Homework answers / question archive / Chapter 11: Caring for the Woman Experiencing Complications During Pregnancy MULTIPLE CHOICE   1)A woman presents to the perinatal clinic with abdominal pain

Chapter 11: Caring for the Woman Experiencing Complications During Pregnancy MULTIPLE CHOICE   1)A woman presents to the perinatal clinic with abdominal pain

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Chapter 11: Caring for the Woman Experiencing Complications During Pregnancy

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1)A woman presents to the perinatal clinic with abdominal pain. She has missed one period and, following a transvaginal ultrasound, pregnancy is confirmed. However, implantation has occurred in the right fallopian tube. The ectopic mass is 3 cm and has not ruptured. The nurse prepares the patient for which therapy?

A.        Laparoscopic salpingostomy

B.        Methotrexate

C.        Partial salpingectomy

D.        Salpingectomy by laparotomy

 

 

2.         The prenatal clinic nurse assesses a woman at 15 weeks gestation. The patients blood pressure, measured twice at intervals 1 hour apart with a cuff that fits appropriately, is 146/96 mm Hg. The nurse understands the patient has which condition?

A.        Chronic hypertension

B.        Gestational hypertension

C.        Preeclampsia

D.        Transient hypertension

 

 

3.         The perinatal nurse is assessing a woman who is at 35 weeks gestation in her first pregnancy. She is worried about having her baby too soon, and she is experiencing uterine contractions every 10 to 15 minutes. The fetal heart rate is 136 beats/minute. A vaginal examination performed by the health-care provider reveals no cervical changes since her last examination. Ultrasound examination reveals the presence of V-shaped cervical funneling. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A.        Educate the woman on benefits of corticosteroids.

B.        Facilitate admission to the high-risk OB unit.

C.        Prepare to administer a dose of magnesium sulfate.

D.        Reassure the woman that she is not in preterm labor.

 

 

4.         The perinatal nurse is caring for a woman at 26 weeks gestation who has a history of hypertension that has been well controlled. Today she presents with a blood pressure of 156/102 mm Hg and she has 2+ protein on urine dipstick. Which initial action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A.        Arrange admission to the high-risk OB unit.

B.        Instruct the woman on strict bedrest.

C.        Obtain a clean-catch urine sample.

D.        Prepare to administer IV anti-hypertensives.

 

 

5.         A 22-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with abdominal pain and

vaginal bleeding. Her blood pressure is 90/58 mm Hg, her pulse is 120 beats/minute, and she complains of dizziness. Which action by the nurse takes priority?

A.        Assess the woman for sexually transmitted infections.

B.        Collect a urine sample for pregnancy testing.

C.        Obtain informed consent for a salpingectomy.

D.        Start two large-bore IVs for fluid replacement.

 

 

6.         A woman in her second trimester of pregnancy presents to the perinatal clinic with complaints of scant vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, and shoulder pain. What action should the nurse perform first?

A.        Assess her for a history of preterm labor.

B.        Obtain a blood sample for a b-hCG test.

C.        Prepare the woman for a pelvic exam.

D.        Request an order for methotrexate (Rheumatrex).

 

 

7.         A nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with an incomplete molar pregnancy. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A.        Advise the woman that she can try to get pregnant in 3 months.

B.        Arrange a consultation with a radiation oncology nurse.

C.        Facilitate screening for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

D.        Give the patient information on perinatal loss support groups.

 

 

8.         A nurse is assessing a 52-year-old primigravida woman who presents complaining of moderate dark-brown vaginal bleeding. On physical exam, her uterus is large for dates. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A.        Assess the womans diet for folic acid intake.

B.        Facilitate an ultrasound examination.

C.        Instruct the woman on a fetal kick count.

D.        Prepare the woman for pelvic cultures.

 

 

9.         A woman who recently had a miscarriage is in the clinic for follow-up. She sees the diagnosis spontaneous abortion on her chart and becomes visibly upset, stating, I did not have an abortion! Which response by the nurse is best?

A.        Dont be upset; that is just a medical term used commonly.

B.        I can come back and talk to you when you are not so upset.

C.        I see you are upset. Does it help to know this means miscarriage?

D.        No one is accusing you of having an abortion.

 

10.       A student in a perinatal clinic asks the clinic nurse what an incomplete abortion is. Which response by the nurse is best?

A.        Complete loss of all products of conception before 20 weeks gestation

B.        Fetal death before 20 weeks with retention of all products of conception

C.        Loss of some, but not all, products of conception before 20 weeks

D.        When the patient initiates an abortion, but then stops the procedure

 

 

11.       The nurse finds a woman who has recently suffered her third complete abortion crying and saying Why me? What did I do to deserve being punished like this? Which response by the nurse is best?

A.        Ask the woman if she uses illicit drugs or drinks alcohol during pregnancy.

B.        Explain that most miscarriages are related to genetic abnormalities.

C.        Offer to call a clergy member or social worker to visit with the woman.

D.        Reassure the woman that she is not being punished.

 

 

12.       A nurse is assessing a woman in the perinatal clinical with diagnosed cervical insufficiency. The woman is in her 18th week of a viable pregnancy. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A.        Assist with obtaining informed consent for a cerclage.

B.        Draw blood to assess the maternal Rh status.

C.        Facilitate a transvaginal and abdominal ultrasound.

D.        Refer the woman to a perinatal grief specialist.

 

13.       A woman is being dismissed after undergoing placement of a cerclage. The woman is married with a husband who travels frequently and the couple has two other children. Which action by the nurse is most helpful?

A.        Arrange for the visiting nurse to administer IV antibiotics.

B.        Educate the woman on the need for strict bedrest.

C.        Enlist the services of a social worker to help her plan care for her other children.

D.        Teach the woman about the side effects of metachlopramide (Reglan).

 

 

14.       The nurse manager in a perinatal clinic is reviewing research related to care of patients with cervical insufficiency and preterm birth. What practice change might result from this review of the literature?

A.        Administering fewer doses of Rho(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM)

B.        Decreased utilization of cerclage placement in women with preterm labor

C.        Measuring serial cervical lengths in all women pregnant with singletons

D.        Providing betamethasone (Celestone) as long-term therapy

 

15.       A woman is hospitalized with hyperemesis gravidarum. Which other member of the health-care team should the nurse ensure is involved in this patients care as a priority?

A.        Chaplain

B.        Diabetic educator

C.        Mental health nurse practitioner

D.        Registered dietician

16.       A nurse has admitted a patient with hyperemesis gravidarum and is reviewing the physicians orders. Which order should the nurse question?

A.        Betamethasone (Celestone) 100 mg IV every 8 hours

B.        Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) 75 mg rectally every 46 hours

C.        Metoclopramide (Reglan) 10 mg IV every 8 hours

D.        Promethazine (Phenergan) 25 mg IV every 4 hours

 

 

17.       A pregnant patient in the second trimester is in the emergency department after a motor vehicle crash. She has a severe laceration of her arm resulting in a large blood loss. Which assessment should the nurse perform first?

A.        Blood pressure

B.        Fetal heart tones

C.        Pulse

D.        Respiratory rate

 

18.       A nurse is teaching a woman pregnant in the second trimester who has been diagnosed with a partial placenta previa. Which information is most important to document?

A.        Patient and partner show no anxiety or helplessness and were given educational support material.

B.        Patient instructed that bleeding may occur as placenta totally covers the cervical os.

C.        Patient instructed to tell all health-care providers that vaginal exams are prohibited.

D.        Patient received information about placenta previa and understood it well.

 

19.       A nurse has admitted a woman pregnant in her third trimester with moderate vaginal bleeding and severe abdominal pain. After assessing maternal vital signs, obtaining the fetal heart rate, and starting an IV line, which action should the nurse do next?

A.        Administer betamethasone (Celestone) just prior to delivery.

B.        Discuss pros and cons of continuous fetal monitoring.

C.        Facilitate laboratory work, including blood type and screen.

D.        Obtain informed consent for emergent delivery.

 

20.       A woman with a history of previous abruptio placentae with fetal demise is being seen in the perinatal clinic. She is now pregnant again in her early second trimester. She tells the nurse she is a Jehovahs

Witness and she wants her chart to reflect her refusal to accept blood products if she hemorrhages again. Which action by the nurse is best?

A.        Ask the woman to consider an exception in order to save her babys life if needed.

B.        Document the information on the chart and inform the health-care provider.

C.        Encourage the woman and provider to discuss appropriate delivery sites.

D.        Tell the woman a court can order the transfusion to save the baby.

 

 

21.       A nurse wants to conduct a community education session for women at high risk of preterm birth. Which teaching site would best meet this objective?

A.        After services at a predominantly African American church

B.        At the local Asian and African markets during a weekday

C.        In the lobby of several OB-GYN clinics in the suburbs

D.        Near the food court at the local shopping mall

 

22.       A woman who is in her third trimester and is at risk for preterm birth calls the clinic to get the results of her fetal fibronectin test (fFN). The nurse sees the result is negative. Which advice to the patient is most appropriate?

A.        Come to the perinatal clinic for a screening ultrasound.

B.        Continue the current management plan as directed.

C.        Go to the hospital immediately for imminent delivery.

D.        Plan to continue taking betamethasone (Celestone) for 1 week.

 

23.       A woman who is 36 weeks pregnant presents to the perinatal clinic with complaints of backache, pelvic fullness, and uterine contractions. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A.        Arrange admission to the hospital.

B.        Obtain a clean-catch, midstream urine sample.

C.        Obtain blood for a type and screen.

D.        Prepare to administer a tocolytic agent.

 

24.       A woman at 32 weeks gestation is admitted to the high-risk OB unit with a diagnosis of preterm labor. On assessment the nurse finds the following: blood pressure, 182/96 mm Hg; pulse, 106 beats/minute; respirations, 16 breaths/minute; regular uterine contractions of 5 in 10 minutes; and fetal heart rate of 145 beats/minute. She is dilated to 8 cm. Which action by the nurse is best?

A.        Administer the ordered dose of betamethasone (Celestone).

B.        Call for an immediate electrocardiogram (EKG).

C.        Document the findings and prepare for emergent delivery.

D.        Prepare to administer magnesium sulfate (Sulfamag).

 

 

25.       A woman is admitted to the high-risk OB unit with the diagnosis of preterm labor. Orders include bedrest with continuous fetal monitoring, administration of magnesium sulfate (Sulfamag) and betamethasone (Celestone), and laboratory work. In reviewing the patients record, the nurse notes a history of hypertension that is well controlled with nifedipine (Procardia) and diet-controlled diabetes mellitus type 2. Which action by the nurse is best?

A.        Assist the woman to choose appropriate food items from the menu.

B.        Call the physician to question the orders and document the conversation.

C.        Order a pressure-relieving mattress overlay and perform a skin assessment.

D.        Prepare to give the magnesium sulfate and betamethasone as ordered.

 

 

26.       A woman who is 28 weeks pregnant is admitted to the high-risk OB unit with preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Four hours after admission, the nurse notes the following: temperature: 38.5C (101.5F), maternal pulse: 122 beats/minute, and white blood cell count: 23,000 mm3. Which action by the nurse takes priority?

A.        Document the findings and notify the health-care provider.

B.        Facilitate fern testing or Nitrazine testing on vaginal fluid.

C.        Prepare to administer a prn dose of acetaminophen (Tylenol).

D.        Reassure the woman that these are expected findings.

 

27.       A new nurse is caring for a woman previously diagnosed with preeclampsia who was admitted to the high-risk OB unit after suffering a seizure in the perinatal clinic. The new nurse is preparing to administer a dose of magnesium sulfate (Sulfamag). Which action by the nurse warrants intervention by the unit manager?

A.        Explains to the patient that her vital signs and EKG will be monitored frequently

B.        Piggybacks the Sulfamag into a main line using an infusion pump

C.        Places 10% calcium gluconate in a secure location in the patients room

D.        Runs the Sulfamag as the main IV line through an infusion pump

 

28.       A pregnant patient is brought to the emergency department after a roll-over motor vehicle crash. After assessing and stabilizing the patients airway, breathing, and circulation, which of the following actions should the nurse perform next?

A.        Assess the woman for further injuries.

B.        Attach continuous fetal monitoring leads.

C.        Determine the date of the patients last tetanus booster.

D.        Prepare to transfer the woman to the delivery suite.

 

29.       A nurse is caring for a woman receiving continuous electronic fetal monitoring. Which action by the nurse is most important?

A.        Educate the woman and her partner about the importance of electronic fetal monitoring.

B.        Ensure clearly readable monitoring strips are placed in the patients chart per protocol.

C.        Offer diversionary activities for the woman and partner while they are in the hospital.

D.        Restrict visitors in order to decrease the chance of being exposed to infectious illness.

 

30.       A perinatal nurse has developed a birth plan with a woman who is in her third trimester and has a physical disability. Which action by the nurse would be best for this patient?

A.        Arrange for a social work home visit after the woman gives birth and goes home.

B.        Consult with the OB clinical nurse specialist to plan for the womans birth.

C.        Notify the unit manager about the upcoming delivery of a woman with a disability.

D.        Prepare a written birth plan document and ensure the woman has a copy to take with her.

 

 

31.       A student nurse asks the perinatal nurse why teenagers might be vulnerable to intimate partner violence. Which answer by the nurse is best?

A.        Because teens are dependent on others for their everyday living needs.

B.        Being younger and smaller makes them more apt to be physically abused.

C.        Pregnant teens are often addicted to drugs and alcohol, or are prostitutes.

D.        So many teens make bad choices, and choosing abusive men is one of them.

 

32.       The nurse has admitted a patient to the high-risk OB unit with preterm premature rupture of the membranes. After obtaining maternal vital signs and the fetal heart rate, which action should the nurse do next?

A.        Assess for coping skills in the woman and her partner.

B.        Attach the woman to continuous electronic fetal monitoring.

C.        Consult social work for diversionary activities to enhance bedrest.

D.        Prepare to administer antibiotics for presumed chorioamnionitis.

 

33.       A patient in the high-risk OB unit has suffered a seizure and is now postictal. She is on oxygen at 2L/minute. Which assessment by the nurse warrants immediate intervention?

A.        Fetal heart rate is 98 beats/minute on electronic fetal monitor strip.

B.        Maternal oxygen saturation is 94% by pulse oximetry.

C.        Mother is sleeping soundly and is difficult to arouse.

D.        Mothers respiratory rate is 12 breaths/minute.

 

34.       A pregnant patient with a long-standing history of cardiovascular disease is admitted to the high-risk OB unit. The patient will have internal continuous electronic fetal monitoring until delivery. Which action by the nurse takes priority?

A.        Assess the womans vital signs every hour until delivery.

B.        Consult with the physician about prophylactic antibiotics.

C.        Educate the woman and partner about this modality.

D.        Prepare an infusion of magnesium sulfate (Sulfamag).

 

35.       A woman pregnant with triplets is a patient in the high-risk OB unit. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A.        Document serial, individual fetal monitor strips.

B.        Label the monitor lines in descending fetal order.

C.        Monitor the fetuses simultaneously with a triplet monitor.

D.        Obtain fetal monitor strips in presenting order

 

36.       A nurse is caring for a pregnant woman admitted to the high-risk OB unit. Which finding indicates to the nurse that outcomes for a priority nursing diagnosis have been met?

A.        Patient can list community resources available for her after childbirth.

B.        Patient describes skills she and partner use for dealing with stress.

C.        Patient states that with next pregnancy, she will obtain consistent prenatal care.

D.        Patients blood pressure is 128/62 mm Hg without orthostatic changes.

 

37.       A postpartum woman being dismissed complains to the nurse that she has extreme fatigue, shoulder pain, and has noticed what looks like blood in her urine. Which laboratory finding would the nurse correlate with these symptoms?

A.        Arterial blood pH: 7.35

B.        Blood glucose: 100 mg/dL

C.        Platelet count: 98,000/mm3

D.        White blood cell count: 9,000/mm3

 

38.       A nurse is preparing to dismiss a woman and her infant from the hospital. The woman is Rh(D)-negative and the infant is Rh(D)-positive. This was her first pregnancy. Which nursing action is most appropriate?

A.        Administer Rho(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) and document accurately.

B.        Assess the father to see if he has ever received an injection of RhoGAM.

C.        Educate the woman on the need for RhoGAM if she delivers an Rh(D)-negative baby.

D.        Instruct the woman to get RhoGAM with her next pregnancy, not for this one.

 

39.       A woman with a history of heart failure is in labor and has the following vital signs: blood pressure: 100/58 mm Hg, pulse: 120 beats/minute, respiratory rate: 36 breaths/minute, oxygen saturation: 88%. Which action should the nurse perform first?

A.        Administer oxygen at 10 L/min per rebreather mask.

B.        Call the health-care provider to report the results.

C.        Document the findings in the patients chart.

D.        Increase the womans IV infusion to 150 mL/hour.

 

40.       A patient on the high-risk OB unit is receiving magnesium sulfate. The nurse notes that her magnesium level is 14 mEq/L. Which of the following actions by the nurse is most appropriate?

A.        Bring the crash cart to the patients room.

B.        Document the findings in the womans chart.

C.        Order another blood level in 6 hours.

D.        Prepare to administer calcium gluconate.

 

41.       A pregnant woman who has diabetes mellitus is in the high-risk OB clinic for a checkup. The nurse notes that her hemoglobin A1C (HbAIC) is 5%. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A.        Arrange a referral to the diabetic nurse educator.

B.        Assess for factors leading to noncompliance.

C.        Document the findings in the patients chart.

D.        Schedule another HbAIC in 4 weeks.

 

42.       A pregnant patient is admitted with possible deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Orders are left to start warfarin (Coumadin) 5 mg p.o., once daily. Which of the following actions by the nurse is most appropriate?

A.        Call the physician to clarify the order and document the conversation.

B.        Instruct the patient not to get out of bed without assistance.

C.        Start the warfarin as soon as it is available from the pharmacy.

D.        Teach the patient about the risks and benefits of anticoagulation.

 

43.       A pregnant woman is HIV-positive. She is asking about ways to decrease the risk of vertical transmission to her baby. Which option given by the nurse would confer the least risk to the baby?

A.        Antiretroviral medications (zidovudine [ZDV])

B.        Cesarean delivery

C.        Cesarean delivery plus antiretroviral medications for the newborn

D.        Vaginal delivery plus antiretroviral medications for the newborn

 

44.       A nurse is caring for a pregnant woman on the high- risk OB unit who is anticipating a long stay on bedrest. Which action by the nurse would be most helpful to help diminish the physical complications associated with imposed bedrest?

A.        Arrange a social work consult for coping assessment.

B.        Assess and document the womans skin each shift.

C.        Consult physical therapy for in-bed exercises.

D.        Help the woman select high-protein foods from the menu.

 

45.       A nurse manager on the OB unit is auditing patient charts. One record documents the care of a patient having a seizure. The record describes the time and length of the seizure, medications given, maternal and fetal vital signs, and outcome of treatment. Which action by the manager is best?

A.        Compare the chart with charts of similar patients.

B.        Educate the staff on better documentation practices.

C.        Have the nurse rewrite the documentation.

D.        No action is needed; continue with chart audits.

 

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

 

1.         The perinatal nurse is educating a group of women on common causes of miscarriage, or spontaneous abortion.

 

Which of the following does the nurse describe? (Select all that apply.)

A.        Cervical anatomic defects

B.        Chromosomal abnormalities

C.        Maternal infections

D.        Recreational drug use

E.        Working during pregnancy

 

2.         A nurse is conducting an educational class for expectant couples. What information about preterm birth does the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)

A.        A diagnosis of preterm labor requires cervical changes.

B.        African Americans have the lowest rate of preterm birth of all ethnic groups.

C.        The vast majority of infants born at 29 weeks gestation survive.

D.        Today, 1 in 25 babies are born prematurely in America.

E.        Worldwide, preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality.

 

3.         Which of the following does the nurse recognize as complications of premature birth? (Select all that apply.)

A.        Osteoporosis

B.        Cerebral palsy and mental retardation

C.        Diabetes mellitus type 1

D.        Intraventricular  hemorrhage

E.        Retinopathy of prematurity

 

           

4.         A nurse is teaching a woman the actions to take in the event the woman believes she is in preterm labor. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)

A.        Come to the hospital immediately if you dont feel contractions.

B.        Drink 2 to 3 glasses of a non-caffeinated beverage after emptying your bladder.

C.        Feel for uterine contractions for the next 2 to 3 hours.

D.        Lie down on your back with pillows under your knees.

E.        Seek additional health care if you have 4 or more contractions in 1 hour.

 

5.         A nurse is caring for a woman on a continuous IV of magnesium sulfate. Which actions are appropriate for patient safety? (Select all that apply.)

A.        Administer the bolus from the main bag, then change to the maintenance rate.

B.        Double-check each new bag and dose/rate change with another nurse.

C.        Ensure that a supply of romazicon (Flumazenil) is available in the patients room.

D.        Perform handoff report at the bedside, verifying the dose and orders by both nurses.

E.        Place color-coded tags on each IV line, bag, and pump to label them clearly.

 

6.         A nurse is conducting a nonstress test on a pregnant woman. The nurse understands that which of the following conditions can lead to loss of fetal heart rate reactivity?

A.        Central nervous system irritability

B.        Certain congenital abnormalities

C.        Fetal acidbase disturbance

D.        Fetal hypoxia

E.        Fetal sleep cycle

 

7.         A perinatal nurse is working with a woman who has had four perinatal losses in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. The nurse should anticipate orders for which of the following diagnostic tests? (Select all that apply.)

A.        Cervical cultures

B.        Hysterosalpingogram

C.        Maternal/paternal karyotype

D.        Sickle cell screening

E.        Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels

 

8.         A nurse is caring for a laboring woman from an unfamiliar culture who has limited English skills. Which nursing actions are important to provide nursing care to this patient? (Select all that apply.)

A.        Allow artifacts that have religious or cultural significance to remain with the woman.

B.        Assess the womans beliefs about childbirth, breastfeeding, and postpartum nutrition.

C.        Communicate with the woman and family using a professional interpreter.

D.        Identify community resources that are culturally appropriate and acceptable.

E.        Restrict visitors to one person who can then communicate with the other family members.

 

9.         A nurse is assessing all patients in the perinatal clinic for culturally related increased risk for gestational diabetes mellitus. Which patients would the nurse assess as being in the highest risk groups? (Select all that apply.)

A.        African American

B.        Caucasian

C.        Chinese

D.        Hispanic

E.        Native American

 

10.       A nurse in the perinatal clinic explains to a student nurse that which of the following patients are at highest risk of developing gestational diabetes? (Select all that apply.)

A.        A17-year-old in her second pregnancy

B.        A 24-year-old pregnant woman with placenta previa

C.        A 32-year-old woman with a BMI of 40

D.        A woman whose first baby weighed 10.5 lb (4.7 kg)

E.        A woman whose mother and sister had gestational diabetes

 

11.       The perinatal nurse describes risk factors for placenta previa to the student nurse. Which of the following risk factors does the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

A.        Cocaine use

B.        Previous cesarean birth

C.        Previous use of medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera)

D.        Tobacco use

E.        Young maternal age

 

12.       A pregnant woman in her second trimester arrives at the labor unit triage station with complaints of lower abdominal cramping and urinary frequency. Appropriate nursing actions include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A.        Assess the fetal heart rate.

B.        Assess the patients pulse rate.

C.        Insert an indwelling Foley catheter.

D.        Obtain a urine sample for culture and sensitivity.

E.        Palpate the patients abdomen for contractions.

 

13.       The perinatal nurse knows that tocolytic agents are most often used to do which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A.        Allow for transport of the woman to a tertiary care facility

B.        Facilitate administration of antenatal corticosteroids

C.        Prevent development of fetal respiratory distress syndrome

D.        Prevent maternal infection

E.        Prolong pregnancy as long as possible

 

14.       A nurse is caring for a pregnant 16-year-old who is homeless and occasionally spends time in a homeless shelter. She has been seen in the clinic before for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). She weighs 92 lb (41.8 kg) and occasionally uses crack cocaine. Which risk factors does this patient have for a negative pregnancy outcome? (Select all that apply.)

A.        Age of 16 years

B.        Being homeless

C.        Crack cocaine use

D.        History of STIs

E.        Low weight

 

15.       Match the terms on the left with the statements on the right. Answers may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

 

a.         Placenta previa        Can be described as complete, partial, or marginal

b.         Abruptio placentae  Condition in which the umbilical cord is implanted in the membranes rather than in the placenta

c.         Vasa previa   May be associated with previous cesarean birth

             One risk factor is closely spaced pregnancies

 Premature separation of the normally implanted placenta from the lining of the uterus

             Can resolve as the uterus enlarges in the third trimester

             Maternal abdominal trauma is one risk factor

             Classic sign is vaginal bleeding and severe abdominal pain in the third trimester