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1)The barn owl's right ear opens slightly upward while its left ear opens slightly downward

Psychology

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1)The barn owl's right ear opens slightly upward while its left ear opens slightly downward. This difference enables the owl to detect the ________ of a sound.

1. 1. pitch
   2. location
   3. loudness
   4. amplitude

 

 

2. Infant rats deprived of their mothers' grooming touch produce
   1. less growth hormone and have a higher metabolic rate.
   2. more growth hormone and have a lower metabolic rate.
   3. less growth hormone and have a lower metabolic rate.
   4. more growth hormone and have a higher metabolic rate.

 

 

3. Premature human babies gain weight faster if they are stimulated by
   1. blinking lights.
   2. rhythmic sounds.
   3. hand massage.
   4. phantom limb sensations.

 

 

4. The sense of touch includes the four basic sensations of
   1. pleasure, pain, warmth, and cold.
   2. pain, pressure, hot, and cold.
   3. wetness, pain, hot, and cold.
   4. pressure, pain, warmth, and cold.

 

 

5. Stroking adjacent pressure spots is most likely to trigger a sense of
   1. being tickled.
   2. itchiness.
   3. tinnitus.
   4. synesthesia.

 

 

6. The sensation of hot results from the simultaneous stimulation of adjacent ________ spots on the skin.
   1. warmth and pain
   2. pain and cold
   3. cold and warmth
   4. warmth and pressure

 

 

7. A sensual leg caress evokes a different somatosensory cortex response when a heterosexual man believes it comes from an attractive woman rather than a man. This best illustrates the impact of _____ on our brain's sensory response.
   1. kinesthesia
   2. nociceptors
   3. psychokinesis
   4. cognition

 

 

8. Men's sense of hearing tends to be ________ sensitive than women's, and women are ________ pain sensitive than men.
   1. more; more
   2. less; less
   3. more; less
   4. less; more

 

 

9. Sensory receptors in our skin that detect hurtful temperatures, pressure, or chemicals are called
   1. vestibular sacs.
   2. hair cells.
   3. nociceptors.
   4. olfactory nerves.

 

 

10. In response to a harmful stimulus, ________ initiate neural impulses leading to the sensation of pain.
    1. endorphins
    2. nociceptors
    3. olfactory bulbs
    4. the semicircular canals

 

 

11. Which theory suggests that large-fiber activity in the spinal cord can prevent pain signals from reaching the brain?
    1. place theory
    2. dissociation theory
    3. gate-control theory
    4. frequency theory

 

 

12. The classic gate-control theory suggests that pain is experienced when small nerve fibers activate and open a neural gate in the
    1. basilar membrane.
    2. semicircular canals.
    3. olfactory bulb.
    4. spinal cord.

 

 

13. According to the gate-control theory, a back massage would most likely reduce your physical aches and pains by causing the
    1. release of pain-killing endorphins in your muscles.
    2. activation of large nerve fibers in your spinal cord.
    3. the release of adrenaline into your bloodstream.
    4. deactivation of the pain receptors on the surface of your skin.

 

 

14. After losing his left hand in an accident, Jack continued to experience pain in his nonexistent hand. His experience illustrates
    1. dissociation.
    2. sensory adaptation.
    3. phantom limb sensations.
    4. the McGurk effect.

 

 

15. The brain, responding to the absence of auditory stimulation, may amplify irrelevant neural activity to produce
    1. tinnitus.
    2. kinesthesia.
    3. sensory interaction.
    4. psychokinesis.

 

 

16. After painful medical procedures, people's memory snapshots tend to overlook
    1. the final moments of pain associated with the procedure.
    2. the peak moments of pain associated with the procedure.
    3. the total duration of the pain associated with the procedure.
    4. all of these periods of pain.

 

 

17. Before eating their fifth and final piece of chocolate, experimental participants were told that it was their “next” piece or that it was their “last” piece. Those told that it was their “last” piece liked it ________ and rated the whole experiment as ________ enjoyable than those told it was their “next” piece.
    1. less; less
    2. better; less
    3. less; more
    4. better; more

 

 

18. During the mid-1980s, pockets of Australian keyboard operators suffered outbreaks of severe pain while typing. Their pain could not be attributed to any discernable physical abnormalities. This best illustrates the role of ________ in the perception of pain.
    1. phantom limb sensations
    2. psychokinesis
    3. social-cultural influences
    4. dissociation

 

 

19. An integrated understanding of pain control in terms of mental distraction, the release of endorphins, and the presence of empathic caregivers is most clearly provided by
    1. parapsychology.
    2. dissociation theory.
    3. a biopsychosocial approach.
    4. the volley principle.

 

 

20. The biopsychosocial approach to pain is likely to emphasize the importance of both
    1. top-down and bottom-up processing.
    2. frequency and place theories.
    3. kinesthesia and psychokinesis.
    4. telepathy and clairvoyance.

 

 

21. The brain's release of endorphins reduces
    1. pain.
    2. tinnitus.
    3. kinesthesia.
    4. sensory interaction.

 

 

22. After receiving a placebo said to reduce the pain of her sprained ankle, Suzie is most likely to respond with a(n) ________ in her brain's release of ________,
    1. decrease; nociceptors
    2. decrease; endorphins
    3. increase; nociceptors
    4. increase; endorphins

 

 

23. Stan continued playing with minimal pain during the closing quarter of an exciting collegiate football game even though he had suffered a severe ankle sprain when he was tackled. It is likely that Stan's pain was psychologically minimized by ________ and physically minimized by the brain's release of ________.
    1. synesthesia; nociceptors
    2. distraction; endorphins
    3. synesthesia; endorphins
    4. distraction; nociceptors

 

 

24. For burn victims, a computer-generated virtual reality can help to control pain by means of
    1. synesthesia.
    2. thought distraction.
    3. phantom limb sensations.
    4. kinesthesia.

 

 

25. Hypnosis involves a state of
    1. increased physical stamina.
    2. heightened openness to suggestion.
    3. improved perceptual skills.
    4. elevated physical arousal.

 

 

26. Research on susceptibility to hypnosis indicates that
    1. very few people can actually be hypnotized.
    2. people who are most easily hypnotized usually have difficulty paying attention to their own personal thoughts and feelings.
    3. how well a person responds to hypnotic suggestion depends primarily on the skill and experience of the hypnotist.
    4. people who are highly responsive to hypnotic induction are especially imaginative.

 

 

27. In surgical experiments, hypnotized patients have required ________ medication and they have recovered ________ than patients in unhypnotized control groups.
    1. less; sooner
    2. more; later
    3. less; no sooner
    4. more; no sooner

 

 

28. One theory suggests that hypnosis simply involves getting caught up in role playing the feelings and behaviors appropriate for “good hypnotic subjects.” This theory emphasizes that hypnosis is a form of
    1. dissociation.
    2. synesthesia.
    3. social influence.
    4. phantom limb sensation.

 

 

29. Suppose that unhypnotized adults who are encouraged to behave like children act just as genuinely childlike as hypnotized adults who are encouraged to act in a childlike manner. This fact would most clearly support the view that hypnosis involves
    1. precognition.
    2. social influence.
    3. psychokinesis.
    4. dissociation.

 

 

30. A split in consciousness in which some thoughts occur simultaneously with and yet separately from other thoughts is called
    1. embodied cognition.
    2. dissociation.
    3. extrasensory perception.
    4. posthypnotic suggestion.

 

 

31. The claim that hypnotic phenomena occur outside our normal awareness is associated with the theory that hypnosis involves
    1. phantom limb sensations.
    2. dissociation.
    3. synesthesia.
    4. role playing.

 

 

32. People hypnotized for pain relief may show brain activity in areas that receive sensory information but not in areas that normally process pain-related information. This fact most clearly supports
    1. place theory.
    2. the McGurk effect.
    3. the volley principle.
    4. dissociation theory.

 

 

33. A posthypnotic suggestion is made ________ a hypnosis session and intended to be carried out in the future when the subject is ________.
    1. after; once again hypnotized
    2. during; once again hypnotized
    3. after; no longer hypnotized
    4. during; no longer hypnotized

 

 

34. One plausible theory suggests that hypnotic pain relief may result from
    1. selective attention.
    2. stereophonic hearing.
    3. extrasensory perception.
    4. phantom limb sensations.

 

 

35. Just prior to awakening Chinua from a hypnotic state, the therapist told him that during the next few days he would feel nauseous whenever he reached for a cigarette. Chinua's therapist was attempting to make use of
    1. the volley principle.
    2. posthypnotic suggestion.
    3. the McGurk Effect.
    4. phantom limb sensations.

 

 

36. Our sense of taste was once thought to involve only the four sensations of
    1. sweet, salty, starch, and bitter.
    2. salty, fatty, bitter, and sweet.
    3. sour, bitter, sweet, and starchy.
    4. bitter, sweet, sour, and salty.

 

 

37. The taste sensation umami is most likely to attract us to foods that are
    1. sweet.
    2. bitter.
    3. starchy.
    4. rich in protein.

 

 

38. The sense of ________ is a chemical sense.
    1. taste
    2. kinesthesia
    3. equilibrium
    4. pain

 

 

39. Sensory receptor cells that project antenna-like hairs are located within
    1. the eardrum.
    2. phantom limbs.
    3. taste buds.
    4. nociceptors.

 

 

40. Receptor cells for our sense of ________ reproduce themselves every week or two.
    1. body position
    2. hearing
    3. taste
    4. equilibrium