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1) Current meanings of leisure

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1) Current meanings of leisure...

A. include defining leisure as free time, a special kind of attitude, and recreational activity

B. are shown in the past during the Romantic and Impressionists periods

C. have a lot in common with ancient meanings of leisure

D. both a and b.

2. According to the flow theory, leisure is...

A. a special ritual apart from the everyday norm.

B. an optimal experience.

C. when we are in our telic psychological state.

D. none of the above.

3. According to situations or experiences that break from our everyday “ritual"...

A. religious beliefs influence leisure interests and behaviors.

B. camaraderie (communitas) can come about from a special existence that is achieved from anti-structure.

C. demographic factors can explain differences and subtle similarities in leisure,

D. both a and b

4. The term “Schole” means...

A. in ancient Greek culture meant to use free time wisely.

B. refers to the commercialism of athletes during the original Olympic Games.

C. means the development of a human being through the acquisition of knowledge in the mind and body.

D. both b and c.

5. The leisure quality of intrinsic reward is...

A. the benefit of doing something for an external pay-off.

B. the benefit of doing something for its own sake.

C. also defined as eudomonia.

D. none of the above.

6. For the ancient Greeks, the essential qualities of the ideal culture were...

A. pleasure, eudomonia, mass spectacle.

B. free will, pleasure, satisfaction.

C. education, free will, virtue, and civil society.

D. all of the above.

7. Using leisure as a tool for managing a large middle class...

A. was a system of patronage referred to as “bread and circuses” for the Romans.

B. was a predominant meaning of leisure during the Renaissance.

C. was a predominant meaning of leisure during the ancient Greek era.

D. both a and b.

8. The pillars of sustainability are...

A. reduce, reuse, recycle, and rethink.

B. based on “tree hugging.”

C. economic demands, social equity, and environmental impacts.

D. both b and c.

9. Animal play...

A. teaches young animals social hierarchy.

B. prepares young animals for adulthood roles.

C. has been shown to have similar functions as play for human children.

D. all of the above.

10. Contemporary and Classical meanings of leisure are...

A. exactly the same.

B. all based on the influences of situational explanations.

C. very similar.

D. not the same, yet there is a link..

11. A high degree of the leisure quality of commitment to a leisure pursuit...

A. does not require a high level of performance in a leisure pursuit according to Csikszentmihalyi.

B. applies to the surplus energy Huzinga’s theory of play.

C. reflects a key aspect of Stebbins’ concept of serious leisure.

D. none of the above.

12. We can understand the “what, where, and how” of leisure as expressed through...

A. careful and critical thinking.

B. culture which contains the common values and standards of leisure behavior.

C. the contexts of time, place, and people.

D. all of the above.

13. Situational factors that help explain leisure behaviors and interests...

A. are illustrated in the “self-as-entertainment” theory.

B. include such demographics as age, gender, and educational level, along with lifestyle.

C. are relatively weak in their ability to explain leisure behaviors and interests.

D. both a and c.

14. Perceived freedom is an important quality of leisure, yet according to Bregha’s investigations, leisure...

A. requires permission, the means, and the ability.

B. is freedom “to” choose a particular personally meaningful expression.

C. is freedom “from” the disadvantages of work and everyday drudgery.

D. both a and b.

15. Demographic factors are...

A. linked to the theoretical explanations for leisure.

B. reflected in the lifestyle of people.

C. explicitly expressed in the such situations as access to food and life expectancy in Chicago.

D. b and c.