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#### Queens College, CUNY - ECON 201 CHAPTER 2: Measuring the Macroeconomy MULTIPLE CHOICE 1)Who led the team that created the original National Income and Product Accounts in the 1930s? a

###### Economics

Queens College, CUNY - ECON 201

CHAPTER 2: Measuring the Macroeconomy

# MULTIPLE CHOICE

1)Who led the team that created the original National Income and Product Accounts in the 1930s?

 a. John M. Keynes d. Simon Kuznets b. Paul A. Samuelson e. Milton Friedman c. William D. Nordhaus

1. Which measure of overall economic activity was not available in the 1930s?
 a. Stock prices d. Steel production b. GDP e. Gold prices c. Industrial production

1. The National Income and Product Accounts provides a system for:
 a. aggregating the production of all goods and services into a single measure of economic activity b. aggregating the production of all goods into a single measure of economic activity c. aggregating the production of all services into a single measure of economic activity d. aggregating the production of most goods and services into a single measure of economic activity e. aggregating the production of all goods and services into two measures of economic activity

1. In 2012, U.S. national output was equal to about:
 a. $15.7 billion d.$10 trillion b. $15.7 trillion e.$13.1 million c. $50,000 1. In 2012, U.S. national output per person was equal to about:  a.$15.7 billion d. $12,000 b.$43,000 e. $80,000 c.$50,000

1. The National Income and Product Accounts allows us to relate               to

to                .

 a. household income; government income; firm income b. total output; total spending; inflation c. total output; inflation; total income d. household income; household expenditure; total output e. total output; total spending; total income

A.

1. The National Income and Product Accounts identity states:
 a. d. b. e. c.

A.

1. The difference between economic profits and normal profits is that:
 a. normal profits are earnings based on the normal competitive return to one’s own labor; economic profits are the above-normal returns associated with prices that exceed competitive prices b. economic profits are earnings based on the normal competitive return to one’s own labor; normal profits are the above-normal returns associated with prices that exceed competitive prices c. normal profits are earnings based on the normal competitive return to one’s own labor; economic profits are the above-normal returns

 associated with prices that exceed monopolistic prices d. economic profits are earnings based on the noncompetitive return to one’s own labor; normal profits are the above-normal returns associated with prices that exceed competitive prices e. None of these answers are correct.

1. Goods that are produced in a different year than they are sold are called:
 a. inventory d. a loss b. output adjustment e. net national product c. capital depreciation

1. The statistic used by economists to measure the value of economic output is:
 a. the unemployment rate d. the GDP deflator b. GDP e. the federal funds rate c. the CPI

1. An economy’s                  is equal to its                .
 a. consumption; income b. expenditure on goods and services; output c. expenditure on goods; expenditure on services d. investment; government expenditures e. taxes; net exports

A.

1. According to the expenditure approach, if Y is GDP, C is consumption, I is investment, G is government purchases, and NX is net exports, the national income identity can be written as:

 a. d. b. e. c.

B.

1. According to the expenditure approach, if Y is GDP, C is consumption, I is investment, G is government purchases, and NX is net exports, the national income identity can be written as:
 a. d. b. e. c.

B.

1. According to the expenditure approach, if Y is GDP, C is consumption, I is investment, G is government purchases, and NX is net exports, which of the following is the national income identity?
 a. d. b. e. c.

B.

Refer to the following table when answering the next four questions.

Table 2.1: U.S. 2011?2012 Expenditures ($billions)  2011 2012 Personal consumption expenditures 10,729 11,120 Goods 3,625 3,783 Services 7,104 7,337 Gross private domestic investment 1,855 2,062 Fixed investment 1,818 2,004 Change in private inventories 37 58 Net exports of goods and services –568 –560 Exports 2,094 2,184 Imports 2,662 2,744 Government expenditures 3,060 3,063 Federal 1,222 1,214 State and local 1,838 1,849 1. Consider Table 2.1, which tabulates GDP for 2011–2012. Total GDP in 2011 is:  a.$35,476 billion d. $10,092 billion b.$15,076 billion e. $6,382 billion c.$15,644 billion

1. Consider Table 2.1, which tabulates GDP for 2011–2012. Total GDP in 2012 is:
 a. $36,858 billion d.$15,685 billion b. $13,991 billion e.$6,554 billion c. $16,245 billion 1. Consider Table 2.1, which tabulates GDP for 2011–2012. The federal government’s share of total GDP in 2011 was about:  a. 19.5 percent d. 20.3 percent b. 7.7 percent e. 8.1 percent c. 12.2 percent 1. Consider Table 2.1, which tabulates GDP for 2011–2012. Household consumption as a share of GDP and investment’s share over 2011–2012.  a. decreased; increased d. increased; decreased b. increased; increased e. stayed the same; stayed the same c. decreased; stayed the same 1. In 2012, household expenditures accounted for about of total GDP.  a. 50 percent d. 76 percent b. 71 percent e. 13 percent c. 45 percent B. 1. In 2012, investment expenditures accounted for about of total GDP.  a. 71 percent d. 10 percent b. ?3.5 percent e. 16 percent c. 13 percent B. 1. In 2012, government expenditures accounted for about of total GDP.  a. 5 percent d. 13 percent b. ?4 percent e. 20 percent c. 66 percent B. 1. In 2012, net exports accounted for about of total GDP.  a. ?4 percent d. 100 percent b. 13 percent e. ?14 percent c. 20 percent B. 1. Net exports are also called:  a. capital outflows d. foreign aid b. the trade balance e. government transfers c. the current account B. 1. Using the expenditure approach, government expenditures include:  a. defense and nondefense federal, state, and local government expenditures b. only nondefense federal government expenditures c. federal government expenditures and transfer payments d. only state and local government expenditures e. residential investment and state and local government expenditures 1. In 2012, government transfer payments accounted for about of government spending.  a. one-third d. three-fifths b. half e. 100 percent  c. 74 percent 1. Using the expenditure approach, consumption expenditures include household purchases of:  a. durable and nondurable goods and services b. durable and nondurable goods c. durable and nondurable goods and taxes d. durable and nondurable goods and residences e. nondurable goods 1. Using the expenditure approach, investment includes:  a. household residential expenditures b. firm structures, equipment, and inventories c. fixed firm and household structures, equipment, and inventories d. government and firm equipment expenditures e. government defense and firm equipment expenditures 1. Which of the following is/are NOT included in the expenditure approach to national income accounting?  a. transfer payments d. changes in stock prices b. taxes e. None of these answers are correct. c. Social Security 1. Which of the following are NOT included in the expenditure approach to national income accounting?  a. defense expenditures d. household service expenditures  b. firm expenditures on equipment e. All of these answers are correct. c. residential expenditures 1. In 2012, the U.S. GDP was about , and was the largest share.  a.$5 trillion; net exports b. $22.5 billion; government expenditures c.$10.5 trillion; investment d. $13.6 billion; consumption e.$15.7 trillion; consumption

B.

1. Which of the following is/are NOT included in the expenditure approach to national income accounting?
 a. software d. All of these answers are correct. b. taxes e. None of these answers are correct. c. defense expenditures

1. U.S. expenditure shares by households, firms, and the government have been relatively               except during                .
 a. constant; the 1970s d. constant; the Vietnam War b. variable; the Great Depression e. variable; the 1990s c. constant; World War II

1. Since about              , U.S. expenditure shares by households, firms, and the government have been relatively               .
 a. 1939; constant d. 1950; constant b. the Great e. 1929 until 1945;

 Depression era; constant constant c. 1950; variable

1. According to the text, the gains in GDP’s consumption share has:
 a. caused a rapid decline in inventories b. driven investment below 10 percent c. no impact on net exports d. been at a cost to net exports and government spending e. also pushed up the government expenditure share

1. Prior to the late 1970s, the United States                  about as much as it

.

 a. exported; consumed d. invested; exported b. exported; imported e. imported; invested c. imported; consumed

1. According to the income approach to GDP, the largest percentage of GDP comes from:
 a. indirect business taxes d. depreciation of fixed capital b. firm profits e. None of these answers are correct. c. compensation to employees

C.

Refer to the following table when answering the next three questions.

Table 2.2: U.S. 2011–2012 Domestic Income ($billions)  2011 2012 Compensation of employees, paid 8,303 8,600  Wage and salary accruals 6,669 6,914 Supplements to wages and salaries 1,634 1,687 Taxes on production and imports 1,098 1,130 Subsidies 62 61 Net operating surplus 3,768 3,963 Private enterprises 3,794 3,997 Current surplus of government enterprises –27 –34 Depreciation of fixed capital 1,937 2,012 Private 1,587 1,648 Government 349 364 1. Consider Table 2.2, National Income Accounts for 2011 and 2012. From this data, total GDP in 2011 was about billion.  a.$16,606 d. $15,044 b.$14,008 e. $15,645 c.$32,969

1. Consider Table 2.2, National Income Accounts for 2011 and 2012. From this data, total GDP in 2012 was about                            billion.
 a. $15,644 d.$14,576 b. $15,044 e.$17,201 c. $34,339 1. Consider Table 2.2, National Income Accounts for 2011 and 2012. From this data, total net domestic product in 2012 was about billion.  a.$13,632 d. $14,576 b.$13,708 e. $11,743 c.$15,645

1. Since about 1970,               income share of GDP has been                 .
 a. labor’s; rising d. indirect business taxes’; rising b. labor’s; the same e. the health sector’s; falling c. profits’; falling

C.

1. In the past 60 years or so, labor’s share of GDP in the United States                  .
 a. is roughly two- thirds d. is equal to capital’s income share b. is exactly 50 percent e. has risen sharply c. is roughly one- third

C.

1. When the city of Los Angeles hires more police officers,                may rise, but it may be due to the                            associated with crime.
 a. GDP; costs d. interest rates; costs b. revenues; costs e. prices; costs c. taxes; benefits

1. When a state builds a new penitentiary,                rise(s), but that does not imply that                                    improve(s).
 a. income; welfare d. GDP; welfare b. GDP; taxes e. taxes; costs c. GDP; transfers

1. Which of the following counts toward changes in the current GDP?
 a. You find $10 on the sidewalk. b. You purchase a used stereo from a friend. c. The government builds a new highway. d. You fix your own sink. e. None of these answers are correct. 1. Which of the following does NOT count toward changes in the current GDP?  a. A student buys another year of tuition.  b. You buy a used car from your parents. c. The local police station buys new squad cars. d. The Pentagon buys gasoline. e. None of these answers are correct. 1. By how much does the current GDP rise in the following scenario? A real estate agent sells a house for$250,000 that the previous owners had purchased 10 years earlier for $90,000. The real estate agent earns a commission of$10,000.
 a. $160,000 d.$90,000 b. $250,000 e.$260,000 c. $10,000 1. By how much does GDP change between 2010 and 2011 in the following scenario? In 2010, a rich woman has a chef and pays him$50,000 to cook for her. In 2010, she marries the chef and he continues to cook.
 a. GDP rises by $50,000. d. GDP rises by$25,000. b. GDP is unchanged. e. Not enough information is given. c. GDP falls by $50,000. 1. Nominal GDP is the of all goods and services produced in a period of time using prices.  a. value; 1945 d. value; current b. summation; current e. summation; base year c. value; a previous year’s 1. If you own your own home, National Accounts uses to measure the value of your home.  a. the geometric mean of the highest and lowest priced house in your  neighborhood b. the original purchase price c. an estimate price of your house based on current market conditions d. “rental equivalents” e. the value of your home to your insurance carrier 1. Real GDP is the of all goods and services produced in a period of time using prices.  a. summation; current d. value; 1945 b. value; base year e. summation; base year c. value; 1970 1. Which of the following is NOT discussed in Jones and Klenow’s alternative measure of economic welfare?  a. inequality d. child mortality rates b. leisure e. consumption share of GDP c. life expectancy 1. Nominal GDP is given by , where the price level is the .  a. Nominal GDP = Price level ?Real GDP; GDP deflator b. Nominal GDP = Price level ÷ Real GDP; GDP deflator c. Nominal GDP = Price level + Real GDP; CPI d. Nominal GDP = Price level Real GDP; GDP deflator e. Nominal GDP = Price level ?Real GDP; CPI 1. Real GDP is given by , where the price level is the .  a. Real GDP = Nominal GDP ?Price level; CPI b. Real GDP = Nominal GDP ÷ Price level; GDP deflator c. Real GDP = Nominal GDP + Price level; GDP deflator d. Real GDP = Nominal GDP – Price level; GDP deflator e. Real GDP = Nominal GDP ÷ Price level; CPI 1. The price level can be derived as and is called the .  a. Price level = Nominal GDP ÷ Real GDP; CPI b. Price level = Nominal GDP ?Real GDP; CPI c. Price level = Real GDP ?Nominal GDP; GDP deflator d. Price level = Real GDP ÷ Nominal GDP; Paasche deflator e. Price level = Nominal GDP ÷ Real GDP; GDP deflator 1. The percent change in the nominal GDP is given as:  a. percent change in the price level + percent change in real GDP b. percent change in the price level – percent change in real GDP c. percent change in the price level ? percent change in real GDP d. percent change in the price level ÷ percent change in real GDP e. price level ?percent change in real GDP 1. If the percent change in the price level is than the percent change in , .  a. smaller; nominal GDP; real GDP shrinks b. greater; nominal GDP; real GDP  shrinks c. greater; real GDP; nominal GDP shrinks d. greater; real GDP; nominal GDP always stays the same e. Not enough information is given. 1. Nominal gross domestic product is defined as:  a. the value of all goods and services produced by an economy, within its borders, over a period of time, at base-year prices b. the value of all goods produced by an economy, within its borders, over a period of time, at current prices c. the value of all goods and services produced by an economy, within its borders, over a period of time, at current prices d. the value of all goods and services produced by an economy’s citizens, regardless of where they live, over a period of time, at current prices e. the value of all goods and services produced by an economy’s citizens, regardless of where they live, over a period of time, at base-year prices 1. Real gross domestic product is defined as:  a. the value of all goods and services produced by an economy, within its borders, over a period of time, at base-year prices b. the value of all goods and services produced by an economy, within its borders, over a period of time, at current prices c. the value of all goods produced by an economy, within its borders, over a period of time, at current prices d. the value of all goods and services produced by an economy’s citizens, regardless of where they live, over a period of time, at current prices  e. the value of all goods and services produced by an economy’s citizens, regardless of where they live, over a period of time, at base-year prices Refer to the following table when answering the next seven questions. In this economy, only two goods are produced: video games and pistachios. Table 2.3: National Income Accounting  2017 2018 Quantity of pistachios 1,000 1,100 Quantity of video games 500 500 Price of pistachios$1.00 $1.50 Price of video games$15.00 $14.75 1. Consider Table 2.3. Using the Laspeyres index, the real GDP in 2017 is:  a.$8,900 d. $15,500 b.$8,500 e. $9,150 c.$1,500

1. Consider Table 2.3. Using the Laspeyres index, the real GDP in 2018 is:
 a. $9,025 d.$9,150 b. $8,500 e.$8,475 c. $8,600 1. Consider Table 2.3. Using the Paasche index, the real GDP in 2018 is:  a.$9,150 d. $9,025 b.$8,500 e. $8,475 c.$8,600

1. Consider Table 2.3. Using the Paasche index, real GDP in 2017 is:
 a. $8,475 d.$9,150 b. $8,500 e.$8,875 c. $8,600 1. Consider Table 2.3. Using the Laspeyres index, inflation between 2017 and 2018 was about:  a. 0 percent d. 6 percent b. 5 percent e. Not enough information is given. c. 1 percent 1. Consider Table 2.3. Using the Laspeyres index, the percent change in real GDP was about:  a. 6 percent d. 1 percent b. 5 percent e. Not enough information is given. c. 0 percent 1. Consider Table 2.3. Using the Laspeyres index, the percent change in nominal GDP was about:  a. 5 percent d. 0 percent b. 1 percent e. Not enough information is given. c. 6 percent 1. If we calculate the real GDP using the index, we use the period’s prices.  a. Laspeyres; final d. chain-weighted; current b. Paasche; final e. chain-weighted; final c. Paasche; initial 1. If we calculate the real GDP using the initial period’s prices, we are using a index. If, instead, we use the final period’s prices, we are using a index.  a. Paasche; chain- weighted d. Paasche; Laspeyres b. Laspeyres; chain- e. chain-weighted;  weighted Fisher c. Laspeyres; Paasche 1. The chain-weighted measure of real GDP uses prices from:  a. a constant base year b. a constantly changing base year c. a base year that changes every five years d. a base year that changes every ten years e. None of these answers are correct. 1. Suppose we calculate the percent change in real GDP from year 1 to year 2 using both the Laspeyres and the Paasche indices. With the Laspeyres index we get 12 percent and with the Paasche index we get 9 percent. The chain- weighted growth of real GDP is:  a. 1.5 percent d. 9.5 percent b. 9.75 percent e. 10.5 percent c. 1.33 percent 1. Nominal GDP means that the value of all goods and services is measured in prices.  a. average d. current b. last year’s e. constant c. the base year’s 1. If NGDP is nominal GDP and RGDP is real GDP, which of the following can be used to calculate inflation?  a. percent change in NGDP + percent change in RGDP b. percent change in NGDP ?percent change in RGDP c. percent change in NGDP ?percent change in RGDP d. percent change in RGDP + percent change in NGDP  e. percent change in RGDP ?percent change in NGDP 1. If NGDP is nominal GDP and P is the price level, which of the following can be used to calculate the growth of the real GDP?  a. percent change in NGDP – percent change in P b. percent change in NGDP + percent change in P c. percent change in NGDP ?percent change in P d. percent change in P + percent change in NGDP e. percent change in P – percent change in NGDP 1. If the nominal GDP rises by 3 percent and the price level rises by 5 percent, then the real GDP by .  a. rises; 8 percent d. falls; 2 percent b. falls; 8 percent e. None of these answers are correct. c. rises; 2 percent 1. If the nominal GDP rises by 6 percent and the price level rises by 3 percent, then the real GDP by .  a. falls; 3 percent d. falls; 9 percent b. rises; 9 percent e. None of these answers are correct. c. rises; 3 percent 1. If the nominal GDP rises by 6 percent and the real GDP rises by 3 percent, then the price level by .  a. rises; 3 percent d. falls; 9 percent b. rises; 9 percent e. There is no change in inflation.  c. falls; 3 percent 1. To get a more accurate view of the size of countries’ economies, we first need to convert each country’s GDP to the dollar using and then adjust for .  a. the interest rate; the exchange rate b. the exchange rate; price level differences c. price level differences; the interest rate d. the exchange rate; fiscal policy e. fiscal policy; the exchange rate 1. If we want to calculate the Mexican real GDP in U.S. dollars but adjusted for prices, we use the following:  a. b. c. d. e. None of these answers are correct. 1. If we want to calculate the U.S. real GDP in Mexican pesos, we would use the following:  a. b. c. d. e. None of these answers are correct. 1. Define E =$/£ as the dollar/pound exchange rate and NGDPUK as the United Kingdom’s nominal GDP; then , the United Kingdom’s nominal GDP in dollars, is given by:
 a. d. b. e. None of these

Refer to the following table when answering the next four questions.

Table 2.4: U.S. and Eurozone Nominal GDP in 2011

 2011 Eurozone nominal GDP (€ billions) €13,144 U.S. nominal GDP ($billions)$15,100 Dollar/euro exchange rate $1.28/€1 PEZ/PUS 0.96 1. Consider the data in Table 2.4. The value of Eurozone nominal GDP in U.S. dollars is:  a.$15,729 billion d. $10,269 billion b.$11,797 billion e. $17,525 billion c.$16,824 billion

1. Consider the data in Table 2.4. The value of the Eurozone nominal GDP in U.S. dollars adjusted for price differences is:
 a. $18,555 billion d.$17,525 billion b. $9,858 billion e.$16,151 billion c. $10,697 billion 1. Consider the data in Table 2.4. When we convert the Eurozone’s nominal GDP into dollars and adjust for price differences, the U.S. economy is about times than the Eurozone economy.  a. 0.93; smaller d. 0.61; smaller b. 1.07; smaller e. 1.09; bigger c. 1.47; bigger 1. Consider the data in Table 2.4. When we convert the Eurozone’s nominal GDP into dollars but do NOT adjust for price differences, the U.S. economy is about times than the Eurozone economy.  a. 1.15; smaller d. 1.11; smaller b. 1.64; smaller e. 1.09; bigger  c. 1.15; bigger # TRUE/FALSE 1. The largest GDP expenditure share historically has been government expenditure. 1. In 2012, consumption expenditures accounted for over 70 percent of the total GDP. 1. The value added for a good produced is equal to the value of the firm’s output plus the value of the intermediate goods used to produce that output. 1. According to the expenditure approach to GDP, household expenditures include purchases of residential housing. 1. The largest share of household consumption expenditures is durable goods. 1. According to the expenditure approach to GDP, investment expenditures include purchases of residential housing. 1. According to the income approach to GDP, the largest portion of GDP is compensation to employees. 1. According to the income approach to GDP, the largest portion of GDP is net operating surplus. 1. In the income approach to GDP, fixed capital depreciation is defined as the after-tax profits of a firm. 1. GDP measures all economic activity. 1. When you cook yourself dinner, you are contributing to economic activity, but it is not measured in GDP. 1. When you buy a car from your brother, which he bought new in 2000, the purchase adds to current GDP. 1. GDP often is used as a “measure” of economic welfare; it includes all factors that contribute to economic wellbeing. 1. If the percent change in prices is greater than the percent change in the nominal GDP, the real GDP shrinks. 1. If the percent change in prices is greater than the percent change in the nominal GDP, the real GDP rises. 1. When calculating the real GDP using the Laspeyres index, we use the final period’s prices. 1. When calculating the real GDP using the Paasche index, we use the final period’s prices. 1. If the nominal GDP rises by 5 percent and the price level falls by 2 percent, the real GDP falls by 7 percent. 1. If Croatia’s price level is higher than the U.S. price level, Croatia’s dollar- denominated GDP, calculated using price adjustments, will appear smaller than if simply calculated with the exchange rate. 1. To get an accurate view of how GDPs differ across countries, we simply need to convert all countries’ GDPs into dollars using the prevailing exchange rate. 1. If the percent change in real GDP is found to be 4 percent using the Laspeyres index and 3 percent using the Paasche index, the chain-weighted price index will give us a growth rate of 3.5 percent. # SHORT ANSWER 1. What is real GDP? Why do we calculate real GDP? What are the shortcomings of real GDP? 1. Using the expenditure approach to national income accounting, when discussing government expenditures, do we include transfer payments? Why or why not? 1. What are the components that make up the income approach to calculating GDP? What are the components that make up the expenditure approach to calculating GDP? 1. Identify which of the following goods are part of the current year’s U.S. GDP and which are considered current year’s U.S. GNP; explain. (Note: Ford is a company owned by U.S. citizens and Toyota is a company owned by Japanese citizens.) 1. a Ford produced in Mexico 2. a Toyota produced in California 3. a meal you make for a dinner party 4. an American-made vintage T-shirt from Led Zeppelin’s 1971 North American tour you bought online last week 1. Consider the data in the following table, which represents the total production of the country Tucommodatia. They produce only consumer goods.  2017 2018 2019 Quantity of Y 100 105 103 Quantity of X 5 3 4 Price of Y$5 $5$5 Price of X $100$105 $110 1. Calculate real GDP for all three years, using 2017 as the base year. 2. Calculate the Consumer Price Index (CPI), using 2017 as the base year. Identify whether there was inflation from the previous year. 1. You are a staff economist for your local bank and the bank manager claims that in 2012 the Chinese economy was bigger than in the United States. To prove him wrong you decide to put your economics training to work for you and decide to show him China’s GDP in U.S. dollars, and to show him how smart you are, you also decide to calculate PPP GDP in China and compare that to the United States as well. You have the following data: In 2012, China’s nominal GDP was CY 51.932 trillion (CY = Chinese yuan); the yuan- dollar exchange rate was CY 6.31/$1; nominal GDP in the United States was

$15.685 trillion; the price level in the United States was 1.00 and the price level in China was 0.60. How big is China’s economy? 1. You are a staff economist for your local bank and the bank manager asks you to calculate whether Qatar (QAT), Luxembourg (LUX), or the United States (USA) is biggest in per capita terms when adjusted for price differences. She gives you the following data table and asks you to fill in the missing values. Population (column A) and GDP (D) are in millions. GDP in column D is in domestic currency, the euro for Luxembourg, the Qatari rial for Qatar, and the U.S. dollar for the United States. The exchange rate (B) is units of foreign currency per U.S.$1, and PUS /Pi is the relative price level for the United States and the other countries.

Table GDP, Population, and Exchange Rate Data in 2010

 Pop Exchan ge Rate PUS/Pi GDP (million s) Per Capita GDP Nationa  l Currenc y Per Capita GDP ($s) PPP Per Capita GDP ($s) (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) LUX 0.498 0.76 0.87 36,561 ? ? ? QAT 0.841 3.64 1.01 470,42 2 ? ? ? USA 310.23 1.00 1.00 14,584, 731 ? ? ?

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