Homework answers / question archive / Chapter 02 Principles of Accounting and Financial  Reporting for State and Local Governments    True / False Questions   Governmental activities are to be classified as governmental or business-type

Chapter 02 Principles of Accounting and Financial  Reporting for State and Local Governments    True / False Questions   Governmental activities are to be classified as governmental or business-type

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Chapter 02

Principles of Accounting and Financial  Reporting for State and Local Governments

  

True / False Questions

 

1. Governmental activities are to be classified as governmental or business-type.  

 

True    False

 

2. Governmental funds are identical to governmental activities, proprietary funds are identical to business-type activities, and fiduciary funds are identical to fiduciary activities of a government.  

 

True    False

 

3. Only those governmental and proprietary funds that meet the GASB size criteria for major funds are reported in separate columns of the governmental and proprietary fund financial statements.

 

True    False

 

4. Economic resources are cash or items expected to be converted into cash during the current period, or soon enough thereafter to pay current period liabilities.  

 

True    False

 

5. Governmental funds account for assets but not the liabilities.  

 

True    False

 

6. The types of funds that may be used in governmental accounting are classified into the three categories of governmental, proprietary, and fiduciary.  

 

True    False

 

7. The governmental funds category includes the General Fund, special revenue funds, debt service funds, capital projects funds, and internal service funds.  

 

True    False

 

8. Governments can, in part, demonstrate operational accountability by reporting proprietary and fiduciary fund financial information, as well as all government-wide financial information, using an economic resources measurement focus and the accrual basis of accounting.  

 

 

True    False

 

9. All capital assets acquired by or used by a fund should be reported in the fund balance sheet or statement of net position.  

 

True    False

 

10. Because budgetary accounts are used by governments, government financial statements can never be said to be in accord with generally accepted accounting principles.  

 

True    False

 

11. The maximum sets of fund financial statements a government would present are three. 

 

True    False

 

12. When revenues are legally restricted by external resource providers or committed by enabling legislation for particular operating purposes, a private purpose trust fund is created.  

 

True    False

 

13. A debt service fund is used to account for financial resources segregated for the purpose of making principal and interest payments on general long-term debt.  

 

True    False

 

14. A deferred inflow of resources is defined as “an acquisition of net assets by the government that is applicable to a future reporting period.”  

 

True    False

 

15. Expenditures are never recorded in governmental funds.  

 

True    False

 

16. Deferred outflow of resources is a type of asset that is unique to government.

 

True    False

 

17. Revenues is an example of what the GASB terms an inflow of resources.

 

True    False

 

18. An expenditure is an example of what the GASB terms an outflow of resources.

 

True    False

 

19. Deferred inflow of resources and deferred outflow of resources would be shown in separate sections of a government’s statement of net position.

 

True    False

 

20. In accordance with GASB standards, a deferred inflow of resources is reported on the financial statements the same as an unearned revenue.

 

True    False

 

21. The GASB concept statements indicate that an asset that is going to be converted to cash should be reported at a remeasured amount at the financial statement date.

 

True    False

 

22. Proprietary funds primarily provide services to the general public for a fee.

 

True    False

 

23. A permanent endowment is an example of a nonspendable fund balance.

 

True    False

 

24. Assigned fund balances can be either positive or negative.

 

True    False

 

25. The General Fund is the only fund that can have a positive unassigned fund balance.

 

True    False

 

26. The positive fund balance in a special revenue fund must at a minimum be reported as assigned.

 

True    False

 

27. Nonmajor funds are not reported on the fund financial statements.

 

True    False

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

 

1.         Which of the following is true regarding financial reporting for internal service funds? 

 

A.        Internal service funds are reported in the governmental fund financial statements.

B.         Internal service funds are aggregated and reported as a major fund in the proprietary fund financial statements.

C.         Internal service funds are generally reported in the Business-type Activities column of the government-wide financial statements.

D.        Internal service funds are generally reported in the Governmental Activities column of the government-wide financial statements.

 

2.         Which of the following is not a characteristic of a fund as defined by GASB standards? 

 

A.        An accounting entity.

B.         A fiscal entity.

C.         A reporting entity.

D.        A self-balancing set of accounts.

 

3.         In accounting for state and local governments the modified accrual basis is required for 

 

A.        Proprietary and fiduciary funds.

B.         Governmental funds.

C.         Governmental and fiduciary funds.

D.        Governmental and internal service funds.

 

 

4.         Under the modified accrual basis of accounting, revenues should be recognized when 

 

A.        Earned.

B.         Collected in cash.

C.         Authorized by the budget ordinance.

D.        Measurable and available.

 

5.         The accrual basis of accounting applicable to proprietary fund types requires that exchange revenues be recognized when

 

A.        Earned.

B.         Collected in cash.

C.         Authorized by the budget ordinance.

D.        Measurable and available.

 

6.         Which of the following funds is a governmental fund-type?

 

A.        Private-purpose trust fund.

B.         Internal service fund.

C.         Permanent fund.

D.        Enterprise fund.

 

7.         Financial resources set aside to pay principal and interest on general long-term debt may be accounted for in which of the following fund types?

 

A.        Private-purpose trust fund.

B.         Debt service fund.

C.         Principal and interest trust fund.

D.        Internal service fund.

 

8.         According to GASB standards transfers should be recognized 

 

A.        When earned.

B.         When collected in cash.

C.         When authorized by the budget ordinance.

D.        In the period the interfund receivable and payable arise.

 

9.         Generally accepted accounting principles applicable to state and local governments require that 

 

A.        Only governmental funds and proprietary funds should be established.

B.         Only those funds required by law, GASB standards, and sound financial administration should be established.

C.         Only those funds required by law and sound financial administration should be established.

D.        All categories of funds must be established.

 

10.       Which of the following is a proprietary fund? 

 

A.        Special revenue fund.

B.         Investment trust fund.

C.         Debt service fund.

D.        Internal service fund.

 

11.       Which of the following is a fiduciary fund?

 

A.        Investment trust fund.

B.         Special revenue fund.

C.         Debt service fund.

D.        Enterprise fund.

 

 

12.       Which of the following funds would be most appropriate when accounting for an activity that provides goods or services to the public for a fee that is intended to make the activity self-supporting?

 

A.        Investment trust fund.

B.         Enterprise fund.

C.         Internal service fund.

D.        Special revenue fund.

 

13.       Which of the following funds should be used if resources provided by a federal grant must be segregated and used for counseling of youthful offenders?

 

A.        Private-purpose trust fund.

B.         Enterprise fund.

C.         Internal service fund.

D.        Special revenue fund.

 

14.       Which of the following funds would be used to account for an activity that provides centralized purchasing and sales of goods or services to other departments or agencies of the government on a cost-reimbursement basis?

 

A.        Enterprise fund.

B.         Fiduciary fund.

C.         Internal service fund.

D.        Permanent fund.

 

 

15.       Which of the following funds would record depreciation of capital assets?  

 

A.        Special revenue fund.

B.         Permanent fund.

C.         Internal service fund.

D.        Agency fund.

 

 

16.       Capital assets used by departments accounted for by the General Fund of a governmental unit should be accounted for in

 

A.        The General Fund.

B.         The governmental activities journal.

C.         The business-type activities journal.

D.        The general capital assets fund.

 

 

 

17.       Capital assets used by an enterprise fund should be accounted for in the

 

A.        Enterprise fund and depreciation on the capital assets should be recorded.

B.         Business-type activities journal but no depreciation on the capital assets should be recorded.

C.         Governmental activities journal and depreciation on the capital assets should be recorded.

D.        Enterprise fund but no depreciation on the capital assets should be recorded.

 

 

 

18.       Which of the following funds are proprietary funds?

 

A.        Enterprise funds, investment trust funds, pension trust funds, and the General Fund.

B.         Enterprise funds and internal service funds.

C.         Internal service funds, special revenue funds, and enterprise funds.

D.        Proprietary funds are not used in governmental accounting.

 

 

 

19.       Which of the following funds are governmental funds?

 

A.        General Fund, special revenue funds, capital projects funds, debt service funds, and private-purpose trust funds.

B.         General Fund, special revenue funds, private-purpose trust funds.

C.         General Fund, special revenue funds, debt service funds, capital projects funds, and permanent funds.

D.        General Fund, special revenue funds, capital projects funds, debt service funds, and internal service funds.

 

 

 

20.       The activities of a water utility department, which offers its services to the general public on a user charge basis, should be accounted for in 

 

A.        An enterprise fund.

B.         A special revenue fund.

C.         The General Fund.

D.        An internal service fund.

 

 

 

21.       The measurement focus and basis of accounting that are most unlike those used by business entities are those used by 

A.        Governmental funds.

B.         Fiduciary funds.

C.         Proprietary funds.

D.        Contribution funds.

 

 

 

22.       Which of the following governmental funds must be reported as a major fund? 

 

A.        The General Fund.

B.         Any fund with total assets, liabilities, revenues, or expenditures that are 10% or more of the General Fund and 5% or more of total General Fund and Business-type Activities.

C.         The government may opt to include or exclude any fund it choses as a major fund.

D.        Only the General Fund and special revenue funds that meet the 10% and 5% size criteria.

 

 

23.       The basis of accounting that should be used in preparing fund financial statements is:

 

   

 

A.        Choice A

B.         Choice B

C.         Choice C

D.        Choice D

 

 

24.       A major governmental fund is one that has one or more elements (e.g., assets, liabilities, revenues, or expenditures) that is at least:

A.        Five percent of the corresponding element(s) of total governmental funds and 10 percent of the corresponding element(s) of total governmental and enterprise funds combined.

B.         Ten percent of the corresponding element(s) of total governmental funds and 10 percent of the corresponding element(s) of total governmental and enterprise funds combined.

C.         Five percent of the corresponding element(s) of total governmental funds and five percent of the corresponding element(s) of total governmental and enterprise funds combined.

D.        Ten percent of the corresponding element(s) of total governmental funds and 5 percent of the corresponding element(s) of total governmental and enterprise funds combined.

 

 

25.       A city received resources that the state indicates can only be used for public works projects, such as road construction. Assuming the resources have not been expended by year end, how would the resources the city received be shown in the city’s fund balances?

 

A.        Spendable—Designated Fund Balance.

B.         Spendable—Committed Fund Balance.

C.         Spendable—Restricted Fund Balance.

D.        Spendable—Assigned Fund Balance.

 

 

 

Short Answer Questions

 

1.         The following are categories of funds described in Chapter 2:

 

1. Governmental funds
2. Proprietary funds
3. Fiduciary funds

 

For each of the following descriptive phrases, indicate the type of fund from the list above that best matches by placing the appropriate letter in the blank space next to the phrase.

    

 

 

 

 

2.         The following are fund balance classifications described in Chapter 2:

 

1. Nonspendable
2. Spendable—Restricted
3. Spendable—Committed
4. Spendable—Assigned
5. Spendable—Unassigned

 

For each of the following scenarios, indicate how they would be classified for fund balance reporting purposes using the classification list above. Place the appropriate letter in the blank space next to each scenario.

 

_____ 1.          Bond proceeds of $15,000,000 that must be used for construction of a fire substation remain unspent at the end of the fiscal year.

_____ 2.          Prepaid rent of $6,000 remains at the end of the fiscal year.

_____ 3.          The city council adopted a plan to set aside 2% of revenues over the next three years to help build cash reserves.  At the end of the fiscal year 2% of the revenues were set aside. _____ 4.       The state transportation department provided $1,000,000 in state funds to be used for street widening.  At the end of the fiscal year $750,000 remained unspent.

_____ 5.          The county received a $3,000,000 endowment during the year.

3. Following are some of the county’s governmental funds .  The county has asked you to determine is any of the funds listed should be classified as major funds based on the GASB size criteria.  Clearly indicate which fund(s) you believe should be classified as major and provide support for your choice(s).

 

		General Fund	Special	Debt Service	Total of all	Total of all
			Revenue Fund	Fund	Governmental	Governmental &
					Funds	Enterprise Funds
	Assets	12,000,000	1,000,000	500,000	15,000,000	21,000,000
	Liabilities	3,000,000	250,000	30,000	4,580,000	5,890,000
	Revenues	10,000,000	600,000	1,450,000	13,770,000	17,123,000
	Expenditures/
	Expenses	9,859,000	725,000	1,300,000	13,460,000	16,665,000

 

 

 

 

Essay Questions

4. List the basic financial statements required by GASB standards and briefly explain their purposes. 

  

 

5. "The primary purpose of an accounting system for a state or a local government is to make it possible for financial statements to demonstrate compliance with finance-related legal and contractual provisions." Explain why you believe this statement to be correct or incorrect. 

 

 

6. Explain the difference between measurement focus and basis of accounting. Also, explain the difference between the economic resources measurement focus and the current financial resources measurement focus as well as the difference between the accrual and modified accrual bases of accounting. Which funds and government-wide activities use each focus and each basis? 

 

 

7. List the seven fund financial statements that are required as part of the basic financial statements by GASB standards. What measurement focus and basis of accounting should be used in preparing each of these statements? 

 

 

8. Explain the nature of the three major activity categories of a state or local government: governmental activities, business-type activities, and fiduciary activities. Provide examples of each. 

 

 

9. Describe the comprehensive annual financial report (CAFR). What are the sections of the report and which components of the organization should it include? Is a CAFR required?