San Jacinto College - RNSG 2201

Chapter 03: Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion Hockenberry: Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing, 10th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1)An infant gains head control before sitting unassisted. The nurse recognizes that this is which type of development?

1. 1. Cephalocaudal
   2. Proximodistal
   3. Mass to specific
   4. Sequential

2. Which refers to those times in an individual’s life when he or she is more susceptible to positive or negative influences?
   1. Sensitive period
   2. Sequential period
   3. Terminal points
   4. Differentiation points

3. An infant who weighs 7 pounds at birth would be expected to weigh how many pounds at age 1 year?
   1. 14
   2. 16
   3. 18

1. 4. 21

4. By what age does birth length usually double?
   1. 1 year
   2. 2 years
   3. 4 years
   4. 6 years

5. Parents of an 8-year-old child ask the nurse how many inches their child should grow each year. The nurse bases the answer on the knowledge that after age 7 years, school-age children usually grow what number of inches per year?
   1. 1
   2. 2
   3. 3
   4. 4

6. Parents express concern that their pubertal daughter is taller than the boys in her class. The nurse should respond with which statement regarding how the onset of pubertal growth spurt compares in girls and boys?
   1. It occurs earlier in boys.
   2. It occurs earlier in girls.
   3. It is about the same in both boys and girls.

1. 4. In both boys and girls, the pubertal growth spurt depends on growth in infancy.

7. A 13-year-old girl asks the nurse how much taller she will get. She has been growing about 2 inches per year but grew 4 inches this past year. Menarche recently occurred. The nurse should base her response on which statement?
   1. Growth cannot be predicted.
   2. Pubertal growth spurt lasts about 1 year.
   3. Mature height is achieved when menarche occurs.
   4. Approximately 95% of mature height is achieved when menarche occurs.

8. How is a child’s skeletal age best determined?
   1. Assessment of dentition
   2. Assessment of height over time
   3. Facial bone development
   4. Radiographs of the hand and wrist

9. Trauma to which site can result in a growth problem for children’s long bones?

1. 1. Matrix
   2. Connective tissue
   3. Calcified cartilage
   4. Epiphyseal cartilage plate

10. A nurse has completed a teaching session for adolescents regarding lymphoid tissue growth. Which statement, by the adolescents, indicates understanding of the teaching?
    1. The tissue reaches adult size by age 1 year.
    2. The tissue quits growing by 6 years of age.
    3. The tissue is poorly developed at birth.
    4. The tissue is twice the adult size by ages 10 to 12 years.

11. Which statement is true about the basal metabolic rate (BMR) in children?
    1. It is reduced by fever.
    2. It is slightly higher in boys than in girls at all ages.
    3. It increases with age of child.
    4. It decreases as proportion of surface area to body mass increases.

12. A mother reports that her 6-year-old child is highly active, irritable, and irregular in habits and that the child adapts slowly to new routines, people, or situations. How should the nurse chart this type of temperament?
    1. Easy
    2. Difficult
    3. Slow-to-warm-up
    4. Fast-to-warm-up

13. A 12-year-old child enjoys collecting stamps, playing soccer, and participating in Boy Scout activities. The nurse recognizes thNaUt tRhSeINchGiTldB.iCsOdMisplaying which developmental task?
    1. Identity
    2. Industry
    3. Integrity
    4. Intimacy

14. A nurse is conducting parenting classes for parents of children ranging in ages 2 to 7 years. The parents understand the term egocentrism when they indicate it means:
    1. selfishness.
    2. self-centeredness.
    3. preferring to play alone.
    4. unable to put self in another’s place.

15. The nurse is observing parents playing with their 10-month-old child. Which should the nurse recognize as evidence that the child is developing object permanence?
    1. Looks for the toy that parents hide under the blanket
    2. Returns the blocks to the same spot on the table
    3. Recognizes that a ball of clay is the same when flattened out
    4. Bangs two cubes held in her hands

16. A father tells the nurse that his child is “filling up the house with collections” like seashells, bottle caps, baseball cards, and pennies. What should the nurse recognize the child is developing?
    1. Object permanence
    2. Preoperational thinking
    3. Concrete operational thinking
    4. Ability to use abstract symbols

17. A visitor arrives at a daycare center during lunchtime. The preschool children think that every time they have lunch a visitor will arrive. Which preoperational characteristic is being displayed?
    1. Egocentrism
    2. Transductive reasoning
    3. Intuitive reasoning
    4. Conservation

18. Which behavior is most characteriNsUticRSoIfNtGhTeBc.oCnOcMrete operations stage of cognitive development?
    1. Progression from reflex activity to imitative behavior
    2. Inability to put oneself in another’s place
    3. Increasingly logical and coherent thought processes
    4. Ability to think in abstract terms and draw logical conclusions

19. According to Kohlberg, children develop moral reasoning as they mature. Which statement is most characteristic of a preschooler’s stage of moral development?
    1. Obeying the rules of correct behavior is important.
    2. Showing respect for authority is important behavior.

1. 3. Behavior that pleases others is considered good.
   4. Actions are determined as good or bad in terms of their consequences.

20. A school nurse notes that school-age children generally obey the rules at school. The nurse recognizes that the children are displaying which stage of moral development?
    1. Preconventional
    2. Conventional
    3. Postconventional
    4. Undifferentiated

21. A nurse observes a toddler playing with sand and water. How should the nurse document this type of play?
    1. Skill
    2. Dramatic
    3. Social-affective
    4. Sense-pleasure

22. In which type of play are children engaged in similar or identical activity, without organization, division of labor, or mutual goal?
    1. Solitary
    2. Parallel
    3. Associative
    4. Cooperative

23. The nurse observes some childrenNiUnRthSeINpGlaTyBr.oCoOmM. Which play situation exhibits the characteristics of parallel play?
    1. Kimberly and Amanda sharing clay to each make things
    2. Brian playing with his truck next to Kristina playing with her truck
    3. Adam playing a board game with Kyle, Steven, and Erich
    4. Danielle playing with a music box on her mother’s lap

24. A nurse is planning play activities for school-age children. Which type of a play activity should the nurse plan?
    1. Solitary
    2. Parallel
    3. Associative
    4. Cooperative

25. Which following function of play is a major component of play at all ages?
    1. Creativity
    2. Socialization
    3. Intellectual development
    4. Sensorimotor activity

26. Parents are asking the clinic nurse about an appropriate toy for their toddler. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
    1. “Your child would enjoy playing a board game.”
    2. “A toy your child can push or pull would help develop muscles.”
    3. “An action figure toy would be a good choice.”
    4. “A 25-piece puzzle would help your child develop recognition of shapes.”

27. Which is probably the single most important influence on growth at all stages of development?
    1. Nutrition
    2. Heredity
    3. Culture
    4. Environment

28. A nurse is counseling an adolescent, in her second month of pregnancy, about the risk of teratogens. The adolescent has understood the teaching if she makes which statement?
    1. “I will be able to continue taking isotretinoin (Accutane) for my acne.”
    2. “I can continue to clean my cat’s litter box.”
    3. “I should avoid any alcoholic beverages.”
    4. “I will ask my physician to adjust my phenytoin (Dilantin) dosage.”

29. What should the nurse consider when discussing language development with parents of toddlers?
    1. Sentences by toddlers include adverbs and adjectives.
    2. The toddler expresses himself or herself with verbs or combination words.
    3. The toddler uses simple sentences.
    4. Pronouns are used frequently by the toddler.

30. A nurse is observing children at play. Which figure depicts associative play?

a.

b.

c.

d.

31. Which syndrome involves a common sex chromosome defect?
    1. Down
    2. Turner
    3. Marfan
    4. Hemophilia

32. Turner syndrome is suspected in an adolescent girl with short stature. What is the cause of this syndrome?
    1. Absence of one of the X chromosomes
    2. Presence of an incomplete Y chromosome
    3. Precocious puberty in an otherwise healthy child
    4. Excess production of both androgens and estrogens

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

1. Play serves many purposes. In teaching parents about appropriate activities, the nurse should inform them that play serves which of the following function? (Select all that apply.)
   1. Intellectual development
   2. Physical development
   3. Socialization
   4. Creativity
   5. Temperament development

2. What factors indicate parents should seek genetic counseling for their child? (Select all that apply.)
   1. Abnormal newborn screen
   2. Family history of a hereditary disease
   3. History of hypertension in the family
   4. Severe colic as an infant
   5. Metabolic disorder

3. A nurse is preparing to administer a Denver II. Which is a correct statement about the Denver II? (Select all that apply.)
   1. All items intersected by the age line should be administered.
   2. There is no correction for a child born preterm.
   3. The tool is an intelligence test.
   4. Toddlers and preschoolers should be prepared by presenting the test as a game.
   5. Presentation of the toys from the kit should be done one at a time.

COMPLETION

1. The nurse is recording a normal interpretation of a Denver II assessment. The nurse understands that the maximum number of cautions determined for a normal interpretation is

          . (Record your answer in a whole number.)