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Using MIS, 7e (Kroenke) Chapter 10  Development Processes 10

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Using MIS, 7e (Kroenke)

Chapter 10  Development Processes

10.1   True/False Questions

 

1) Information systems and business processes are synonymous terms.

 

 

2) There are activities in business processes that do not involve an information system.

 

 

 

3) The actors or participants in a business process are the users of information systems.

 

 

 

 

 

 

4) An application is a combination of hardware, software, and data components that accomplishes a set of requirements.

 

 

 

 

 

 

5) All business processes must include one or more information systems.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6) Business processes, information systems, and applications have the same characteristics and components.

 

 

 

 

 

7) An information system need not relate to any business process, but a business process should relate to at least one information system.

 

 

 

 

 

 

8) Not all information systems have applications or software components.

 

 

 

 

 

 

9) The systems development life cycle (SDLC) is a process that can be used to develop both information systems and applications.

 

 

 

 

 

 

10) An inventory is an example of a physical repository.

 

 

 

 

 

11) In business processes, resources are collections of procedures.

 

 

 

 

 

 

12) In a business process, roles are collections of activities.

 

 

 

 

 

13) In a business process, only a single resource is assigned to a role.

 

 

 

 

14) In business processes, a data flow shows the movement of data among activities and repositories.

 

 

 

 

 

15) The most obvious reason for changing a process is that it has efficiency or effectiveness problems.

 

 

 

 

 

16) Business process management is a cyclic process for systematically creating, assessing, and altering business processes.

 

 

 

 

 

17) The business process management cycle begins by creating a model of the existing business processes.

 

 

 

 

 

 

18) An as-is model documents the desired outcome of a business process.

 

 

 

 

 

19) Implementing the new or changed process is the third activity in business process management.

 

 

 

 

 

20) The effectiveness of a new business process is usually assessed by creating policies, procedures, and committees.

 

 

 

 

21) Business process management applies only to commercial, profit-making organizations.

 

 

 

 

 

22) Control Objectives for Information and related Technology (COBIT) practices were created by Object Management Group (OMG) for documenting business processes.

 

 

 

 

 

23) In the swim-lane layout for modeling business processes, each role is given its own swim lane.

 

 

 

 

 

 

24) The swim-lane layout for modeling business processes is used to draw attention to interactions among components of the diagram.

 

 

 

 

 

25) In Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN), dotted arrows depict the flow or sequence of the activities in a process.

 

 

 

 

 

26) In Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN), solid arrows depict the flow of messages and data.

 

 

 

 

 

27) In Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN), diamonds represent decisions and usually contain a question that is answered with yes or no.

 

 

 

 

28) Once the as-is model has been documented, that model can then be analyzed for problems or for improvement opportunities.

 

 

 

 

 

29) Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) diagrams cannot be used to document processes for training employees.

 

 

 

 

 

30) The traditional process for developing information systems is the systems development life cycle.

 

 

 

 

31) Developers in the system definition phase of the SDLC use management's statement of the system needs in order to begin to define the new system.

 

 

 

 

 

32) In the system definition phase of the SDLC, cost feasibility involves an assessment of the cost of the project.

 

 

 

 

 

33) In the system definition phase of the SDLC, schedule feasibility is difficult to determine because it is hard to estimate the time it will take to build the system.

 

 

 

34) The process of assessing a project's feasibility occurs during the component design phase of the SDLC.

 

 

 

 

 

 

35) As IS development projects are difficult to budget and schedule, technical and organizational feasibilities are only approximate analyses.

 

 

 

 

 

36) In the system definition phase of the SDLC, technical feasibility refers to whether existing information technology is likely to be able to meet the needs of a new system.

 

 

 

 

 

 

37) In the system definition phase of the SDLC, organizational feasibility concerns whether a new system fits within an organization's customs, culture, charter, or legal requirements.

 

 

 

 

 

 

38) Unlike business analysts, systems analysts work more with managers and executives.

 

 

 

 

 

 

39) Systems analysts integrate the work of programmers, testers, and users.

 

 

 

 

 

 

40) A project team that develops an IS will comprise business and systems analysts during the requirements definition phase.

 

 

 

 

 

 

41) User involvement is critical throughout the system development process.

 

 

 

 

 

 

42) A project team that opts for off-the-shelf software during the component design phase of the SDLC will need to produce design documentation for writing program code.

 

 

 

 

 

 

43) While constructing a database during the component design phase of the SDLC, if a project involves off-the-shelf programs, then little database design needs to be done.

 

 

 

 

 

 

44) In the system implementation phase of the SDLC, with pilot installation, the new system/business processes are installed in phases across an entire organization.

 

 

 

 

 

 

45) In the system implementation phase of the SDLC, with plunge installation, existing systems are used by the organization until the new one is fully operational.

 

 

 

 

 

 

46) A work breakdown structure (WBS) is a hierarchy of tasks required to complete a project.

 

 

 

 

 

 

47) A project plan is a list of work breakdown structure (WBS) tasks, arranged to account for task dependencies, with durations and resources applied.

 

 

 

 

48) A Gantt chart shows tasks, dates, and dependencies.

 

 

 

 

 

49) A critical path is the sequence of activities that determine the earliest date by which the project can be completed.

 

 

 

 

 

50) Brooks' Law states that adding more people to a late project makes it later.

 

 

 

 

 

51) Agile development methodologies welcome changes in requirements.

 

 

 

 

 

52) If a scrum project terminates because of budget or time limitations, the customer will not receive any result for the time and money expended.

 

 

 

 

 

 

53) The total number of points of work a team can accomplish in each scrum period is called velocity.

 

 

 

 

10.2   Multiple-Choice Questions

 

1) Which of the following statements is true of information systems?

A) Information systems include all business process activities.

B) Every information system has at least one application.

C) Information systems should be bought entirely off-the-shelf.

D) Every business process should include at least one information system.

 

 

 

 

 

 

2) Which of the following statements is true about the relationship between business processes and information systems?

A) A business process need not relate to any information system, but an information system relates to at least one business process.

B) Information systems incorporate all business process activities, and hence should be developed before business processes.

C) The relationship between business processes and information systems is one-to-one.

D) Developing information systems before business processes ensures that all activities are considered in the development process.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3) A ________ is a person who is well versed in an organization's strategy and focuses on ensuring that business processes and information systems meet the organization's competitive strategies.

A) business analyst

B) business application programmer

C) business administrator

D) business supervisor

 

 

 

 

 

 

4) ________ are IS professionals who understand both business and information technology.

A) Development analysts

B) Systems analysts

C) Network administrators

D) Database designers

 

 

 

 

 

5) A ________ is a network of activities, repositories, roles, resources, and flows that interact to accomplish a business function.

A) business stature

B) business analysis

C) business process

D) business policy

 

 

 

 

 

6) In a business process, ________ are defined as collections of related tasks that receive inputs and produce outputs.

A) activities

B) databases

C) resources

D) presentations

 

 

 

 

 

7) In a business process, an inventory or a database is an example of a ________.

A) decision tree

B) repository

C) botnet

D) cookie

 

 

 

 

 

8) In a business process, a role refers to ________.

A) a physical repository

B) the movement of data

C) a collection of data

D) a collection of activities

 

 

 

 

9) In a business process, resources are ________.

A) people or computer applications that are assigned to roles

B) collections of procedures and activities

C) the total number of points of work that can be accomplished in each scrum period

D) collections of related tasks that receive inputs and produce outputs

 

 

 

 

 

10) In business process management (BPM), an as-is model ________.

A) documents the existing business process

B) contrasts the former and current states of a business process

C) represents the desired state of a business process

D) represents the ideal state of a business process

 

 

 

 

 

 

11) In business process management (BPM), once the as-is model is created, the very next step that a team must take is to ________.

A) obtain feedback about implementation

B) assess the results of the changes

C) look for improvement opportunities

D) implement changes in the organization

 

 

 

 

 

12) Which of the following are the steps in the business process management (BPM) cycle?

A) model processes; implement processes; assess results; create components

B) create components; model processes; implement processes; assess results

C) implement processes; create components; model processes; assess results

D) model processes; create components; implement processes; assess results

 

 

 

 

13) Control Objectives for Information and related Technology (COBIT) is often used in the ________ stage of the business process management (BPM) cycle.

A) component creation

B) implementation

C) assessment

D) process modeling

 

 

 

 

 

14) ________ set the stage for the requirements for any information systems and applications that need to be created or adapted.

A) Business repositories

B) Business policies

C) Business reports

D) Business process models

 

 

 

 

 

15) Which of the following can be represented using the Business Process Modeling Notation?

A) Gantt charts

B) as-is models

C) scatter plots

D) PERT charts showing the critical path

 

 

 

 

 

16) ________ is a standard set of terms and graphical notations for documenting business processes.

A) Business Process Modeling Notation

B) Business Process Execution Language

C) Component Object Model

D) ISO 9000

 

 

 

 

17) Which of the following statements is true of the swim-lane layout used for modeling the business processes?

A) It complicates the process diagrams.

B) It draws attention to the interactions among components of the diagram.

C) Each role in the business process has to share the swim lane with other roles.

D) All activities for a given role are repeated in all the swim lanes.

 

 

 

 

 

18) In a Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) diagram, a ________ symbol represents an activity.

A) dotted arrow

B) rectangle

C) diamond

D) solid arrow

 

 

 

 

 

19) In a Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) diagram, ________ represent decisions and usually contain a question that is answered with yes or no.

A) diamonds

B) circles

C) rectangles

D) squares

 

 

 

 

 

20) In a Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) diagram, dotted arrows depict the flow of ________ in the process.

A) resources

B) messages and data

C) tasks and activities

D) control

 

 

 

 

21) In a Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) diagram, ________ depict the flow or sequence of activities in a process.

A) dotted arrows

B) diamonds

C) solid arrows

D) circles

 

 

 

 

 

22) In Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) diagrams, a square with a plus sign means that ________.

A) a question can be answered with no

B) it is the end of the process

C) a question can be answered with yes

D) an activity is considered to be a subprocess of a process

 

 

 

 

 

23) The traditional process for developing information systems is ________.

A) the spiral approach

B) the systems development life cycle

C) rapid application development cycle

D) the V-model

 

 

 

 

 

 

24) The first phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC) is ________.

A) defining the system

B) implementing the system

C) determining the requirements

D) maintaining the system

 

 

 

 

 

25) The final phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC) is ________.

A) implementing the system

B) determining the requirements

C) maintaining the system

D) designing system components

 

 

 

 

 

 

26) The project plan which results from defining the system is the input to ________, which is the second phase of the SDLC.

A) system design

B) system implementation

C) requirements analysis

D) system maintenance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

27) The first step in the system definition phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC) is to ________.

A) plan the project

B) conduct a feasibility study

C) determine the goals and scope

D) form the project team

 

 

 

 

 

 

28) Once the project's goals and scope have been defined, the next immediate step in the system definition phase of the SDLC is to ________.

A) plan the project

B) assess feasibility

C) determine system requirements

D) form a project team

 

 

 

 

 

29) Which of the following are the four dimensions of feasibility?

A) planning, process, technical, and schedule feasibility

B) operational, strategic, technical, and tactical feasibility

C) cost, schedule, technical, and organizational feasibility

D) schedule, process, technical, and competitive feasibility

 

 

 

 

 

 

30) Organizational feasibility assesses ________.

A) the organization's budget and schedule requirements

B) the competitor's business process model

C) whether the organization has the technical infrastructure to implement the new system

D) whether the new system fits within the organization's customs or legal requirements

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

31) If a defined project is determined to be feasible in the SDLC, the next immediate step is to ________.

A) create and test components

B) form the project team

C) maintain the system

D) assess process results

 

 

 

 

 

 

32) During the requirements definition stage of developing an information system, the project team will consist mostly of ________.

A) programmers and testers

B) testers and business users

C) business and systems analysts

D) database designers and administrators

 

 

 

 

 

33) In the system definition phase of the SDLC, the first major task for an assembled project team is to ________.

A) design system components

B) assess the project's feasibility

C) plan the project

D) define system goals and scope

 

 

 

 

 

 

34) Which of the following phases of the SDLC include identifying what is to be produced, how frequently, and how fast it is to be produced?

A) requirements analysis

B) system implementation

C) component design

D) system definition

 

 

 

 

 

 

35) The ________ phase of the SDLC involves determining hardware and program specifications, designing the database and procedures, and creating job definitions.

A) requirements analysis

B) system implementation

C) component design

D) system definition

 

 

 

 

 

 

36) Tasks in the ________ phase of the SDLC include building and testing system components and converting users to the new system.

A) system definition

B) component design

C) system maintenance

D) system implementation

 

 

 

 

 

37) A(n) ________ is a formal description of a system's response to use and misuse scenarios.

A) activity log

B) work-breakdown structure

C) test plan

D) system conversion

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

38) During the system implementation phase of the SDLC, once a system has passed testing, the organization installs the new system. Which of the following terms is used to refer to this activity?

A) beta testing

B) system conversion

C) agile development

D) system control

 

 

 

 

 

 

39) In the system implementation phase of the SDLC, with ________ installation, the organization implements the entire new system/business processes on a limited portion of the business.

A) parallel

B) phased

C) pilot

D) plunge

 

 

 

 

 

 

40) In the system implementation phase of the SDLC, with ________ installation, the new system runs alongside the old one until it has been tested and is fully operational.

A) pilot

B) phased

C) parallel

D) plunge

 

 

 

 

 

 

41) In the context of system implementation phase of the SDLC, a ________ installation is the riskiest because the old system is shut down and the new system is introduced.

A) pilot

B) phased

C) parallel

D) plunge

 

 

 

 

 

 

42) In the system implementation phase of the SDLC, with the ________ installation, the organization installs the next piece of the system only after the previous piece works.

A) phased

B) pilot

C) parallel

D) plunge

 

 

 

 

 

 

43) Fixing a system so that it works correctly, or adapting it to changes in requirements, occurs during the ________ phase of the SDLC.

A) implementation

B) maintenance

C) requirements analysis

D) component design

 

 

 

 

 

 

44) In systems development, documents, designs, prototypes, data models, database designs, and working data entry screens are examples of ________.

A) reports

B) resources

C) components

D) deliverables

 

 

 

 

45) Project teams create a ________, which is a hierarchy of the tasks required to complete a project.

A) critical path

B) work breakdown structure

C) scatter plot

D) control chart

 

 

 

 

 

46) A ________ shows the tasks, dates, and dependencies for the tasks of a project.

A) scatter plot

B) Gantt chart

C) Pareto chart

D) control chart

 

 

 

 

 

47) A ________ is a sequence of activities that determine the earliest date by which a project can be completed.

A) Venn diagram

B) Pareto chart

C) critical path

D) scatter plot

 

 

 

 

 

48) A ________ involves balancing three critical factors: requirements, cost, and time.

A) WBS

B) trade-off

C) test plan

D) critical path

 

 

 

 

 

49) According to Brooks' Law, adding more people to a late project will ________.

A) guarantee efficiencies

B) speed up the project

C) create diseconomies of scale

D) reduce the need for coordination

 

 

 

 

 

50) The situation where addition of resources creates inefficiencies is known as ________.

A) diseconomies of scale

B) marginal utility

C) marginal returns

D) break-even

 

 

 

 

 

51) The final work breakdown structure (WBS) plan shows planned tasks, dependencies, durations, and resource assignments. It is denoted as ________ WBS.

A) test

B) baseline

C) standard

D) benchmark

 

 

 

 

 

52) The term ________ refers to a set of management policies, practices, and tools that developers use to maintain control over the SDLC project's resources.

A) swim-lane layout

B) trade-off

C) transmission control protocol

D) configuration control

 

 

 

 

 

53) The SDLC process follows a linear sequence from requirements to design to implementation. Therefore, the SDLC process is also known as the ________.

A) waterfall method

B) swim-lane method

C) scrum process

D) agile development method

 

 

 

 

 

54) Rapid application development, the unified process, extreme programming, and scrum have led to ________.

A) the waterfall method

B) the swim-lane method

C) agile development

D) SDLC

 

 

 

 

 

55) Which of the following is true of paired programming?

A) two team members write the same program by coordinating from different locations

B) two programs are run simultaneously on one device

C) two processors are required to run one program

D) two team members share the same computer to write a computer program together

 

 

 

 

 

56) According to the scrum process, once the tasks are known for a given set of requirements, the next step is to assign each task a difficulty score, called ________.

A) scrums

B) points

C) grades

D) tallies

 

 

 

 

57) The total number of points of work a team can accomplish in each scrum period is called ________.

A) score

B) speed

C) velocity

D) degree

 

 

 

 

 

10.3   Essay Questions

 

1. Describe the composition of a development team for an information system.

 

 

 

 

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2. Define business process, roles, resources, and data flows.

 

 

 

 

 

3. Explain why process management is necessary for an organization.

 

 

 

 

 

4. Name the four stages of the business process management cycle and summarize the activities in each.

 

 

 

 

5. What are the types of arrows used in the swim-lane layout of Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN)?

 

 

 

 

 

6. What are the phases of the systems development life cycle (SDLC)?

 

 

 

 

 

7. Define technical feasibility and organizational feasibility.

 

 

 

 

 

 

8. Discuss some of the key aspects to developing successful process and systems development projects.

 

 

 

 

9. What are the tools used when planning IS projects?

 

 

 

 

 

 

10. List and explain four critical factors for development project management.

 

 

 

 

11. What are the principles of agile development?

 

 

 

 

12. How are tasks scheduled in scrum methodology?