Homework answers / question archive / Week 5 – Quiz - Personality Disorders Quiz Question 1)What is a change in DSM-5 that has helped it to align more closely with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)? The multi-axial system was dropped and disorders are combined into a single diagnostic system

Week 5 – Quiz - Personality Disorders Quiz Question 1)What is a change in DSM-5 that has helped it to align more closely with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)? The multi-axial system was dropped and disorders are combined into a single diagnostic system

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Week 5 – Quiz - Personality Disorders Quiz

Question 1)What is a change in DSM-5 that has helped it to align more closely with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)?

• The multi-axial system was dropped and disorders are combined into a single diagnostic system.
• Shifts from a quantitative model to a more qualitative approach.
• New names for many disorders to more closely resemble the ICD disorders.
• More diagnostic criteria for personality disorders.

Question 2What might be a drawback of administering the MMPI-2 in its entirety?

• The scale is very long and respondents may suffer from fatigue effects.
• Due to the true/false responses, there is an approximately 50% change that you will miss a significant clinical feature.
• Some of the scales have been found to contaminate/alter responses on the other scales (e.g. carryover effects).
• The scale has low face validity, so clients may become apathetic.

Question 3Pervasive—which means the trait or behavior emerges in all aspects of the individual’s life—is similar to Allport’s term _____.

• cardinal
• central
• secondary
• lexical

Question 4What does Szasz say regarding the categorization of homosexuality and premenstrual syndrome as disorders?

• Homosexuality and premenstrual syndrome are mental illnesses if DSM labels them as such.
• Homosexuality and premenstrual syndrome are diseases, not disorders.
• Homosexuality and premenstrual syndrome are disorders, not diseases.
• The labels for homosexuality and premenstrual syndrome are social constructs only.

Question 5Since he was a teenager, Evan has become increasingly distrustful of others. Last summer, when his brother misplaced one of his wrenches after borrowing it, Evan accused him of stealing it and plotting to sabotage his life. He has broken up with several girlfriends because he always accuses them of cheating on him. He has become more and more isolated and now prefers to be alone. Evan would most likely be diagnosed with ______ personality disorder.

• borderline
• schizotypal
• paranoid
• schizoid

Question 6All of the following are reasons why comorbidity may be so high with personality disorders EXCEPT

• Clinicians typically adjust data to include multiple medical codes for one diagnosed disorder.
• Problems of one kind increase the probability that one will manifest other types of problems.
• Comorbidity is typically higher in clinical samples, where most data is collected.
• The diagnostic criteria for personality disorders overlaps to a significant degree with other disorders.

Question 7What has recent research suggested that the PAI is correlated with?

• Several life-event variables.
• Scores on standardized intelligence tests, such as the WAIS-IV.
• Certain biological diseases, such as cancer.
• Outcomes of psychiatric treatment.

Question 8Why might personality disorders be underrepresented in clinical settings?

• People with personality disorders often drive away and alienate others that may have convinced or coerced them to get help.
• A defining feature of personality disorders is that the person has no idea he or she is having problems functioning.
• A defining feature of personality disorders is that they are stable and lifelong, and there are no acute problems or changes in functioning to motivate the patient to seek help.
• People with personality disorders tend to fill their lives with similar people, thereby validating their behavior and reducing the likelihood of help seeking.

Question 9What does Millon’s model allow for that the DSM-5 does not?

• Miller’s model provides recommendations and treatment strategies.
• Miller’s model is not tied to any particular theoretical orientation, so it allows many interpretations and explanations for the personality disorders.
• The clinician to rate the severity of the disorder.
• Defining both normal and clinical manifestations of different personality traits.

Question 10Statistical deviance, in and of itself, is not a good criterion to define disorder because those with “average” levels of a behavior can manifest them in ways that can be maladaptive; statistical deviance alone will miss these cases.

• it tells us how far someone deviates from the “average” but fails to tell us the standard deviation of how far from average the statistic is.
• some behaviors may be statistically deviant, but highly adaptive.
• it does not adequately capture all cases of abnormal functioning.

Question 11Which of the following is true concerning Millon’s personality disorder classifications?

• Millon believed most people possess several personality traits at once.
• The classifications were found to be inconsistent with clinical diagnosis.
• They all match those described in the DSM.
• Individuals with disorders usually possess only one primary clinical trait.

Question 12Michelle has been back and forth with her boyfriend Tom for three years. She argues frequently with him at times, calling him many hurtful names and telling him she never wants to see him again. When he tries to leave her, however, she begs for his forgiveness and for him not to leave, saying she meant none of it. If this plea doesn’t stop him from leaving, she has, in the past, threatened suicide and cut herself to prevent him from leaving. Michelle most likely suffers from ______ personality disorder.

• borderline
• dependent
• antisocial
• schizoid

Question 13How can one differentiate a personality disorder from normal personality functioning?

• A clear indication that the behavior, affect, or cognition is outside the norm.
• A clear indication that the behavior, affect, or cognition is problematic in some way.
• The length of duration of the behavior, affect, or cognition.
• The pattern stability of affect, cognition, or behavior.

Question 14How was the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) originally developed?

• All of these were used to develop the MMPI.
• By using factor analysis to extrapolate traits from normal populations that would predict later psychiatric illness.
• By collecting responses from normal controls and comparing them to responses of those with a particular psychiatric diagnosis.
• By interviewing thousands of people in person and coding their responses.

Question 15Which of the following was NOT a problem that Szasz had with applying the medical model to psychiatric illness?

• It took the diagnosis of psychiatric illness out of the hands of medical doctors, which they resented and disputed.
• It often resulted in people losing control over their lives, and, in the worst-case scenario, involuntary commitment.
• What we define as mental illness is a social construct, reflecting the prevailing views of professionals governing the field.
• Unlike diseases such as cancer, there is no way to definitively determine if a mental illness is present.

Question 16Which of the following does the MMPI-2 NOT contain?

• Supplemental scales that assess general adjustment.
• Clinical recommendations or courses of action for treatment.
• Substance use measures.
• Validity measures to assess the respondent’s test-taking approach.

Question 17Which of the following is NOT a way that the ICD-10 classification system differs from the DSM-5?

• The ICD-10 goes beyond indicating that a disorder is present by giving it a specific label.
• The ICD-10 contains the category labeled “dissocial.”
• The ICD-10 rates the severity of the disorder.
• The ICD-10 has more categories for disorders than the DSM-5.

Question 18Which of the following scenarios is an example of referential thinking, which is common in schizotypal personality disorder?

• Caroline sees the faces of people she knows in clouds in the sky.
• Caroline believes that her classmates are to blame for her emotional problems.
• Caroline is so superstitious that she does not walk on a sidewalk crack or under a ladder.
• Caroline thinks the TV news anchorman is speaking specifically and directly to her.

Question 19Antisocial personality disorder is different from other personality disorders in what two important ways?

• The disorder is highly heritable, and it tends to become more prominent with age.
• Age of onset is typically in early childhood, and individuals with the disorder typically have very high intelligence.
• Individuals with the disorder typically have more relationships, and the disorder is highly heritable.
• Diagnosis is not permitted until age 18, and it tends to remit or become less prominent on its own.

Question 20What has been the conclusion of research involving the five factor model and the DSM approach for classifying personality disorders?

• Due to large differences in the language used to describe disorders in the DSM and the five factor model, a relationship could not be determined.
• The DSM disorders fit very well into the five-factor model.
• The five-factor model does not have good construct validity.
• That the DSM-5 personality disorders rarely are defined as they are by the five factor model.
•