b. |
revenues; costs |
e. |
prices; costs |
c. |
taxes; benefits |
|
|
a. |
income; welfare |
d. |
GDP; welfare |
b. |
GDP; taxes |
e. |
taxes; costs |
c. |
GDP; transfers |
|
|
a. |
You find $10 on the sidewalk. |
b. |
You purchase a used stereo from a friend. |
c. |
The government builds a new highway. |
d. |
You fix your own sink. |
e. |
None of these answers are correct. |
a. |
A student buys another year of tuition. |
b. |
You buy a used car from your parents. |
c. |
The local police station buys new squad cars. |
d. |
The Pentagon buys gasoline. |
e. |
None of these answers are correct. |
a. |
$160,000 |
d. |
$90,000 |
b. |
$250,000 |
e. |
$260,000 |
c. |
$10,000 |
|
|
a. |
GDP rises by $50,000. |
d. |
GDP rises by $25,000. |
b. |
GDP is unchanged. |
e. |
Not enough information is given. |
c. |
GDP falls by $50,000. |
|
|
a. |
value; 1945 |
d. |
value; current |
b. |
summation; current |
e. |
summation; base year |
c. |
value; a previous year’s |
|
|
a. |
the geometric mean of the highest and lowest priced house in your |
|
neighborhood |
b. |
the original purchase price |
c. |
an estimate price of your house based on current market conditions |
d. |
“rental equivalents” |
e. |
the value of your home to your insurance carrier |
a. |
summation; current |
d. |
value; 1945 |
b. |
value; base year |
e. |
summation; base year |
c. |
value; 1970 |
|
|
a. |
inequality |
d. |
child mortality rates |
b. |
leisure |
e. |
consumption share of GDP |
c. |
life expectancy |
|
|
a. |
Nominal GDP = Price level ?Real GDP; GDP deflator |
b. |
Nominal GDP = Price level ÷ Real GDP; GDP deflator |
c. |
Nominal GDP = Price level + Real GDP; CPI |
d. |
Nominal GDP = Price level Real GDP; GDP deflator |
e. |
Nominal GDP = Price level ?Real GDP; CPI |
a. |
Real GDP = Nominal GDP ?Price level; CPI |
b. |
Real GDP = Nominal GDP ÷ Price level; GDP deflator |
c. |
Real GDP = Nominal GDP + Price level; GDP deflator |
d. |
Real GDP = Nominal GDP – Price level; GDP deflator |
e. |
Real GDP = Nominal GDP ÷ Price level; CPI |
a. |
Price level = Nominal GDP ÷ Real GDP; CPI |
b. |
Price level = Nominal GDP ?Real GDP; CPI |
c. |
Price level = Real GDP ?Nominal GDP; GDP deflator |
d. |
Price level = Real GDP ÷ Nominal GDP; Paasche deflator |
e. |
Price level = Nominal GDP ÷ Real GDP; GDP deflator |
a. |
percent change in the price level + percent change in real GDP |
b. |
percent change in the price level – percent change in real GDP |
c. |
percent change in the price level ? percent change in real GDP |
d. |
percent change in the price level ÷ percent change in real GDP |
e. |
price level ?percent change in real GDP |
, .
a. |
smaller; nominal GDP; real GDP shrinks |
b. |
greater; nominal GDP; real GDP |
|
shrinks |
c. |
greater; real GDP; nominal GDP shrinks |
d. |
greater; real GDP; nominal GDP always stays the same |
e. |
Not enough information is given. |
a. |
the value of all goods and services produced by an economy, within its borders, over a period of time, at base-year prices |
b. |
the value of all goods produced by an economy, within its borders, over a period of time, at current prices |
c. |
the value of all goods and services produced by an economy, within its borders, over a period of time, at current prices |
d. |
the value of all goods and services produced by an economy’s citizens, regardless of where they live, over a period of time, at current prices |
e. |
the value of all goods and services produced by an economy’s citizens, regardless of where they live, over a period of time, at base-year prices |
a. |
the value of all goods and services produced by an economy, within its borders, over a period of time, at base-year prices |
b. |
the value of all goods and services produced by an economy, within its borders, over a period of time, at current prices |
c. |
the value of all goods produced by an economy, within its borders, over a period of time, at current prices |
d. |
the value of all goods and services produced by an economy’s citizens, regardless of where they live, over a period of time, at current prices |
e. |
the value of all goods and services produced by an economy’s citizens, regardless of where they live, over a period of time, at base-year prices |
Refer to the following table when answering the next seven questions. In this economy, only two goods are produced: video games and pistachios.
Table 2.3: National Income Accounting
|
2017 |
2018 |
Quantity of pistachios |
1,000 |
1,100 |
Quantity of video games |
500 |
500 |
Price of pistachios |
$1.00 |
$1.50 |
Price of video games |
$15.00 |
$14.75 |
a. |
$8,900 |
d. |
$15,500 |
b. |
$8,500 |
e. |
$9,150 |
c. |
$1,500 |
|
|
a. |
$9,025 |
d. |
$9,150 |
b. |
$8,500 |
e. |
$8,475 |
c. |
$8,600 |
|
|
a. |
$9,150 |
d. |
$9,025 |
b. |
$8,500 |
e. |
$8,475 |
c. |
$8,600 |
|
|
a. |
$8,475 |
d. |
$9,150 |
b. |
$8,500 |
e. |
$8,875 |
c. |
$8,600 |
|
|
a. |
0 percent |
d. |
6 percent |
b. |
5 percent |
e. |
Not enough information is given. |
c. |
1 percent |
|
|
a. |
6 percent |
d. |
1 percent |
b. |
5 percent |
e. |
Not enough information is given. |
c. |
0 percent |
|
|
a. |
5 percent |
d. |
0 percent |
b. |
1 percent |
e. |
Not enough information is given. |
c. |
6 percent |
|
|
period’s prices.
a. |
Laspeyres; final |
d. |
chain-weighted; current |
b. |
Paasche; final |
e. |
chain-weighted; final |
c. |
Paasche; initial |
|
|
index. If, instead, we use the final period’s prices, we are using a
index.
a. |
Paasche; chain- weighted |
d. |
Paasche; Laspeyres |
b. |
Laspeyres; chain- |
e. |
chain-weighted; |
|
weighted |
|
Fisher |
c. |
Laspeyres; Paasche |
|
|
a. |
a constant base year |
b. |
a constantly changing base year |
c. |
a base year that changes every five years |
d. |
a base year that changes every ten years |
e. |
None of these answers are correct. |
a. |
1.5 percent |
d. |
9.5 percent |
b. |
9.75 percent |
e. |
10.5 percent |
c. |
1.33 percent |
|
|
prices.
a. |
average |
d. |
current |
b. |
last year’s |
e. |
constant |
c. |
the base year’s |
|
|
a. |
percent change in NGDP + percent change in RGDP |
b. |
percent change in NGDP ?percent change in RGDP |
c. |
percent change in NGDP ?percent change in RGDP |
d. |
percent change in RGDP + percent change in NGDP |
e. |
percent change in RGDP ?percent change in NGDP |
a. |
percent change in NGDP – percent change in P |
b. |
percent change in NGDP + percent change in P |
c. |
percent change in NGDP ?percent change in P |
d. |
percent change in P + percent change in NGDP |
e. |
percent change in P – percent change in NGDP |
a. |
rises; 8 percent |
d. |
falls; 2 percent |
b. |
falls; 8 percent |
e. |
None of these answers are correct. |
c. |
rises; 2 percent |
|
|
a. |
falls; 3 percent |
d. |
falls; 9 percent |
b. |
rises; 9 percent |
e. |
None of these answers are correct. |
c. |
rises; 3 percent |
|
|
a. |
rises; 3 percent |
d. |
falls; 9 percent |
b. |
rises; 9 percent |
e. |
There is no change in inflation. |
c. |
falls; 3 percent |
|
|
.
a. |
the interest rate; the exchange rate |
b. |
the exchange rate; price level differences |
c. |
price level differences; the interest rate |
d. |
the exchange rate; fiscal policy |
e. |
fiscal policy; the exchange rate |
a. |
|
b. |
|
c. |
|
d. |
|
e. |
None of these answers are correct. |
a. |
|
b. |
|
c. |
|
d. |
|
e. |
None of these answers are correct. |
a. |
|
d. |
|
b. |
|
e. |
None of these |
|
|
|
answer are correct. |
c. |
|
|
|
Refer to the following table when answering the next four questions.
Table 2.4: U.S. and Eurozone Nominal GDP in 2011
|
2011 |
Eurozone nominal GDP (€ billions) |
€13,144 |
U.S. nominal GDP ($ billions) |
$15,100 |
Dollar/euro exchange rate |
$1.28/€1 |
PEZ/PUS |
0.96 |
a. |
$15,729 billion |
d. |
$10,269 billion |
b. |
$11,797 billion |
e. |
$17,525 billion |
c. |
$16,824 billion |
|
|
a. |
$18,555 billion |
d. |
$17,525 billion |
b. |
$9,858 billion |
e. |
$16,151 billion |
c. |
$10,697 billion |
|
|
times than the Eurozone economy.
a. |
0.93; smaller |
d. |
0.61; smaller |
b. |
1.07; smaller |
e. |
1.09; bigger |
c. |
1.47; bigger |
|
|
times than the Eurozone economy.
a. |
1.15; smaller |
d. |
1.11; smaller |
b. |
1.64; smaller |
e. |
1.09; bigger |
c. |
1.15; bigger |
|
|
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Quantity of Y |
100 |
105 |
103 |
Quantity of X |
5 |
3 |
4 |
Price of Y |
$5 |
$5 |
$5 |
Price of X |
$100 |
$105 |
$110 |
that to the United States as well. You have the following data: In 2012, China’s nominal GDP was CY 51.932 trillion (CY = Chinese yuan); the yuan- dollar exchange rate was CY 6.31/$1; nominal GDP in the United States was
$15.685 trillion; the price level in the United States was 1.00 and the price level in China was 0.60. How big is China’s economy?
Population (column A) and GDP (D) are in millions. GDP in column D is in domestic currency, the euro for Luxembourg, the Qatari rial for Qatar, and the
U.S. dollar for the United States. The exchange rate (B) is units of foreign currency per U.S. $1, and PUS /Pi is the relative price level for the United States and the other countries.
Table GDP, Population, and Exchange Rate Data in 2010
|
Pop |
Exchan ge Rate |
PUS/Pi |
GDP (million s) |
Per Capita GDP Nationa l Currenc y |
Per Capita GDP ($s) |
PPP Per Capita GDP ($s) |
|
(A) |
(B) |
(C) |
(D) |
(E) |
(F) |
(G) |
LUX |
0.498 |
0.76 |
0.87 |
36,561 |
? |
? |
? |
QAT |
0.841 |
3.64 |
1.01 |
470,42 2 |
? |
? |
? |
USA |
310.23 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
14,584, 731 |
? |
? |
? |
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