Homework answers / question archive / Chapter 12: Systems Planning and Development   TRUE/FALSE        1)   When planning, it is important to align IS strategies with the overall strategies of the organization

Chapter 12: Systems Planning and Development   TRUE/FALSE        1)   When planning, it is important to align IS strategies with the overall strategies of the organization

Management

Share With

---

 

TRUE/FALSE

 

     1)   When planning, it is important to align IS strategies with the overall strategies of the organization.

 

 

     2.   The IS mission includes the ideal combination of hardware, software, and networking to support the overarching vision.

 

 

     3.   SDLC stands for systems development life cycle.

 

 

     4.   The systems analysis phase is a three-step process.

 

 

     5.   Usually, members of the original ad hoc team are included in an augmented analysis team to conduct feasibility studies.

 

 

     6.   If the ROI is negative, the system is economically feasible, or cost justified.

 

 

     7.   Organizational culture includes issues such as tendency to share or not to share information among units and people, willingness to team-play, and the proclivity of employees to experiment with new ideas and technologies.

 

 

     8.   A data store is any event or sequence of events in which data are either changed or acted on, such as the processing of data into information or the application of data to decision making.

 

 

     9.   While DFDs are easy to learn and use, they have shortcomings—like any diagramming method—and cannot describe a system completely.

 

 

   10.   Physical diagrams represent highly active states that are triggered by completion of the actions of other states; therefore, they focus on internal processing.

 

 

   11.   Cut-over conversion reduces risks because it confines any problems to fewer units.

 

 

   12.   Agile methods treat software development as a series of contacts with users.

 

 

   13.   XP is by far the most documented and best known of agile methods.

 

 

   14.   Excellent Programming (EXP) includes the following principle: produce the initial software within weeks (rather than months) to receive rapid feedback from users.

 

 

   15.   The systematic approach of the SDLC is recommended if the system is complex and consists of many modules.

 

 

   16.   Systems modeling looks at the information needs of an entire organization, or at least of a major division of it.

 

 

   17.   Legal systems are older systems that organizations decide to continue to use because the investment in a new system would not justify the improved features or because the old systems have some advantage that cannot be obtained from newer systems.

 

   18.   By some estimates more than ninety percent of all BI projects are never completed or fail to deliver all the expected features and benefits.

 

 

   19.   It is difficult, if not impossible, to devise a way to measure software development competence.

 

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

     1.   In recent years, a growing number of corporations have implemented enterprise ISs such as ERP systems, ____ and CRM systems, or other systems that serve the entire organization or many of its units.

a.	SCM	c.	CAM
b.	CAD	d.	CMS

 

 

 

     2.   A(n) ____ is a paragraph that communicates the most important overarching goal of the organization for the next few years.

a.	short-term objective	c.	mission statement
b.	objective	d.	mid-term objective

 

 

 

     3.   An important part of an organization’s overall mission statement is a(n) ____ that is compatible with the larger mission.

a.	IS statement	c.	partial mission statement
b.	collateral mission statement	d.	IT mission statement

 

 

 

     4.   Systems development generally is conducted in two approaches: the ____ and nontraditional methods.

a.	systems full cycle (SFC)	c.	systems circuit (SC)
b.	IT development cycle (ITDC)	d.	systems development life cycle (SDLC)

 

 

 

     5.   Large ISs that address structured problems are usually conceived, planned, developed, and maintained within a framework called the ____.

a.	systems framework life cycle (SFLC)	c.	systems development life cycle (SDLC)
b.	systems cycle (SC)	d.	systems full cycle (SFC)

 

 

 

     6.   After the planning phase, the SDLC includes four major phases: analysis, design, implementation, and ____.

a.	production	c.	execution
b.	support	d.	documentation

 

 

 

     7.   The first step in systems analysis is ____, which determines whether there is a real need for a system and whether the system as conceived is feasible.

a.	investigation	c.	search
b.	research	d.	quest

 

 

 

     8.   The objective of a larger ____ is to determine whether the proposed system is feasible technically, economically, and operationally.

a.	investigation team	c.	search team
b.	research team	d.	quest team

 

 

 

     9.   To find the ____, the net present value of the system is calculated by combining the net present value of the costs of the system with the net present value of the benefits of the system.

a.	CROI	c.	CF
b.	ROI	d.	BI

 

 

 

   10.   Software vendors often promote fast ____ as a selling point, and express it in terms of the short period of time over which the adopting organization can recoup the investment.

a.	ROIC	c.	ROI
b.	CF	d.	BI

 

 

 

   11.   ____ are the functions that the system is expected to fulfill and the features through which it will perform its tasks.

a.	IT requirements	c.	Job functions
b.	System functions	d.	System requirements

 

 

 

   12.   A carefully drawn ____ can provide a useful representation of a system, whether existing or planned.

a.	FD	c.	DD
b.	IFD	d.	DFD

 

 

 

   13.   Several diagramming sets were developed by the 1970s, but in the late-1990s, a de facto standard emerged: ____.

a.	URL	c.	UML
b.	AML	d.	DFD

 

 

 

   14.   ____ is independent of particular programming languages, but it does provide standard visual symbols and notations for specifying object-oriented elements, such as classes and procedures.

a.	URL	c.	AML
b.	UML	d.	DFD

 

 

 

   15.   A(n) ____ is an activity that the system executes in response to a user.

a.	use case	c.	interaction
b.	class	d.	state

 

 

 

   16.   State charts communicate the states through which objects pass, as well as the objects’ responses to signals (called ____) they receive.

a.	stimuli	c.	abstractions
b.	reflections	d.	projections

 

 

 

   17.   The implementation of a new IS, also called ____, consists of two steps: conversion and training.

a.	COD	c.	turn-in
b.	delivery	d.	migration

 

 

 

   18.   In ____, the old system is used along with the new system for a predetermined period of time.

a.	phased conversion	c.	parallel conversion
b.	cut-over conversion	d.	flash cut conversion

 

 

 

   19.   ISs, especially large ones, can often be broken into functional modules and phased into operation one at a time, a process called ____.

a.	flash cut conversion	c.	parallel conversion
b.	cut-over conversion	d.	phased conversion

 

 

 

   20.   When a system is developed by a software vendor for a wide market rather than for a specific client, conversion often takes place at ____.

a.	alpha sites	c.	review sites
b.	friendly sites	d.	beta sites

 

 

 

   21.   Although ____ is viewed by IS professionals as lacking in glamour, it should not be taken lightly or left to less-experienced professionals.

a.	systems analysis	c.	maintenance
b.	database design	d.	executive training

 

 

 

   22.   ____ make extensive use of iterative programming, involving users often, and keeping programmers open to modifications while the development is still under way.

a.	Open methods	c.	Agile routines
b.	Agile methods	d.	Open routines

 

 

 

   23.   While the SDLC or any other waterfall approach requires users to sign off on their requirements and then wait for the system to be completed, ____ encourage users’ involvement throughout the process.

a.	agile methods	c.	agile routines
b.	extreme methods	d.	object-oriented methods

 

 

 

   24.   Agile methods are an efficient approach to development when a system is ____, when it deals with unstructured problems, and when the users cannot specify all the requirements at the start of the project.

a.	small	c.	innovative
b.	large	d.	object-oriented

 

 

 

   25.   If a small-system development takes longer than planned, the overall cost is still likely to be smaller than if a full ____ were performed.

a.	SLC	c.	SGML
b.	SDLC	d.	SGL

 

 

 

   26.   Much of what IT professionals do is ____, rather than analysis and development of a stand-alone IS.

a.	systems compilation	c.	systems integration
b.	languages integration	d.	program compilation

 

 

 

   27.   The concept of extracting business intelligence from large data warehouses often involves ____ of several ISs.

a.	compilation	c.	autocategorization
b.	codification	d.	integration

 

 

 

   28.   ____ has become increasingly complex because it now involves the ISs not only of a single organization but of several organizations.

a.	Systems compilation	c.	Functions codification
b.	Routines integration	d.	Systems integration

 

 

 

   29.   ____ is meant to guarantee that the experts have passed tests that ensure their skills.

a.	Registration	c.	Certification
b.	Matriculation	d.	Authorization

 

 

 

COMPLETION

 

     1.   Although the ultimate mission of any organization is to survive and—if it is a for-profit organization—to produce profit for its owners, ____________________ are rarely limited to these points.

 

 

     2.   Agile methods developed out of ____________________, an application development approach that emerged in the 1980s aimed at cutting costs and time.

 

 

     3.   ____________________ involves fast development of an application based on initial user requirements and several cycles of user input and developer improvements.

 

 

     4.   SDLC is also called “____________________” development, because it consists of several distinct phases that are followed methodically,and the developers complete the phases sequentially.

 

     5.   While the ____________________ is a powerful methodology for systems development, organizations are sometimes forced to take shortcuts, skipping a step here or there.

 

 

     6.   If a preliminary report concludes that the business situation warrants investment in a new IS, a more comprehensive ____________________ might be authorized.

 

 

     7.   A(n) ____________________ can be a spreadsheet showing all the costs incurred by the system and all the benefits that are expected from its operation.

 

     8.   The most accurate method of economic analysis is the fully quantitative ____________________.

 

 

     9.   ____________________ is a calculation of the difference between the stream of benefits and the stream of costs over the life of the system, discounted by the applicable interest rate.

 

 

   10.   ____________________ is an umbrella term referring to the general tone of the corporate environment.

 

 

   11.   ____________________ comprises three steps: a description of the components and how they will work, construction, and testing.

 

 

   12.   A(n) ____________________ is used to describe the flow of data in a business operation.

 

 

   13.   A(n) ____________________ uses only four symbols: external entities, processes, data stores, and the direction in which data flows.

 

 

   14.   ____________________ is a graphical standard for visualizing, specifying, and documenting software.

 

 

   15.   ____________________ consists of diagrams that describe the following types of software: use case, class, interaction, state, activity, and physical components.

 

   16.   ____________________ takes place when an operation switches from using an old system to using a new system.

 

 

   17.   In a(n) ____________________, the old system is discarded and the new one takes over the entire business operation for which it was developed.

 

   18.   A cut-over conversion is also called ____________________ conversion.

 

 

   19.   A(n) ____________________ is an organization whose management agrees to test the new system for several months and provide feedback.

 

   20.   ____________________ includes two main responsibilities: maintenance and user help.

 

ESSAY

 

     1.   List the steps included in IT planning.

 

 

     2.   What are the benefits of standardization in planning?

 

 

     3.   List the five-steps that the systems analysis phase comprises, and the questions the process is designed to answer.

 

 

     4.   What does a technical feasibility study entail?

 

 

     5.   How is parallel conversion implemented?